The history of the classical vowel articulation model: a reply to Catford and Fischer-Jørgensen
This paper is devoted to a discussion of Catford's and Fischer-Jørgensen's defence of the classical vowel articulation model (1, 2, 3). Objections to the model are not directed at Bell's personality, but at the theoretical structure of his model: critical functions of the model are contradicted by empirical data and by acoustical theory. Nor are the ojections only relevant for amendments introduce