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This chapter establishes four evaluative themes that will be employed across this volume to analyze the institutional complexity of policy fields in the climate-energy nexus: coherence, management, legitimacy, and effectiveness. Coherence among institutions is conceptualized along four dimensions: convergence on an overarching core norm for the policy field, balanced coverage and distribution of m
This study investigates how related variety in the regional employment mix affects the innovation output of a region. Departing from the idea of recombinant innovation, previous research has arguedthat related variety enhances regional innovation as inter-industry knowledge spillovers occur more easily between different but cognitively similar industries. This study combines a
Agricultural production systems are affected by complex interactions between social and ecological factors, which are often hard to integrate in a common analytical framework. We evaluated differences in crop production among farms by integrating components of several related research disciplines in a single socio-ecological analysis. Specifically, we evaluated spring barley (Hordeum vulgare, L.)
Lubricin (PRG4) is a mucin type protein that plays an important role in maintaining normal joint function by providing lubrication and chondroprotection. Improper lubricin modification and degradation has been observed in idiopathic osteoarthritis (OA), while the detailed mechanism still remains unknown. We hypothesized that the protease cathepsin G (CG) may participate in degrading lubricin in sy
In order to meet the EU's climate and resource efficiency targets, changes in our daily-life behaviours, as well as business models, are urgently necessary. More insights are needed to make real changes based on research with a systems perspective. We developed a system dynamics model to analyse the environmental benefits of a transition from ownership-based to access-based household laundry activ
Objectives: Cholinergic dysfunction plays a prominent role in cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of baseline and longitudinal basal forebrain atrophy with cognitive decline and dementia in PD. Methods: We included 106 non-demented PD patients, 19 PD dementia (PDD) patients and 42 controls with longitudinal structural MRI and cogni
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1051 (Blake Nose, western North Atlantic) is of crucial importance for reconstructing diatom evolution and biosiliceous sedimentation patterns through the early Cenozoic period of extreme greenhouse warmth followed by the progressive global cooling. The magnetostratigraphy in Hole 1051A, however, has been subject to divergent interpretations resulting in multi-mil
In this paper, an investigation is done into the potential of increasing the coolant temperature of an engine to maximize the powertrain efficiency. The study takes a holistic approach by trying to optimise the combined engine and waste heat recovery system. The work was done experimentally on a Volvo 4-cylinder light duty diesel engine in combination with Rankine cycle simulations. For the study,
In this study, the effects of fin configurations and layouts on thermal and hydraulic performances of printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHEs) with supercritical liquefied natural gas as the working fluid are studied by a numerical method, and the overall heat transfer performance of various parameters is evaluated by the JF factor. Firstly, the effect of four different airfoil configurations, i.e.
Aims The aims were to investigate the association between maternal serum levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) in early pregnancy and overweight in the child at 4 years and to assess potential heterogeneity in exposure effect between strata with different levels of other risk factors for overwe
The overall aims of this thesis were to improve prediction, diagnostics and knowledge on epidemiology of sepsis. In paper I, we developed and evaluated an integrated platform for rapid analysis of sepsis-causing organisms directly from blood samples. Testing with blood samples spiked with bacteria and samples from septic patients indicate that the detection limit of the system is in the upper partThe overall aims of this thesis were to improve prediction, diagnostics and knowledge on epidemiology of sepsis. In paper I, we developed and evaluated an integrated platform for rapid analysis of sepsis-causing organisms directly from blood samples. Testing with blood samples spiked with bacteria and samples from septic patients indicate that the detection limit of the system is in the upper part
Efficient protection of huge amount of IoT produced data is key for wide scale data analytic services. The most efficient way is to use pure symmetric encryption as that allows both fast decryption at the analytic engine side as well as energy efficient encryption at the IoT side. However, symmetric encryption can only be performed if there is a way to directly map an encrypted object to the corre
Energy flow is a central characteristic in all ecosystems, and it has attracted considerable scientific attention due to its significant effects on the stability of food webs. Lake ecosystems that undergo regime shifts (clear water phase, phytoplankton dominated changed into turbid water, macrophytes dominated or vice versa) are characterized by a series of transformation in trophic structure. Alt
In this climate change and biodiversity loss focus, Harriet Bulkeley, Professor at Durham University in the UK and Kes McCormick, Associate Professor at Lund University in Sweden, argue that nature-based solutions in the city are not just for the birds.
The Governance of Urban Sustainability Transitions project was established to examine, inform and advance the governance of sustainability transitions through urban living labs. The findings could help address many of the economic, social and environmental concerns of the 21st century.
Sharing Cities Sweden aims to put Sweden on the map as a country that actively and critically works with the sharing economy in cities. We are developing world-leading test-beds for the sharing economy in Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö and Umeå. We are developing a national node to significantly improve national and international cooperation and promote an exchange of experience on sharing cities.
Objectives: Current guidelines rank abatacept, rituximab, tocilizumab and TNF-inhibitors (TNFi) as having equal effectiveness for the treatment of RA, at least as second line therapies. These recommendations are mainly based on meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, with few direct drug-drug comparisons. Our objective was to compare the real-world absolute and relative effectiveness among
