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Recent research has used the work of Douglas North as the foundation on which the case of institutions as ultimate driver of development could be built.North describes institutions as 'the humanly devised constraints that shape human interaction'. These arepowerful metaphors for us who are accustomed to think in terms of'constrained maximization' as the rule guiding personal actions. This book exp

A 1-m normal-incidence monochromator has been designed and installed on a bending-magnet beam line at the MAX storage ring in Lund. The optical properties of the beam line have been investigated via ray-tracing studies and with flux measurements of the beam line-monochromator combination. A resolution of 0.9 Å at 919.8 Å was measured in first-order diffraction with an argon hollow-cathode lamp for

Since the first report of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, the research in nanocarrier based antitumor drugs has been intense. The field has been devoted to treatment of cancer by exploiting EPR-based accumulation of nanocarriers in solid tumors, which for many years was considered to be a ubiquitous phenomenon. However, the understanding of differences in the EPR-effect betwe

Plasma metabolomics holds potential for precision medicine, but limited information is available to compare the performance of such methods across multiple cohorts. We compared plasma metabolite profiles after an overnight fast in 11,309 participants of five population-based Swedish cohorts (50–80 years, 52% women). Metabolite profiles were uniformly generated at a core laboratory (Metabolon Inc.)

Klimatförändringar och social rättvisa är två sammanlänkade utmaningar för städer och kommuner. I takt med att miljö- och klimatkriserna förvärras blir behovet av att sammanlänka ekologisk och social hållbarhet alltmer centralt för städers och kommuners omställning. Tidigare separata åtgärder för dessa områden har ofta misslyckats med att tillvarata synergier och hantera motsättningar. Projektet u

The first years of life are a critical period of development, and circumstances during this period can affect individuals throughout life. But to what extent do disadvantaged circumstances in childhood affect individual wellbeing in later life and for whom? Can interventions in childhood break adversity over the life course? For whom are interventions most effective and why? This thesis aims to in

Plast präglar i stort sett allting i det moderna livet och bidrar till miljöförstöring och avfallsgenerering på global nivå. Denna avhandling undersöker hur plastavfall blev djupt inbäddat i Sveriges kulturella, politiska och ekonomiska strukturer. Med hjälp av ett ramverk baserat på kulturell politisk ekonomi (CPE) används tre perspektiv - hegemoni, inlåsningseffekter och praktiker - för att analPlastic disposability is a pervasive feature of modern life, contributing to environmental degradation and waste generation on a global scale. This dissertation investigates how plastic disposability became deeply embedded within Sweden's cultural, political, and economic structures. Using a Cultural Political Economy (CPE) framework, it applies three lenses – hegemony, lock-in, and practice – to

I förskolan slängs en tredjedel av maten Matsvinnet har hamnat i fokus de senaste åren på grund av bland annat dess påverkan på klimat och miljö. Matsvinn är ätbar mat som slängs. Globalt sett slängs ungefär 1,3 miljarder ton mat varje år. Ungefär en tredjedel av all mat slängs istället för att hamna i någons mage. I Sverige slängs 1,3 miljoner ton, vilket är en tiondel av den globala mängden matsOne third of food produced for human consumption ends up as food waste. Globally this amounts to about 1.3 billion ton per year. Food waste are large amounts of food that are thrown away, but could have been eaten if treated in a different way. Food waste means waste of resources such as land, water, and energy. In high-income countries like Sweden the largest food waste occurs at consumption stag

Bygg- och fastighetssektorn är en av de sektorer som släpper ut mest växthusgaser. Under ett enskilt år så svarar byggbranschen för utsläpp av växthusgaser på 21 miljoner ton koldioxidekvivalenter, vilket motsvarar 21 procent av Sveriges totala utsläpp. Av det totala utsläppet på 21 miljoner koldioxidekvivalenter så kommer 12,8 miljoner ton från inhemska utsläpp av växthusgaser och 8,2 miljoner toThe building and real estate sector is one of the sectors that emits the most greenhouse gases. For a single year, the construction industry is responsible for greenhouse gas emissions of 21 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, which corresponds to 21 per cent of Sweden's total emissions. Of the total emissions of 21 million carbon dioxide equivalents, 12.8 million tons come from domesti

With the foreign political turbulence after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the world came into a change. The post-cold war environment meant that the politics of the bipolarity no longer were the case. This period leads to pressure in redefining Sweden’s foreign and security policy, resulting in an emergence of a different commitment to the countries neutrality and non-alignment. In the light of Kje

Förtroende inom outsourcing har granskats av flera forskare under de senaste decennierna. Den här uppsatsen ger en förståelse av faktorer som påverkar förtroende i en outsourcing relation, samt ger en praktisk insikt i hur det ömsesidiga förtroendet mellan kund och leverantör kan förbättras. Det empiriska materialet består av djupintervjuer med experter från olika branscher. Forskningen utgör värdTrust and outsourcing have been a profound object of studies examined by several researchers in the last decades. This thesis offers an understanding of factors that affect trust in an outsourcing relationship as well as it provides practical insight of how to improve mutual trust between client and supplier. The data was gathered through in-depth interviews with experts from different industries.

The growing interest in sustainable development indicators (SDI) has resulted in the development and application of various SDI frameworks in the past two decades. Identification and selection of “right” indicators with such frameworks are essential, in the sense that, it is the information from these indicators that will help policy and decision makers to better understand the efficiency, effecti

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to design a trial that could evaluate the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy as a group-intervention for multiple sclerosis patients with psychological distress. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with assessment at pretreatment, end of treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. SUBJECTS: Multiple sclerosis outpatients with elevated symptoms of anxiety and/

Climate change and disasters pose a serious risk to sustainable development. In the South local coping strategies are an important element of adaptation to climate and disaster risk. Such strategies have arisen because of the limited assistance provided by urban actors and associated social security and governance systems. In contrast, in the North local coping strategies are comparatively poorly

Many countries have established disaster risk management systems. These systems involve various parties and aim to maximize resources and use their diverse expertise to manage disaster risks. In such systems, sharing risk and vulnerability assessments (RVAs) between stakeholders is the most common way to communicate risk-related information. This study investigates communication challenges linked

A performance-based service life design format based on climatic exposure on one hand and "resistance" of materials against mould growth on the other hand, is presented in this paper. A limit state for onset of mould growth is defined as the occurrence of traces of mould observed by microscopy. A dose-response model is proposed by which onset of mould growth can be predicted for an arbitrary clima

Emergency and crisis management research is tightly coupled to practical problems. Yet, within that research tradition, surprisingly little has been done in terms of developing a practice of design research. The present report presents literature surveys aimed at investigating how, and to what extent, such research has been conducted. Although the focus is on command and control problems the mater