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A powerful cartel forces customers to pay significantly more for products and eliminates competition since its participants do not need to improve their productivity or the quality of their products. Cartels have historically exercised great influence over the international economy. During the inter-war period cartels were so powerful that economists have estimated that international cartels contr

The issue of possession of the air has been debated over literally thousands of years. The Romans debated the ownership of the air above their cornfields. When man finally could construct aircraft, in this case a balloon, heavier-than-air in the 1780's it did not take long before the first regulation came into force. The issue of state sovereignty had been discussed since the national states s

There are a limited number of scientific studies concerned with the evaluation of DSS in general, and even less concerned with the evaluation of DSS in a clinical context. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical DSS at the Department of Orthopedics at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in order to answer how one should evaluate clinical DSS. We have in our study created a research frame

Queuing during evacuation is a phenomenon that has to be regarded when designing large buildings with high occupant loads. In theory it would be possible to eliminate or at least reduce the queuing time when evacuating a building if the building is designed with a large number of exits. The problem is that exits equal money and for that reason it has to be assumed that the building constructors’ a

This thesis aim is to test the world of compliance ideal type, which concerns the Central and Eastern European (CEE) member states of the European Union. The ideal type theory categorizes the CEE as fast and adequate in transposing legal acts though particularly bad in practical implementation. The thesis has a theory testing aproach and with hope of developing the existing model. In order to pull

A laboratory study was executed to investigate the effect of surfactants to enhance sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminants in loess soil. Phenanthrene and naphthalene were chosen as organic contaminant indicators in loess soil modi. fied by the cation surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) bromide. The kinetic behavior of sorption during transport in natural and modi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Alla levande organismer består av celler som tillsammans med molekyler generellt kallade extracellulär matrix bildar en vävnad. Celler innehåller fyra huvudgrupper av byggstenar: socker, fettsyror, aminosyror och nukleotider, vilka i tur och ordning bildar kolhydrater, fetter, proteiner och nukleinsyror. I vävnaderna pågår en ständig omsättning av byggstenarna och molekThis thesis describes structural and functional studies of alpha-1-microglobulin (a1m), a 26 kDa plasma and tissue protein that is evolutionarily well-conserved and belongs to the lipocalin superfamily. The lipocalins are polypeptides of 160-190-amino acids that are folded into an 8-stranded beta-barrel forming a pocket with a hydrophobic interior. a1m carries heterogeneous yellow-brown chromophor

The moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) wastewater treatment process is usually designed based on the assumption that all activity in the process occurs in the biofilm on the MBBR carriers, although there is always some active biomass in the bulk liquid due to biofilm sloughing and, sometimes, free-growing bacteria. In this study the removal of organic matter is evaluated in laboratory-scale MBBR re

Background. The conventional treatment for poststernotomy mediastinitis usually involves surgical revision, closed irrigation, or reconstruction with omentum or pectoral muscle flaps. Recently, vacuum-assisted closure has been successfully used in poststernotomy mediastinitis. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical outcome and survival in 101 patients undergoing vacuum-assisted c

Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda skillnader och likheter mellan syndikerade lån och syndikerade garantier. De garantier som behandlas är demandgarantier samt standby letters of credit. Dessa garantier är speciellt anpassade för de krav som ställs på den internationella transaktionsmarknaden. Standby letters of credit eller standby remburser har utvecklats för att motsvara demandgarantier och dThis thesis aims to investigate differences and similarities between syndicated loans and syndicated guarantees. For this purpose I have chosen to examine demand guarantees and standby letters of credit. These guarantees are especially adjusted and well suited for challenges on the international transaction market. Standby letters of credit have been developed to match demand guarantees and the sp

For any acquisition to take place the assets to be sold must be valued. Some argue that an asset is worth whatever an acquirer is willing to pay for it at any given time. We believe that there is an underlying value (intrinsic value) that depends on the expected future cash flows of the asset and the risk associated with these cash flows. There exist several methods for estimating this value. Trad

Background When projects and programmes are becoming ever more present in many of today’s organizations, these are also playing an increasingly important role in implementing the corporate strategy. This thesis is focusing on internal change initiatives, named BT initiatives, which aims at implementing substantial changes to the current organization. Due to the size of the initiatives and their im

This thesis is meant to be a simple introduction to the field of the Artificial Neural Networks and a survey of the possibility of using neural networks in fault diagnosis of sand moulding machines manufactured by DISA. The purpose of the survey is to give an indication of the direction the future work should take in order to obtain a sustainable solution for the use of artificial neural networks

Title: The Business of Sustainability – A critical study of the concept of sustainability and its practical applications Seminar date: 2012-06-01 Course: Master thesis in Business Administration, 30 University Credit Points (30 ECTS). Authors: Adam Hjort & Klara Kingsvik Advisor: Jens Rennstam Five key words: Sustainable development, Sustainability in practice, Strategy, CSR, Discourse analysi

The present work is an interdisciplinary and theoretical study on the topic of identity and the development of collective consciousness; an investigation of the ways in which people feel about and operate with their identities today. Identities are seen as a process circumscribed by the continuous struggle between the individual need for self-fulfillment and the demands of social structure and col

Motivationen med studien var den alldeles för höga stråldosen som används vid CTundersökningar. I de allra flesta fallen anpassas man inte rörströmmen efter patientens storlek och därmed får smalare patienter en onödigt hög stråldos. Målet var att reducera stråldosen till patienter som undersöks med datortomografi utan att minska på bildkvalité, genom att anpassa rörströmmen efter patientens stoIn this study we have investigated the possibilities of dose reduction in CT at a constant level of image quality by adjustment of the tube current to the phantom size. The motivation with the study is the high radiation doses to the patients and the increasing frequency of CT examinations and the variety of examinations in CT, and that the same tube current is used for different patient sizes. Ac

Syftet med denna studie var att utvärdera säkerhetsmarginalerna som läggs kring ett målorgan (tex prostata) vid extern strålterapi. Resultaten kan senare ligga till grund för reducering av säkerhetsmarginalerna, detta för att skydda strål-känslig frisk vävnad från onödig bestrålning. En delstudie var också att försöka finna ett mönster hos prostatans rörelse vid de inledande behandlingstillfällena"Introduction: This thesis is a study of the margins that are necessary in prostate cancer radio therapy treatment. The aim was to analyse the intrafraction motion of the prostate gland during treatment, by the use of portal imaging, in order to optimize the margin around the prostate gland and spare healthy tissue. One of the purposes was to find a common pattern in prostate movement in the

Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka gränsdragningsproblematiken med ett icke-lagstadgat kategoriseringsbegrepp. Begreppet Tillverkningsprocessen i industriell verksamhet är något av en gråzon, detta då det aldrig haft en lagstadgad definition och omfattningen av begreppet har förändrats över tid på olika sätt. Genom vissa tolkningsförändringar har en del företag kunnat förlora rätten till skatteläThe purpose of this essay is to examine the boundary problem with a non-legislated categorization concept. The concept of the manufacturing process in industrial activity is somewhat of a gray area, as it has never had a legis-lated definition and the scope of the concept has changed over time in dif-ferent ways. Through interpretation changes, some companies have lost the right to the tax relief.

Salinity Gradient Power - Reverse Electrodialysis (SGP-RED) is a promising membrane-based technology to harvest the energy of mixing from solutions of different ionic concentration. Unfortunately, currently available commercial ion exchange membranes – being not specifically designed for RED – are far from satisfying the requirements of this operation, especially when operated with hyper-concentra