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Popular Abstract in Swedish Ljusspridning och absorption i biologisk vävnad - modeller och mätningar Visionerna är stora i medicingruppen på avdelningen för atomfysik, LTH, nämligen att utveckla nya metoder för förfinad diagnostik och selektiv behandling av cancer, hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar med hjälp av laserljus. Möjligheten till att med ljus detektera och karakterisera sjuk vävnad, exempelvis tIn this work a number of theoretical models, describing light propagation in matter, have been applied to and developed for the examination of tissue. The aim was to model the light scattering and absorption in tissue in order to improve the understanding of underlying mechanisms of laser-based diagnostics and treatment modalities utilised for cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The models studied

Over the years, technological developments and societal changes have forced companies to modify their organizing practices. Companies operating in the construction sector are no exception, but due to their project-based structure, it is more difficult to coordinate change initiatives. Indeed, the construction sector is often described as conservative and unwilling to adopt change. However, there i

Transportation should become sustainable and available to everyone. Currently, transportation accounts for approx. one sixth of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally, and heavy-duty trucks are responsible for almost 30% of that. When fossil diesel fuel is burned in a compression ignition engine, known as a diesel engine, it releases large amounts of CO2, a GHG, into the air. GHGs confine heat in

The scheme of concepts we employ in daily life to explain intentional behaviour form a belief-desire model (BD model), in which motivating states are sorted into two suitably broad categories. The BD model embeds a philosophy of action, i.e. a set of assumptions about the ontology of motivation with subsequent restrictions on psychologising and norms of practical reason. A comprehensive critique o

BACKGROUND: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is characterized by tachypnea and signs of respiratory distress. Transient tachypnea typically appears within the first two hours of life in term and late preterm newborns. Supportive management might be sufficient. Non-invasive (i.e. without endotracheal intubation) respiratory support may, however, be administered to reduce respiratory distres

The rapid expansion of the university sector has channelled many students into study programs that lead to employment in new kinds of jobs, occupations and professional groups. There are three main reasons why more and more occupations get their training within the university system  (a)    The qualification and competence level of the labour force has been raised, due to changes in the economy an

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. It is most commonly treated by the surgical removal of the tumour in combination with (neo)-adjuvant therapy (hormone, chemo- or radio- therapy before or after surgery). However, a large number of patients are over treated, with approximately 60% being given adjuvant therapy when already cured by surgery alone. This causes many undesirable

This thesis is intended to make a contribution to ongoing efforts to enhance our understanding of the “popular” in the study of politics through a critical examination of the uses and constructions of the people in Turkish politics since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923, to the present in order to distinguish between different modalities of appeals to the “people” and their implic

We studied avian development in 49 to 153 species of temperate and tropical New World passerine birds to determine how growth rates, and incubation and nestling periods, varied in relation to other life-history traits. We collected growth data and generated unbiased mass and tarsus growth rate estimates (mass n = 92 species, tarsus n = 49 species), and measured incubation period (n = 151) and nest

This paper revises the design process for closed-loop combustion control based on in-cycle feedback. Methods for the necessary observers, detectors and virtual sensors are also discussed. The control problem tackles the indicated efficiency optimization, following two approaches, direct and indirect optimization. The argumentation provides a comprehensive overview on how to specify and integrate d

As the world continues to see an increase in carbon dioxide emissions, actions aiming towards reducing man's negative impact on the environment are paramount. To be able to compete with the air travel industry, the Swedish Transport Administration suggests a vast expansion of the existing railway system. This includes the construction of high speed railroads connecting the largest urban areas

Light-matter interactions can be used to probe both light and matter as they yield information on a system's state. On the ultrafast timescale, it is possible to employ these interactions to probe fast-occurring phenomena. In particular, one of the few tools for ultrafast spectroscopy are coherent attosecond XUV pulses: light pulses in the extreme ultraviolet range (XUV) whose typical duration

Keywords Practice, Practice theory, Supply chain and Logistics, Management, Logistics manager, Managerial work, Shadowing, “Two case” case study, Greece Thesis Purpose The aim of this thesis is to provide a deep insight into the logistics managers’ work practices as well as to introduce, apply and contribute in the development of a new theory in the service management domain, which is the practi

An LSS resident has been built, a resident with users that suffers from mental disabilities, a passive house by Karnfastigheter. In this project the technology of the passive house concept has been applied on a new area. An evaluation of the passive house Prisman 7 will show if the building works as projected. The energy values are taken from the building when it is in operational condition. The c

Multinational Corporations (MNCs) or Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) are of great importance in the global economy. A great amount of international trade is either between multinational corporations or within a multinational corporation, which is called intra-firm trade. Therefore, intra-firm trade is also of importance in the global economy. The price used in intra-firm trade is called transfer

In order to better understand impact of extreme weather events on condition of crop vegetation in Ukraine, analysis of agricultural droughts which occurred in the southern region of Ukraine, between years 2000-2012 was conducted in the current research. Method of the research In the current research, the impact of droughts was analyzed on yearly basis by assessing vegetation conditions and compar

This thesis examines the impact on traditional knowledge holders' right to culture of corporate appropriation of traditional knowledge for the purpose of developing new medicines. The questions addressed are: - Does the behaviour of pharmaceutical companies in relation to traditional knowledge infringe on the right to culture of original knowledge holders? - What regulation of bioprospecting a

It is clear that media advertising is one of the crucial marketing tools for companies in order to promote their products and services. As we are moving towards more and more economic integration, both on a regional and global scale, the question about standardisation of media advertising has become increasingly important and is nowadays subject to discussion in most international companies. This

A receiver that covers several RF bands requires multiple front-end filters which increases the cost in terms of components and/or board/silicon area. Front-end filters assist a receiver to withstand interference at multiples of its down-conversion frequency. Analog discrete-time filters have gained a lot of traction lately, mainly due to their promising architecture, achieving baseband filtering,