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The objective of this study was to evaluate the current utilization, the level of endorsement by professional societies, and health technology assessment bodies, as well as the reimbursement levels for bariatric surgery in European countries. We performed an analysis of the indications for bariatric surgery based on national clinical and commissioning guidelines, current utilization of surgery, ch

Enticing economic benefits for host nations and the notion of large areas of land considered available are often put forward as the main reasons for large-scale land acquisition in many areas of sub-Saharan Africa. However, country-level datasets of land acquisitions seem to indicate a clear divide between a majority of countries engaged in land acquisitions as investors and those involved as targ

A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson produced in association with a top-quark pair, , is presented. The analysis uses 20.3 fb(-1) of pp collision data at , collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider during 2012. The search is designed for the decay mode and uses events containing one or two electrons or muons. In order to improve the sensitivity of the search, events are

Recently there has been growing interest in the role of coherence in electronic dynamics. Coherent multidimensional spectroscopy has been used to reveal coherent phenomena in numerous material systems. Here we utilize a recent implementation of coherent multidimensional spectroscopy-two-dimensional photocurrent spectroscopy-in which we detect the photocurrent from a PbS quantum dot photocell resul

In the study presented in this paper, experimental data from a pneumatic hybrid has been compared to the results from a simulation of the engine in GT-Power. The engine in question is a single-cylinder Scania D12 diesel engine, which has been converted to work as a pneumatic hybrid. The base engine model, provided by Scania, is made in GT-Power and it is based on the same engine configuration as t

This paper investigates the application of sharpening knives using a force controlled industrial robot, for an arbitrary knife shape and orientation. The problem is divided into different parts: calibration of the knife by identifying its unknown orientation, identification of the knife blade contour and estimation of its position in the robot frame through force control, and grinding of the knife

Background: The natriuretic peptides play an important role in salt homeostasis and blood pressure regulation. It has been suggested that obesity promotes a relative natriuretic peptide deficiency, but this has been a variable finding in prior studies and the cause is unknown. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the association between obesity and natriuretic peptide levels and evaluate the

Real-world financial contracts vary greatly in the combinations of cash flow contingency terms and control rights used. Extant theoretical work explains such variation by arguing that each investor finely tailors contracts to mitigate investment-specific incentive problems. We provide overwhelming evidence from 4,561 venture capital (VC) contracts that this tailoring is overstated: even though the

Background Testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) is a common disease that links testicular germ cell cancer, cryptorchidism and some cases of hypospadias and male infertility with impaired development of the testis. The incidence of these disorders has increased over the last few decades, and testicular cancer now affects 1% of the Danish and Norwegian male population. Methods To identify genetic v

Protein quantification using different LC-MS techniques is becoming a standard practice. However, with a multitude of experimental setups to choose from, as well as a wide array of software solutions for subsequent data processing, it is non-trivial to select the most appropriate workflow for a given biological question. In this review, we highlight different issues that need to be addressed by so

This article analyses current trends in the use of anonymity services among younger Swedes (15-25) and focuses on individuals engaging in illegal file sharing in order to better understand the rationale behind both file sharing as well as online anonymity, especially in relation to enforcement of copyright. By comparing the findings of a survey conducted on three different occasions (early 2009, l

In recent reports, cerebral vein and sinus thrombosis has had a better long-term prognosis than previously thought. However, there may be long-term problems that have not attracted enough attention. The aim of this chapter is to examine the literature for studies reporting long-term prognosis and outcome after cerebral vein and sinus thrombosis. The long-term prognosis after cerebral vein and sinu

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation modulates antibody activity and represents a major source of heterogeneity within antibody preparations. Depending on their glycosylation pattern, individual IgG glycovariants present in recombinant antibody preparations may trigger effects ranging from enhanced pro-inflammatory activity to increased anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, reduction of IgG gly

The 3p(5)4s(2)3d P-1(1) and 3p(5)(P-2(3/2))4s(2)5s (2)[3/2](1) resonance regions of Ca atoms have been studied experimentally with the aid of synchrotron radiation excited electron spectroscopy. The strong configuration interaction of the 3p(5)4s(2)3d, 3p(5)4s(2)5s and several other nearly degenerate configurations leads to complex structures observed in the photoelectron yield spectrum. Multiconf

The newly discovered fungal species Aspergillus saccharolyticus was found to produce a culture broth rich in beta-glucosidase activity. In this present work, the main beta-glucosidase of A. saccharolyticus responsible for the efficient hydrolytic activity was identified, isolated, and characterized. Ion exchange chromatography was used to fractionate the culture broth, yielding fractions with high

This paper provides a new decision rule for emergency replenishments in an inventory system. The decision rule is a generalization of a previous decision rule suggested and evaluated in Axsater (2003, 2007). An improvement step is added to this rule and this often means considerably better performance. The decisions are based on complete information about the system state. An advantage with our de

The voluminous Kalkarindji flood basalts erupted in Australia during the Cambrian and covered >2 x 10(6) km(2). New U-Pb and Ar-40/Ar-39 age data from intrusive rocks and lava flows yielded statistically indistinguishable ages at ca. 511 Ma, suggesting a relatively brief emplacement for this province. A zircon age of 510.7 +/- 0.6 Ma shows that this province is temporally indistinguishable at the