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Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is one the most common sample preparation techniques in many laboratories. Optimization of analyte specificity and recovery is crucial for high-sensitivity detection and analysis robustness/reproducibility. The optimization process usually starts with screening for a suitable extraction phase for a certain analyte (e.g. reversed-phase or HILIC) or if the extraction pha
This chapter reviews the emerging body of literature on critical theories of leadership. It begins by putting critical approaches to leadership in the context of broader debates about leadership. It notes that most existing work builds on either functional or interpretive assumptions. After noting some of the shortcomings with these directions, this chapter offers an alternative set of ideas based
The long-lasting and possibly not very useful question of whether women’s and men’s leadership are similar or differ has not led to conclusive answers. This chapter discusses different stances of the no-difference and the gender-stereotypcal views and the problems in investigating the subject—including complications in how to determine and motivate whether there is a difference in women’s and men’
The case of Vietnam, represented by the different development paths between Tonkin and Cochin-China, shows the complexity of analysis of the impact of colonialism. Population density was not the organizing principle behind the settlement of French colonialists. Nor did it significantly determine the level of extraction as expected by AJR’s theory. On the contrary, we show that the presence of seve
