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In this study a modified mid-ranging strategy is proposed where the controller for the secondary manipulated variable uses its own output as its setpoint, possibly with an offset and/or re-scaling. This modification allows the manipulated variables to increase in unison so that the mid-ranging advantage of utilizing the fast dynamics of the primary controller to regulate the process can be achieve

Stationary and mobile field gamma spectrometry is a useful tool for rapid estimation of environmental radioactivity inventories on and in the ground. A weak point however, is that the depth distribution of the activity in the ground must be known in order to calculate the true activity per unit area or unit mass from an observed photon fluence rate. A promising method for converting incoming spect

The population sizes of five perennial vascular plant species confined to old unimproved dry grasslands were assessed, viz. Anthericum ramosum, Filipendula vulgaris, Silene nutans, Thymus pulegioides, and Thymus serpyllum. All populations within the region were included. Only for Filipendula vulgaris and Thymus serpyllum, significant relationships between habitat area and population size were foun

The size and shape of the cockerel comb, ran be regarded as secondary sexual characters or sexual ornaments. Sexual characters are assumed to be costly to express and the expression of a secondary sexual character is suggested to be favourably correlated with the bearer's condition or fitness. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of selection for male sexual characters, the correlated

Abstract The contribution of biofilm and artificial feeds for the growth of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis reared in tanks and net cages were evaluated by using stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analysis. In the net cage experiment, mass balance and mixing equations showed that the biofilm contribution to shrimp growth was over 49% of carbon and 70% of nitrogen. These data suggest that the

Northern Europe was capped by ice during Weichsel (Wurm), the maximum of which occurred approximately 18,000 years before present. When in the latter part of the 19(th) century the view of an all-devastating land ice (the tabula rasa hypothesis) was generally adopted by natural scientists, plant biogeographers used a simple model predicting a post-glacial, northwards re-migration of species in con

The hyperfine-structure splitting for the 4 and 52P1/2 states of sodium was measured using step-wise laser excitation combined with rf-resonance techniques. The magnetic dipole interaction constants were found to be a(42P1/2)=30.4(5) MHz and a(52P1/2) =13.3(2) MHz. The results are compared with a theoretical calculation, taking polarization effects into account.

We have measured the oscillator strength of the Ni I line at 6300.34Å, which is known to be blended with the forbidden line [O I]lambda6300 used for the determination of the oxygen abundance in coolstars. We also give wavelengths of the two isotopic line components of⁵⁸Ni and ⁶⁰Ni derived from the asymmetriclaboratory line profile. These two line components of Ni I have to be

Popular Abstract in Swedish Maligna mjukdelstumörer, så kallade mjukdelssarkom, utgör hos vuxna en ovanlig tumörform som uppkommer i kroppens stödjevävnader. Till dessa räknas muskler, fett, bindväv, slemsäckar samt kärl och nerver som försörjer dessa vävnader. Trots att stödjevävnaderna omfattar mer än hälften av den totala kroppsvikten, utgör mjukdelssarkomen mindre än 1 % av alla maligna tumöreIn adult soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the extremities and trunk wall, improved prognostic factors are needed to identify patients at high-risk for metastasis. Various factors are included in the many prognostic systems currently in use and the prognostic value of immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of biological markers is unclear. The tissue-preserving, high throughput tissue microarray (TMA) te

We investigate the scattering and multiple scattering of a typical laser beam (lambda= 800 nm) in the intermediate scattering regime. The turbid media used in this work are homogeneous solutions of monodisperse polystyrene spheres in distilled water. The two-dimensional distribution of light intensity is recorded experimentally, and calculated via Monte Carlo simulation for both forward and side s

Experimental studies helped to compare methods for determining and calculating total heat resistance of clothing sets accepted by Russian and international standards. Findings are that difference in the total heat resistance values calculated on humans and on dummies in relatively still air and quiet conditions is caused by measurement technique applied. Significant difference in the total heat re

Current atrial fibrillation (AF) management guidelines suggest that initially a decision must be made to apply either a rate control or rhythm control strategy in the individual patient. However, patients' selection remains substantially empirical and the strategy initially chosen often proves unsuccessful and alternative therapies must be adopted. Thus, it seems desirable to develop and apply tes

Popular Abstract in Swedish Infektioner i urinvägar, tarm och luftvägar orsakas av bakterier som speciellt anpassats till respektive vävnad. Infektionen börjar med att bakterien binder till slemhinneytan, och därmed sätter igång inflammation och försvar. Urinvägsinfektioner (UVI) är en värdefull modell för att förstå de molekylära detaljerna som avgör balansen mellan värd och bakterie. UVI orsakaBacterial adhesion to the bladder mucosa is a critical step for the establishment of Escherichia coli bacteriuria. The P-fimbriae, encoded by the pap gene cluster, are considered as virulence factors but the mechanisms have been debated. This study defined the roles for P fimbriation during the early colonization of the human urinary tract. Patients with recurrent UTI were first subjected to deli

Numerous economic recovery packages have been implemented to stimulate green economic growth through the deployment of low-carbon technologies. The emerging literature shows, however, that there is substantial ambiguity and discrepancy about how to measure the performance of policy instruments driving a Green Economy in general, and in our case, a Green Energy Economy (GEE) in particular. Identifi

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of storage in fat-free cheese on physical properties, microstructure and primary proteolysis up to 28 days of storage