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Seed particles of elements or compounds which may or may not form alloys are now used extensively in promoting well-controlled nanowire growth. The technology has evolved following the well-known Vapour-Liquid-Solid (VLS) model which was developed over 40 years ago. This model indicates that a liquid alloy is formed from the seed particle and the growth precursor(s), resulting in crystal growth by

This paper presents a computational study of the effects of fuel and thermal stratifications on homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion process in a personal car sized internal combustion engine. Stratified HCCI conditions are generated using a negative valve overlap (NVO) technique. The aims of this study are to improve the understanding of the flow dynamics, the heat and mass tr

This article deals with asset correlation estimation among firms with foreign exchange exposure. In most credit risk models the exchange rate risk is ignored, i.e. the borrowing firms are supposed to have assets denominated in the same currency as their debt. In reality, this is often not the case and if the asset portfolios of two borrowers are exposed to foreign exchange risk the correlation bet

Även parker kan vara tämligen artrika och hysa rödlistade arter. Nedan redovisar Ulf Arup resultatet av en inventering av Lunds stadspark, som trots att den är omgiven av vägar med delvis stark trafik uppvisar en god artrikedom.

An efficient and selective isomerization of 1-alkenes to their corresponding 2-alkenes is achieved by using binary metal carbonyls such as Ru-3(CO)(12) as catalysts. Possible mechanisms are discussed. Substituents on the 1-alkene have a significant effect on the isomerization. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bacterial infections are a major global threat to public health and sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Sepsis incidence is rising, with supportive treatments and antibiotics being the main treatment possibilities. Sepsis is characterised by an excessive and uncontrolled immune and coagulation response, leading to tissue damage, capillary leakage, and multiple organ failure. Althou

Accumulated carbon uptake, apparent quantum yield (AQY) and light-saturated net CO2 assimilation (A(sat)) were used to assess the responses of photosynthesis to environmental conditions during spring for three consecutive years. Whole-tree chambers were used to expose 40-year-old field-grown Norway spruce trees in northern Sweden to an elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, [CO2], of 700 mu mol C

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze the prevailing form of rationality that governs the challenges, goals and roles of communication professionals. The authors will also explore alternative forms of rationality and discuss what these would imply. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on survey results from The European Communication Monitor (ECM) and qualitativ

Abstract in UndeterminedYou may think that your requirements engineering process is fairly limited and currently not too complex to manage. Or you may be right in the middle of a storm of requirements where it is impossible to manage even the most important ones comprehensively. If you are in the former situation, it may be dangerous to relax as many successful software-intensive products have a t

Abstract The aim of the thesis has been to explore representations of gender, ethnicity and generation in school readers used in the Swedish compulsory school since 1962, to find which ’discourses’, linked to equal opportunities, integration/diversity and childhood, underlie these constructions, and in which ways they may have contributed to the (re)production of different gendered, ethnified and

Abstract in UndeterminedWe suggest a new way of modeling the dynamics of a firm’s asset value and discuss how it could be useful in the computation of asset value correlations in multivariate credit risk models. The method relies on credit spreads from the credit default swap market and by combining these spreads with stock prices and leverage ratios we show how one can construct a proxy for the a

1. Environmental changes such as eutrophication and increasing inputs of humic matter (brownification) may have strong effects on predatorprey interactions in lakes through a reduction in the visual conditions affecting foraging behaviour of visually oriented predators. 2. In this experiment, we studied the effects of visual range (25200 cm) in combination with optically deteriorating treatments (

Background Clinical egg allergy is a common food allergy. Current management relies upon strict allergen avoidance. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) might be an optional treatment, through desensitization to egg allergen. Objectives We aimed to assess the successful desensitization and development of tolerance to egg protein and the safety of egg oral and sublingual immunotherapy in children and adults wi

We performed a genome-wide association study of melanoma in a discovery cohort of 2,168 Australian individuals with melanoma and 4,387 control individuals. In this discovery phase, we confirm several previously characterized melanoma-associated loci at MC1R, ASIP and MTAP-CDKN2A. We selected variants at nine loci for replication in three independent case-control studies (Europe: 2,804 subjects wit

Local research units. this article argues, play a very important role for the scientific field they belong to, for example by mobilizing financial support, offering job opportunities, attracting talented recruits, and providing adequate training. Little is known, however, about such units, at least in the fields under study here, i.e., studies of innovation, entrepreneurship and related phenomena.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det finns ett flertal hormoner som bildas i mag-tarmkanalen och som sedan frisätts till blodet i samband med måltidsintag. Runtom i kroppen finns det sedan målceller, så kallade receptorer, som stimuleras av hormonerna till att påverka olika processer i kroppen. De hormoner från mag-tarmkanalen som vi har studerat är de så kallade inkretinhormonerna, glukagon-lik peptidSeveral different hormones are released from the intestine following a meal. In this thesis we have focused on the so called incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). An important function of the incretin hormones is potentiation of insulin release from pancreatic beta-cells following a meal. This property has attracted a lot of inte

Objectives. To study treatment response rates of RA patients undergoing second- and third-line anti-TNF therapy and to identify baseline predictors of response to second-line treatment. Methods. RA patients monitored in a prospective, observational study, having switched anti-TNF therapy once (first-time switchers, n = 337) or twice (second-time switchers, n = 36)-i.e. following failures with one

A literature study is performed to compile the state-of-the-art, as well as future potential, in SOFC modeling. Principles behind various transport processes such as mass, heat, momentum and charge as well as for electrochemical and internal reforming reactions are described. A deeper investigation is made to find out potentials and challenges using a multiscale approach to model solid oxide fuel