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Indications of what the tour-operating sector considers to be 'good practice' can be drawn from voluntary initiatives such as existing eco-labels and codes of conduct. However, practical implementation of such guidance varies greatly from one tour operator to another, depending on different types of factors, such as size, financial capacity, corporate structure, operational location, organizationa
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tekniken för vitreoretinal kirurgi har utvecklats betydligt de senaste åren, både vad gäller metodik och instrumentering. Allt fler sjukdomstillstånd i näthinnan kan nu behandlas. För att utveckla dessa metoder vidare, och även öka kunskapen bakom verkningsmekanismen för deras effektivitet, är standardiserade djurmodeller där både funktion och histologi kan utvärderas aThe field of vitreoretinal surgery has expanded greatly over the last decades. A continuous refinement of surgical methods and instruments has increased the number of treatable retinal disorders. Vitrectomy, retinectomy and laser treatment are all part of the modern surgical arsenal. In order to further develop and refine these methods, and also to improve the knowledge of the mechanisms behind th
An unexpected discovery of Caloplaca lobulata in Tasmania is presented. This species which earlier seemed rather widely spread in central Europe have today become an extremely rare and endangered element in the European lichen flora. The generic affinity with other closely related species is briefly discussed.
A statistical approach to a posteriori blockmodeling for digraphs and valued digraphs is proposed. The probability model assumes that the vertices of the digraph are partitioned into several unobserved (latent) classes and that the probability distribution of the relation between two vertices depends only on the classes to which they belong. A Bayesian estimator based on Gibbs sampling is proposed
Signal processing can be used to condition medical signals to facilitate their interpretation, and to extract clinically important information. The purpose of the present doctoral thesis is to put forward solutions to certain problems encountered in the processing of electrocardiac signals. Paper I examines the properties of a maximum likelihood method for aligning vectorcardiographic loops, with
Time-domain fundamental solutions and Green dyadics for temporally dispersive, simple media are introduced. Second forerunner approximations to the electromagnetic fields from an electric point dipole in unbounded dispersive materials are obtained. Numerical results for two frequently used material models are presented. Moreover, surface integral representations of the electromagnetic fields in di
Dwarf eggs, e.g. eggs that are very much smaller than normal eggs, are occasionally found among normal eggs in nests of birds. Although they are not often mentioned in the handbooks, the frequency of dwarf eggs seems to be about one per thousand, or less. In 2001 I found one dwarf egg in a nest with two eggs of the Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus at Ammarnas in Swedish Lapland. I did not
A stability criterion for nonlinear systems, recently derived by thethird author, can be viewed as a dual to Lyapunov's second theorem.The criterion is stated in terms of a function which can beinterpreted as the stationary density of a substance that is generatedall over the state space and flows along the system trajectoriestowards the equilibrium.The new criterion has a remarkable convexity pro
The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a U-238 beam has been measured. For states with angular momentum greater than or similar to 20h, a much higher population than expected has been observed. By introducing a collective component to the generation of angular momentum the experimental data can be understood. This is the first time that a collective de
