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In view of the rising proportion of elderly in the population, diffusion of medical technologies to the elderly is a particularly interesting phenomenon, with respect to both quality of life and health care costs. Using data on all carotid endarterectomies (CEAs) performed in Sweden, we explore the pattern of age diffusion 1982-1999. The overall rates of CEA are considerably lower in Sweden than i
OBJECTIVE: To determine and analyse the incidence of childhood injuries in Reykjavik 1974-1991. DESIGN: Descriptive, retrospective study. SETTING: Reykjavik City district with a mean number of 88700 inhabitants, of which 23.4% were children under 15 years of age. SUBJECTS: All children 0-14 years old who came to the emergency department at Reykjavik City Hospital because of an injury. MAIN OUTCOME
Evidence suggests that educational differences in perinatal outcomes have increased in some countries (Eastern Europe) while remained stable in others (Scandinavian countries). However, less is known about the experience of Southern Europe. This study aims to evaluate the association between maternal education and perinatal outcomes derived from birthweight (low birthweight and macrosomia) and ges
Rationale, aims and objectives Studies have challenged the validity and underlying measurement model of the physical and mental component summary scores of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey in, for example the elderly and people with neurological disorders. However, it is unclear to what extent these observations translate to physical and mental component summary scores derived from the 12-item
In this paper, we simulate the effects of tax reforms aimed at encouraging healthier grain consumption. We use a rich data set on household grain consumption in 2003 from the market research institute GfK Sweden, combined with information on the nutritional content of the consumption. We estimate behavioral parameters, which are used to simulate the impact on the average household of tax reforms e
Previous work has suggested that given a hospital's need to admit more patients from the emergency department (ED), high inpatient bed occupancy may encourage premature hospital discharges that favor the hospital's need for beds over patients' medical interests. We argue that the effects of such action would be measurable as a greater proportion of unplanned hospital readmissions among patients di
We performed a large nested case-control study within the Finnish and Icelandic maternity cohorts to verify/falsify the association of maternal EBV infection with an increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the offspring found in previous studies. All hematologic malignancies diagnosed among children born during 1983 to 2006 in Finland and 1997 to 2005 in Iceland were identified thr
In this article, results from a series of studies on the relationships between socioeconomic factors and stroke processes (stroke unit care, acute reperfusion treatment, secondary prevention with oral anticoagulants and statins) and outcomes (long-term survival, return to work and risk of suicide and suicide attempts) are summarized. The overall pattern is that acute and secondary prevention inter
Context: Residential care homes (RCHs) are a common place of death. Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of symptoms such as pain and shortness of breath among residents in the last week of life. Objectives: The aim of the study was to explore the presence of symptoms and symptom relief and identify factors associated with symptom relief of pain, nausea, anxiety, and shortness of breat
Adverse drug events (ADEs) are an increasingly relevant issue for healthcare systems as they are associated with poorer health outcomes and avoidable misuse of resources. The rates of ADEs are higher in the elderly population, as many older patients have comorbidities, multiple drug prescriptions and deteriorated physical and cognitive functioning. The occurrence of ADEs can lead to a perceived la
Background: Although effective return-to-work (RTW) interventions are not widely available for individuals with common mental disorders on sick leave, there is potential for transforming such interventions into a digital solution in an effort to make them more widely available. However, little is currently known about the viewpoints of different stakeholder groups, which are critical for successfu
BACKGROUND: Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy in adolescents living with HIV is a global challenge. One of the key strategies to improve adherence is believed to be the use of digital adherence tools. However, evidence is limited in this area. Our objective was to investigate the effectiveness of mobile phone text message reminders in improving ART adherence for adolescents.METHODS: The pre
Little is known about the contribution of the private health sector in managing malaria cases and contributing to malaria prevention and control efforts in Ethiopia. We assessed 102 private health facilities and 92 drug outlets in 20 districts of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, for their provision of malaria-specific services. Of the assessed health facilities 86% provided such services. Diagnosi
The present paper reports different applications which have a common data source: Automatic Road Analyzer (ARAN) of the Transport Infrastructure Laboratory of the University of Catania. Data surveyed with ARAN were used to develop performance indicators of the road asset. A BIM model makes possible to improve the flexibility in information access and to merge data with the aim to allow a complete
