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The simulation of complex engineering components and structures under loads requires the formulation and adequate calibration of appropriate material models. This work introduces an optimisation-based scheme for the calibration of viscoelastic material models that are coupled to gradient-enhanced damage in a finite strain setting. The parameter identification scheme is applied to a self-diagnostic

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with intracranial aneurysms may benefit from 4D flow MR imaging because the derived wall shear stress is considered a useful marker for risk assessment and growth of aneurysms. However, long scan times limit the clinical implementation of 4D flow MR imaging. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether highly accelerated, high resolution, 4D flow MR imaging a

The impact of climate change on the production of hydropower in Mozambique is reviewed and regression analysis is applied to evaluate future climate scenarios. The results show that climate change will cause increased variability of precipitation and create flooding that can damage infrastructure such as hydropower dams. Climate change can also cause drought that will decrease surface water and re

The space SL(2, R) × SL(2, R) admits a natural homogeneous pseudo-Riemannian nearly Kahler structure. We investigate almost complex surfaces in this space. In particular, we obtain a complete classification of the totally geodesic almost complex surfaces and of the almost complex surfaces with parallel second fundamental form.

Cells in complex organisms can transition between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes during both normal and malignant physiological events. These two phenotypes are not binary, but rather describe a spectrum of cell states along an axis. Mammalian cells can undergo dynamic and heterogenous bidirectional interconversions along the epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypic (EMP) spectrum, and such transi

The editorial introduces the Journal of Biomedical Optics Special Section on Selected Topics in Biophotonics: Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging and Optical Micromechanics.

Single top-quark production in association with a Z boson, where the Z boson decays to a pair of charged leptons, is measured in the trilepton channel. The proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment from 2015 to 2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. Events containing three isolated charged leptons (electrons o

Registerstudie på data från Svenska Frakturregistret, SFR. Vi hittade 723 patienter i åldern 60-69 år som hade en dislocerad höftfraktur. Standardbehandling i Sverige är total höftplastik, men en del patienter behandlas även med skruvar/spikar. Patienter med skruvar/spikar måste opereras om i 1/3 av fallen pga haveri i frakturen och erhåller då total höftplastik. Trots detta uppvisade denna grupp BackgroundSeveral randomized studies have compared arthroplasty and internal fixation (IF) and found better patient reported outcome measure (PROM) and fewer reoperations for arthroplasty. But consensus is lacking regarding which method to use in the "young elderly” patients aged 60-69; IF tend to fail in up to 1/3 of the cases but can offer the benefits of a biologically intact hip if successful.

Cold ventilated attics often have mould problems in Sweden. This is valid both for old and sometimes newly built attics. Increased insulation on the attic floor is assumed to increase the problem. To investigate this, numerical 1D models like WUFI or WUFI+ are typically used. These models give results but the physical processes are not so transparent for the user due to the complex numerical techn

Based on measurements of mould in 17 attics in the north of Sweden, 3 were chosen as a tentative validation of the MRD-model (Mould Resistance Design) for long periods of time (1961-2012). Comparing the measurements and the results from the simulations showed great differences regarding the mould growth depending on the simplifications used in the model. How the leakage was simulated and where the

A common moisture-related problem in Sweden and other countries, is mold odor indoors. The general perception is that mold odor indicates hazardous hidden mold. However, some grey literature studies indicate that the source of mold odor might not be substantial amounts of mold, but rather chloroanisoles (CAs) which are biomethylated from chlorophenols (CPs) in moist conditions. Products containing

During the last few years, there has been an increased number of overcrowded apartments, due to increased migration but also housing shortage in general, particularly in the suburbs to major cities. The question is how the indoor environment in these apartments is affected by the high number of persons and how the problems related to high residential density can be overcome. This paper aims to spe

Many cities are striving to develop urban transformation strategies, in order to transit from traditional city to a sustainable city. Improving the energy efficiency of the existing buildings is the key to address climate change mitigation and adaptation. This paper considers different climate scenarios using different series of future climate in four different European cities, namely, Kiruna, Sto

As parts of the world continue the work of mitigating the impact of climate change, many countries strive for continued reductions in energy demand from buildings by implementing more stringent building regulations. Consequently, the importance of accurate and efficient building performance simulations to predict the energy use of a building design increases. As observed in earlier studies, there As parts of the world continue the work of mitigating the impact of climate change, many countries strive for continued reductions in energy demand from buildings by implementing more stringent building regulations. Consequently, the importance of accurate and efficient building performance simulations to predict the energy use of a building design increases. As observed in earlier studies, there

As regulations regarding energy use and emissions of CO2 equivalents in buildings become more stringent, the need for more accurate tools and improved methods for predicting these parameters in building performance simulations increases. In the first part of this project, a probabilistic method was applied to the transient energy calculations and evaluated using a case study of a single-family dweAs regulations regarding energy use and emissions of CO2 equivalents in buildings become more stringent, the need for more accurate tools and improved methods for predicting these parameters in building performance simulations increases. In the first part of this project, a probabilistic method was developed and applied to the transient energy calculations and evaluated using a single-family dwell

Designing building form in urban areas is a complicated process that demands considering a high number of influencing parameters. On the other hand, there has been an increasing trend to design highly fenestrated building envelopes for office buildings to induce higher levels of natural lighting into the workspace. This paper presents a novel optimization framework to design high-performance build

Primordial black holes formed through the collapse of cosmological density fluctuations have been hypothesized as contributors to the dark matter content of the Universe. At the same time, their mergers could contribute to the recently observed population of gravitational-wave sources. We investigate the scenario in which primordial black holes form binaries at late times in the Universe. Specific

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) has been increasingly scrutinized as a potential drug target since the elucidation of its role in mediating tumor growth and acquired therapy resistance. Affibody molecules are so-called scaffold proteins with favorable biophysical properties, such as a small size for improved tissue penetration and extravasation, thermal and chemical stability, and