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Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling presenteras fyra nya metoder för att automatiskt mäta hjärtats förmåga att pumpa ut blod i kroppen, mäta storleken på en hjärtinfarkt samt mäta hur stor del av hjärtmuskeln som riskerade att dö vid hjärtinfarkten. Dessa nya metoder kan användas för att minska skillnader mellan mätningar gjorda av olika läkare, på olika sjukhus och i olika forskargruppIn this thesis four new algorithms are presented for automatic segmentation in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR); automatic segmentation of the left ventricle, myocardial infarction, and myocardium at risk in two different image types. All four algorithms were implemented in freely available software for image analysis and were validated against reference delineations with a low bias and hig

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hos människan lever en rad mikroorganismer som tillsammans utgör normalfloran. Normalfloran återfinns på alla kroppsytor, det vill säga huden och slemhinnorna i munnen, svalget, magsäcken, tunn- och tjocktarmen, vagina och urinrörsmynningen. Samspelet mellan människokroppen och mikroorganismerna utsätts dagligen för påfrestningar. En sådan naturlig påfrestning är de sjuThis thesis is concerned with a family of bacterial surface proteins expressed by different strains of the anaerobic Gram-positive, commensal and human pathogen Peptostreptococcus magnus. These proteins have been studied with respect to their role in virulence, function, structure, and evolution. Strains isolated from patients with vaginosis have previously been shown to be associated with express

The Southern California Borderland is a region that experiences strong natural variations in bottom water oxygen and pH. We use marine sediments from Santa Monica Basin to reconstruct environmental conditions in the basin's bottom water from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to present. We then compare the records to the adjacent Santa Barbara Basin and Santa Lucia Slope. High-resolution records of b

The contribution of forest harvesting to base cation losses and soil acidification has increased in recent years in Sweden, as the demand for bioenergy has increased and the sulphur deposition has decreased. Thus, new policy tools are required to evaluate the progress of the recovery from acidification, and as a basis for forest management recommendations. In this study we introduce and test a con

Induced polarization (IP) is an acknowledged method in ore exploration and can be applied to evaluate the metal content in dumps containing the residues of ore processing facilities. Existing models explain the relationships between ore content and grain size of the ore particles with IP parameters. However, the models assume full water saturation of the ore containing samples, which is often not

Subcellular membrane systems are highly enriched in dolichol, whose role in organelle homeostasis and endosomal-lysosomal pathway remains largely unclear besides being involved in protein glycosylation. DHDDS encodes for the catalytic subunit (DHDDS) of the enzyme cis-prenyltransferase (cis-PTase), involved in dolichol biosynthesis and dolichol-dependent protein glycosylation in the endoplasmic re

Extensive diversity has been identified in the human heavy chain immunoglobulin locus, including allelic variation, gene duplication, and insertion/deletion events. Several genes have been suggested to be deleted in many haplotypes. Such findings have commonly been based on inference of the germline repertoire from data sets covering antibody heavy chain encoding transcripts. The inference process

This study investigates pathways by which the eicosanoid precursor pools in the platelets, bone marrow and the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa are acquired and regulated, and in this context some aspects on the interaction between triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins and platelets. 1. Platelets take up chylomicrons (CM) in vitro, the main part being sequestered in open canalicular system and not degr

Abstract Fatty acids mobilized from triacylglycerol stores are a major energy source in humans. Mobilization occurs through the consecutive action of three lipases: adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and monoglyceride lipase (MGL). Whereas ATGL and MGL only hydrolyse tri- and monoacylglycerols, respectively, HSL has a broad substrate range and hydrolyses cholesterol

När vi människor försöker röra på oss skickas elektriska impulser genom nervsystemet från hjärnan ner till de muskler som är inblandade i den tilltänkta rörelsen. Att kunna mäta sådana nervimpulser hade varit av värde för en rad tillämpningar—information hade då kunnat överföras direkt från nervsystemet utan att gå via långsamma, mekaniska gränssnitt så som tangentbord och pekskärmar. OlyckligtvisElectrical activity produced by muscles during voluntary movement is a reflection of the firing patterns of relevant motor neurons and, by extension, the latent motor intent driving the movement. Once transduced via electromyography (EMG) and converted into digital form, this activity can be processed to provide an estimate of the original motor intent and is as such a feasible basis for non-invas

Bröst- och hudcancerceller sprider sig via lymfatiska systemet och fastnar i en eller två regionala sentinel lymfnoder (SLN) där de med stor sannolikhet växer till metastaser. Därför är SLN-biopsier och relaterade histopatologiska undersökningar viktiga vid cancerdiagnostiken för att bestämma sjukdomsstatus och att från denna kunna bestämma rätt behandling. Patienter vars lymfnoder innehåller spri

Globins are usually associated with oxygen carriage in vertebrates. However, plants also contain similar heme-containing proteins, called phytoglobins (Pgbs). Unlike conventional hemoglobin, these proteins are often linked to nitric oxide metabolism, energy metabolism and redox maintenance under hypoxic and related abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Class I and II non-symbiotic Pgbs (nsPgbs) ha

Climatic extreme events are expected to occur more frequently in the future, increasing the likelihood of unprecedented climate extremes (UCEs) or record-breaking events. UCEs, such as extreme heatwaves and droughts, substantially affect ecosystem stability and carbon cycling by increasing plant mortality and delaying ecosystem recovery. Quantitative knowledge of such effects is limited due to the

Arguably among the most globally impactful climate changes in Earth's past million years are the glacial terminations that punctuated the Pleistocene epoch. With the acquisition and analysis of marine and continental records, including ice cores, it is now clear that the Earth's climate was responding profoundly to changes in greenhouse gases that accompanied those glacial terminations. But the u

This thesis consists of four self-contained papers in applied microeconomics. The first paper asks how a neighbors purchase of a specific good affects a households likelihood of purchase. I use an image classification algorithm to process a large set of aerial photos in order to infer household ownership of a visible durable good, specifically a trampoline. To estimate the neighborhood effect, I u

BACKGROUND: In mitral valve dysfunction, noninvasive measurement of transmitral blood flow is an important clinical examination. Flow imaging of the mitral valve, however, is challenging, since it moves in and out of the image plane during the cardiac cycle.PURPOSE: To more accurately measure mitral flow, a slice-following MRI phase contrast sequence is proposed. This study aimed to implement such

Billions of animals are adapted to a travelling life, making regular return migrations between more or less distant living stations on Earth by swimming, flying, running or walking (Figure 1). Extremely long migrations are completed annually by whales between calving areas in warmer waters and feeding areas at higher latitudes in either hemisphere. The longest oceanic migrations among sea turtles