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Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen bland kvinnor i Sverige. Mer än 7000 kvinnor insjuknar varje år i bröstcancer, och cirka 1500 dör i sjukdomen. Incidensen av bröstcancer har stigit kontinuerligt sedan 1970-talet, och man uppskattar att en av tio kvinnor i Sverige kommer att utveckla bröstcancer någon gång under sin livstid. Den relativa överlevnaden i sjukdomeCancer is a genetic disease that arises when a cell acquires unlimited growth potential through a series of mutational events, which target genes essential for normal cell control and maintenance. Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in women worldwide, and it is characterized by heterogeneous tumor biology, histological subtypes, variable prognosis and variable responsiveness to

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended by guidelines to evaluate the severity of brain ischemia after cardiac arrest for functional outcome prediction. However, standardized assessment criteria are lacking. We have developed a semi-quantitative Cardiac Arrest Brain Ischemia (CABI) score to assess the extension of brain ischemia on MRI. Objectives: To evaluate the prognostic pe

Background T-cell activation and clonal expansion are essential to effective immunotherapy responses in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The distribution of T-cell clones may offer insights into immunogenic mechanisms and imply potential prognostic and predictive information. Methods We analyzed α/β T-cell receptor (TCR) clonality using RNA-sequencing of bulk frozen tumor tissue from 182 patien

This thesis investigates the financial viability of green hydrogen production for mobility applications across four European countries: Germany, Norway, Denmark and Spain. Given the rising importance of hydrogen in hard-to-electrify sectors such as (heavy-duty) transport, the study focuses on understanding how system design and local energy conditions influence the Levelised Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH

Axonal injuries commonly contribute to poor functional outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI). To assess cerebral blood flow (CBF) and energy metabolic disturbances in a TBI model of widespread axonal injury, we exposed 105 adult mice to the central (midline) fluid percussion injury (cFPI) diffuse TBI model, or sham injury, and used 9.4 T magnetic resonance (MR) arterial spin labeling (AS

Introduction: Cranioplasty, a surgical procedure to restore skull integrity and aesthetic contour following decompressive craniectomy, poses challenges in material selection and timing, driven by the lack of guidelines and ongoing regulatory changes. Research question: This study aimed to provide an overview of current cranioplasty practices in Europe, explicitly addressing a potential shift towar

BACKGROUND: Head impacts are common in contact sports such as boxing and occur at times of elevated core body and brain temperatures induced by the exercise. Following impact, elevated brain temperature may lead to the development of exacerbated brain injury that can be monitored by blood biomarkers. Blood-brain biomarkers S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) reflect glial injury; neur

Denna avhandling breddar rådande förståelser av stipendier och deras systematiska användning inom internationell högre utbildning genom att introducera en ny uppsättning teoretiska verktyg för att undersöka sådana satsningar. Med fokus på organisationer i Mexiko och Indonesien samt de studenter de sponsrade till svenska masterprogram mellan 2013 och 2020, utforskar studien värderingsprocesser, samThis thesis broadens prevailing understandings of scholarships and their systematic use in international higher education, introducing a novel set of theoretical tools for examining such endeavors. Focusing on organizations in Mexico and Indonesia and the students they sponsored in Swedish master’s degree programs between 2013-20, the study explores valuation processes, coordination puzzles and et

Introduction: Termination of resuscitation guidelines for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest can identify patients in whom continuing resuscitation has little chance of success. This study examined the outcomes of patients transferred to hospital with ongoing CPR. It assessed outcomes for those who would have met the universal prehospital termination of resuscitation criteria (no shocks administered,

The importance of genetic factors in the etiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is suggested by case-control and cohort studies. Most previous studies have been too small to estimate accurately risks of specific categories of lymphoproliferative malignancies in relatives of NHL cases or to quantify the contribution of NHL case characteristics to familial risk. We have overcome sample size limitati

Inflammation is reported in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few studies have investigated circulating blood cells that may contribute to inflammation. We assessed circulating platelets, white blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC) in PTSD and assessed their relationship to inflammation and symptom severity. One-hundred and sixty-three male combat-exposed veterans (82 PTSD, 81 non-PTSD)

The protein parkin, encoded by the PARK2 gene, is vital for mitochondrial homeostasis, and although it has been implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD), the disease mechanisms remain unclear. We have applied mass spectrometry-based proteomics to investigate the effects of parkin dysfunction on the mitochondrial proteome in human isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons with and withou

Inducible defences allow prey to increase survival chances when predators are present while avoiding unnecessary costs in their absence. Many studies report considerable inter-individual variation in inducible defence expression, yet what underlies this variation is poorly understood. A classic vertebrate example of a predator-induced morphological defence is the increased body depth in crucian ca

There is currently interest in low strain HPHT diamond due to its expected application as various types of X-ray optical elements at Synchrotrons, where the X-ray intensity is becoming progressively too severe for the existing materials. The diamond crystals need to be synthesised with unprecedented lattice quality. In recent measurements at the ID19 beamline of European Synchrotron Radiation Faci

We are developing a prototype system for simultaneous digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and mechanical imaging (MI). MI maps the local pressure distribution during clinical exams, to distinguish breast abnormalities from the normal tissue. Both DBT alone, and MI when combined with digital mammography, have demonstrated the ability to reduce false positives; however, the benefit of combining DBT w

A 27-year-old woman (gravida 2, para 1) was transported to the regional university hospital in gestational week (GW) 34 + 4 due to a three-day history of fever, abdominal pain and reduced foetal movements. She had developed a dry cough one day prior to the admission (Figure S1). The woman, was slightly overweight (BMI 27 kg/m2 ) but otherwise healthy. She had normal antenatal check-ups and an obst

BACKGROUND: The four-kallikrein (4K) panel has been demonstrated to improve prediction of aggressive prostate cancer compared with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) among men with moderately elevated PSA levels. However, the development and testing of the 4K panel has been conducted primarily in White men, with limited data in African Americans and no studies in other racial and ethnic groups. METHO

Although natural products are an important source of drugs and drug leads, identification and validation of their target proteins have proven difficult. Here, we report the development of a systematic strategy for target identification and validation employing drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) without modifying or labeling natural compounds. Thro