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Bicycle planning – A literature review

Ökad cykling har stor betydelse för ett hållbart transportsystem. För att öka andelen resor med cykel måste dock trafik- och cykelplaneringen ta itu med ett flertal olika problem. Det är emellertid inte alltid fullständigt klart vad som behövs gällande planering för att öka cyklingen. Denna rapport är resultatet av en litteraturstudie om hur olika faktor kopplade till cykelplanering påverkar benägIncreased bicycling is of great importance for a sustainable transport system. This report is the result of a literature study concerning how different factors associated with bicycle planning influence the propensity to choose the bicycle for transportation. The literature study was carried out in the search engine GoogleScholar and only scientific papers, articles and books were included. Throug

Why precommercial procurement is not innovation procurement

In 2006 the European Commission introduced the concept of "Pre-Commercial Procurement" as an instrument to promote innovation and to mitigate grand challenges. One of the main motivations for the support of Pre-Commercial Procurement schemes was to use public needs as a driver for innovation. This concept was also introduced as a response to the need to reinforce the innovation capabilities of the

Arrested dynamics in a model peptide hydrogel system

We report here on a peptide hydrogel system, which in contrast to most other such systems, is made up of relatively short fibrillar aggregates, discussing resemblance with colloidal rods. The synthetic model peptides A8K and A10K, where A denotes alanine and K lysine, self-assemble in aqueous solutions into ribbon-like aggregates having an average length 〈L〉 on the order of 100 nm and with a diame

VariBench: A Benchmark Database for Variations

Several computational methods have been developed for predicting the effects of rapidly expanding variation data. Comparison of the performance of tools has been very difficult as the methods have been trained and tested with different datasets. Until now, unbiased and representative benchmark datasets have been missing. We have developed a benchmark database suite, VariBench, to overcome this pro

Comparison of vulnerability and reliability analysis of technical infrastructures

The society depends on reliable and robust services provided by technical infrastructures for its function. The impact of large-scale outages due to the inherent vulnerabilities of technical infrastructures has been demonstrated, for example, by the power outage in the U.S. in 2003 and the power outages in Sweden due to the storms Gudrun in January 2005 and Per in January 2007. Two of the main app

Field studies of chloride transport into high-performance concrete

High-performance concrete slabs have been field exposed at the Traslovslage marine field station at the Swedish west coast since April 1992 as a part of the Cementa/Euroc sponsored project, "Durability of Marine Concrete Structures." The concrete slabs mounted on a floating pontoon are exposed in three exposure zones: submerged, splash, and upper splash zones. The results after two years of exposu

Genetic diversity and evolution in eukaryotic phytoplankton : Revelations from population genetic studies

Eukaryotic phytoplankton exhibit an enormous species richness, displaying a range of phylogenetic, morphological and physiological diversity. Yet, until recently, very little was known about the diversity, genetic variation and evolutionary processes within species and populations. An approach to explore this diversity and to understand evolution of phytoplankton is to use population genetics as a

Impact of variations in residential use of household electricity on the energy and power demand for space heating – Variations from measurements in 1000 apartments

Low energy buildings are usually characterized by a very well insulated building envelope and an efficient ventilation system that makes use of the heat in the exhaust air. Internal heat gains from residents and their use of appliances can cover the heating demand to a certain extent. The magnitude of internal heat gains that cover demand are often modelled in a simplified way and thus can be asso

Models of Leaving Home: Patterns and Trends in Sweden, 1830–1959

In this study, we examine the development of age at leaving the parental household in Sweden between the years 1830-1959. We utilize individual-level longitudinal data from two geographically and socioeconomically different regions: the county of Scania in the very south of Sweden, and Västerbotten to the north. We use descriptive and multivariate analyses to investigate how determinants, such as

The interplay of formal and informal institutions between local and regional authorities when creating well-functioning public transport systems

This paper analyzes how public transport planning is managed in institutional contexts where governance is spread across local and regional scales. The paper sheds light on two facets of the relationship between local and regional government: first, the decision-making process regarding where to provide public transport services and at what level, and second, integration of public transport with l

Bayesian Network Applications for Sustainable Holistic Water Resources Management : Modeling Opportunities for South Africa

Anthropogenic transformation of land globally is threatening water resources in terms of quality and availability. Managing water resources to ensure sustainable utilization is important for a semiarid country such as South Africa. Bayesian networks (BNs) are probabilistic graphical models that have been applied globally to a range of water resources management studies; however, there has been ver

How does sharing travel experiences on social media improve social and personal ties?

Sharing travel experience on social media has become an important element of many people’s lifestyle, whether it be as a hobby, personal expression, economic rewards or other purposes. While previous studies have extensively investigated the significant role of social media in the sharing of travel experience and how it influences the travel decisions of others, very little research has examined o

Leva ekologiskt- eller bara ibland. Påverkas vi av miljömärkningen?

In one year we Swedes consume approximately 800 kg food which means that the consumer choices we make in the stores is very important for both our health and environment. Health and environmental issues are now well-publicized debates and how consumers can affect our environment and our health are important issues. These environmental and health issues has become like a trend among consumers in se

Expectations of Sport Event Tourism Experiences

Purpose: This research aims to study potential tourists’ expectations of sport event tourism experiences and discuss whether having past sport event tourism experiences influence tourists’ expectations for future trip experiences. Methods: This research combines a literature study, a qualitative study and a quantitative study. The literature review aimed to define a framework of sport event touri

Lånecykelsystem - en lösning för att minska utläppen av växthusgaser?

Bike sharing systems can be found in an ever-increasing number of cities around the world. In many of these cities, bike sharing system have been very successful. In Lund, one of the objectives of the bike sharing system, Lundahoj, was to get car commuters to change travel mode to bike sharing in combination with public transport and thus decrease the emission of green house gases. The aim of this

Pro-life, Positioning and Imperialism - A Critical Discourse Analysis of U.S. Foreign Aid Statements on Abortion and Reproductive Health

This thesis uses Critical Discourse Analysis to explore how the practice of abortion is defined and created in U.S. presidential administrations’ statements on foreign aid, how the discourses regarding abortion and reproductive health have changed between 1984-2019 and how the U.S. foreign aid statements on reproductive health can be understood through postcolonial feminist theory. When the presid

Synchronization in PON as Mobile Backhaul Network

In order to meet the ever-increasing demand for bandwidth and reducing the Operational Expense (OpEx), mobile backhaul networks are evolving from circuit-switched networks to packet-switched or IP networks. Passive Optical Network (PON) is one of many transport technologies deployed in mobile backhaul network. PON as mobile backhaul network has lots of advantages, such as providing very large band

Digital Remains and End of Life Traditions

In this article we present a concept for a ubiquitous service that allows memories to be saved and stored during an individual's lifetime and later, after death, for those digital remains to be published and experienced at the specific geographic location where they were created. Through this concept we explore ways to combine modern technology with century old habits at the end of life. We as