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Context Inpatients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, warfarin prevents ischemic stroke, but dose adjustment, coagulation monitoring, and bleeding limit its use. Objective To compare the efficacy of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran with warfarin for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism. Design, Setting, and Participants Double-blind, randomized, multicenter trial (20002001)

This thesis deals with the carbon balance in a subarctic landscape at different temporal and spatial scales. Its focus is mainly on the peatland and mountain birch forest (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) ecosystems within the Abisko area in northernmost Sweden. This is an area with a temperature close to the 0 OC mean annual isotherm. The area has during the last 30 years experienced a limited

Background: The Southern Swedish Malignant Melanoma (SSMM) research team is a truly cross functional group with members from oncology, clinical, surgery, bioinformatics, proteomics, and genomics initiatives. The SSMM’s objectives and goals are to develop, build and utilize cutting edge biobanks and OMICS platforms to better understand disease pathology and drug mechanisms. Within the research team

Hemicelluloses are a group of abundant polymers found in all plants and constitute about one third of the total plant biomass. These polymers can be used in many different products, such as oxygen barrier films, emulsifiers, foams and probiotic food additives. However, the commercial development and use of new products utilizing hemicelluloses has been limited due to the high production cost. Incr

Background: Squamous cell cancer of the anus (SCCA) is a rare malignancy, but the incidence is increasing. It isassociated with humman papilloma virus infection. The standard treatment is radiotherapy (RT) combined withchemotherapy, usually 5-fluorouracil (5FU)/Mitomycin C (MMC). This treatment is relatively effective, butrecurrence still represents a problem especially in locally advanced SCCA.Th

The GHG-CCI project is one of several projects of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI). The goal of the CCI is to generate and deliver data sets of various satellite-derived Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) in line with GCOS (Global Climate Observing System) requirements. The "ECV Greenhouse Gases" (ECV GHG) is the global distribution of important climate relevant ga

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a promising platform for miniaturisation of biological assays on-chip. In droplet microfluidics small water droplets (nL-pL) surrounded by an immiscible carrier oil are generated at high throughput. In these droplets particles such as cells or microbeads can be encapsulated, and the idea is that each of these droplets can be used as small reaction chambers for

Concerns regarding environmental issues have led to increasing efforts for investigating sustainable production routes for the future industry that is based on renewable resources. Among the biobased chemicals, the C3-chemicals 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA), 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) and 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), have been identified as top candidates for the chemical industry. Lactobacil

Context. Streaming instability is a key mechanism in planet formation, clustering pebbles into planetesimals with the help of self-gravity. It is triggered at a particular disk location where the local volume density of solids exceeds that of the gas. After their formation, planetesimals can grow into protoplanets by feeding from other planetesimals in the birth ring as well as by accreting inward

Background: Antipsychotic medication is effective for symptomatic treatment in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. After symptom remission, continuation of antipsychotic treatment is associated with lower relapse rates and lower symptom severity compared to dose reduction/discontinuation. Therefore, most guidelines recommend continuation of treatment with antipsychotic medication for at least 1 year

Background: In animal models, early initiation of therapeutic cooling, intra-arrest, or restored circulation has been shown to be neuroprotective shortly after cardiac arrest. We aimed to assess the feasibility and cooling efficacy of transnasal evaporative cooling, initiated as early as possible after hospital arrival in patients randomized to cooling in the TTM2 trial. Methods: This study took t

Changes in the latitudinal position and strength of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies (SHW) are thought to be tightly coupled to important climate processes, such as cross-equatorial heat fluxes, Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the bipolar seesaw, Southern Ocean ventilation and atmospheric CO2 levels. However, many un

Most pathogens can infect a number of different host species, but host species often differ considerably in susceptibility to a given pathogen. In the case of zoonotic pathogens, natural hosts typically present little or no disease symptoms, while humans and other “spill-over” hosts often present severe symptoms. Differences in susceptibility do not only occur between natural and non-natural hosts

Objective: To describe the clinical and ultrasound characteristics of ovarian pure clear cell carcinoma. Methods: This was a retrospective study involving data from 11 ultrasound centers. From the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) database, 105 patients who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination by an experienced ultrasound examiner between 1999 and 2016 were identified with a

BACKGROUND: The role of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) in bacteremias continues to be controversial. Until the 1970s, CNS were mostly recognized as contaminants, being part of the cutaneous flora. Since then, several studies have reported increasing incidence and severity of infections due to CNS.PURPOSE: To review the literature concerning the epidemiology of CNS bacteremia in the United

Adipocytes are crucial energy reservoirs to maintain metabolic homeostasis of glucose and lipids in the human body.Glucose transporters (GLUTs) and aquaporins (AQPs) play an important role in metabolic regulation of glucose andlipids in human adipocytes. Specifically, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and aquaporin 7 (AQP7) are the centralplayers for glucose transport and glycerol efflux in adipocytes

Sediment transport in the cross-shore (CS) and associated changes in the beach profile, especially during storms, have been topics of widespread concern. Since storms are often accompanied by high water levels and large waves, large quantities of sand from the beach and the dune are typically transported offshore, leading to severe beach and dune erosion, which threatens the integrity of buildings