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It was recently found that the information-to-work conversion in a quantum Szilard engine can be increased by using a working medium of bosons with attractive interactions. In the original scheme, the work output depends on the insertion and removal position of an impenetrable barrier that acts like a piston, separating the chambers of the engine. Here, we show that the barrier removal process can

A convenient mapping and an efficient algorithm for solving scheduling problems within the neural network paradigm is presented. It is based on a reduced encoding scheme and a mean field annealing prescription which was recently successfully applied to TSP.Most scheduling problems are characterized by a set of hard and soft constraints. The prime target of this work is the hard constraints. In thi

The localization of gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ and L‐glutamate 1 carboxy‐lyase (GAD)‐immunoreactive neurons was compared in the skate, frog, pigeon, chicken, rabbit, and man. Horizontal cells show both GABA and GAD immunoreactivity in the skate, frog, and bird. Certain amacrine cells show GABA and GAD immunoreactivity in all species. The distribution of GABA‐ and GAD‐immunoreactive cell bodie

Pre-understanding – our presuppositions of reality – underlies all research. Many researchers probably also draw productively on their pre-understanding in their studies. However, very few rationales and methodological resources exist for how researchers can enrich their research by mobilizing their pre-understanding more actively and systematically. We elaborate and propose a framework for how re

Defining psychiatric and mental health nursing has been a challenge for decades, and it is still difficult to find a comprehensive definition. We have identified a possibility to clarify psychiatric and mental health nursing based on humanistic philosophy in a general psychiatric care context. The aim was therefore to identify and synthesize the theoretical frameworks from which psychiatric and me

This book studies the interplay of economic philosophy and moral conduct as reflected in the writings of one of the most renowned scholars in Islamic history, Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (d. 1111). Al-Ghazālī contributed to Islamic theology, philosophy, and Sufism but is also regarded as one of the forerunners of classical economic thought in Islamic tradition.Al-Ghazālī made seminal contributions to the

OMG! Cancer Riddle Almost Solved, or what?! Cancer, which has been described as the disease of the 21st century and compared to the plaque, has for long been of greatest interest and confusion to researchers. Today, cancer is among the most common diseases worldwide. In 2012, 14 million new cases and 8.2 million deaths were reported. The various cancer types are in general classified from what ti

Lojalitetsplikten är en rättsprincip inom framför allt avtalsrätten som i stort innebär att en part i viss utsträckning även ska tillvarata sin motparts intressen så att denne inte lider skada. Lojalitetsplikten gäller både före, under och efter avtalsförhållandet, men vilka rättsföljder som följer när en part inte uppfyller lojalitetsplikten är oklart och beror på olika faktorer, som till exempelThe duty of loyalty is a principle within the Swedish contract law which basically means that a party also has to consider its counterparts interest and make sure that, to some extent, the counterpart does not get damaged financially. The duty of loyalty as a principle takes effect before, during and after the contractual relationship. What a breach of the principle will lead to all depends on wha

Abstract Title: A holistic study of the factors influencing the co-creation process in the B2B market from two perspectives v Date of the seminar: 25.05.2016 Course: ENTN39 Master‘s Corporate Entrepreneurship and Innovation Internship and degree project (Master‘s thesis 15 ECTS) Supervisor: Joakim Winborg Research questions: What factors influence the co-creation process in a B2B context from

The effect of future changes in temperature and precipitation patterns on arctic ecosystem functioning is often assessed using state-of-the-art ecosystem models. Many models however lack detailed representation of wintertime processes, as pointed out by recent studies (Wang et al. 2016, Slater and Lawrence 2013). This bias may influence the derived outputs, such as soil temperature, permafrost ext

Centralt för uppsatsen är Leo-lagen som tillkom efter en företagsskandal på 1980-talet där ledande befattningshavare i AB Leo fått teckna aktier i bolaget till fördelaktiga villkor. Leo-lagen som nu återfinns i 16 kap. ABL stadgar att ett beslut om nyemission måste fattas av bolagsstämman med minst nio tiondelars majoritet om de som ska ha rätt att teckna aktier ingår i den av Leo-lagen utpekade fIn the centre of this paper is the 16 chapter of the Swedish Companies Act (Sw. aktiebolagslag (2005:551) (ABL)). The law was adopted after a big company scandal in Sweden during the 1980s where officials in the company where given shares at profitable terms. To prevent this scandal from occurring again the law states that a decision to issue new shares to officials has to be made at the annual sh

The world today faces many different environmental problems, which has a negative effect. These are both global, regional and local, which means that they affect all people. To be able to overcome this and be able to promote a long-term sustainability, it is essential that all contribute and take responsibility for it. An example of doing this is to get more people to commute rather than using the

Domstolarnas uppgift att verka för förlikningar har fått allt större prioritet sedan Rättegångsbalkens införande. När parterna lyckas nå en förlikning i en tvist som är anhängiggjord i domstol kan de välja att begära stadfästelse. Om avtalet reglerar den sak som talan rör ska rätten stadfästa avtalet i en dom. Denna dom får sedan rättskraft och frågan i målet kan därmed inte prövas igen. För att nThe courts’ task of trying to reach a conciliation between parts in a dispute has gained increasing priority since the Swedish Civil procedure law came into force. When parties successfully reach an agreement in a dispute pending in court, they can request ratification. If the agreement addresses the subject matter of the claim, the court will ratify the agreement through a judgment. Through the r

Facebook kan vara ett verktyg för kommuner, regioner och myndigheter (offentlig sektor) att nå ut till medborgare med sin verksamhet. Att producera innehåll på Facebook och administrera en Facebooksida innebär att personuppgifter behandlas, vilket i sin tur innebär att EU:s allmänna dataskyddsförordning blir tillämplig. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att utreda och analysera den offentliga sektoFacebook can be a tool for Swedish municipalities, regions, and public authorities (the public sector) to reach out to citizens. Personal data is processed when one administers a Facebook page and produces content on it, which means that the General Data Protection Regulation becomes applicable. The aim of this thesis is to examine and analyse the responsibilities of the public sector on Facebook

Uppsatsen redogör för rättsläget kring uppsägningar och avsked med arbetstagarens brottslighet som grund. För avskedande krävs att arbetstagaren grovt åsidosatt sina åligganden enligt anställningsavtalet och för uppsägning finns ett krav på saklig grund. Vid bedömningen av huruvida saklig grund föreligger ställs krav på hur arbetsgivaren handlat. Arbetsgivaren har en rad lojalitetsplikter gentemotThis essay describes the legal situation regarding ordinary dismissals and summary dismissals based on an employee’s criminal activity. In order for the employer to be able to accomplish a summary dismissal the employee must have severely neglected his obligations against the employer. To accomplish an ordinary dismissal, the employer must show that the dismissal is based on objective grounds. The

Mervärdesskatt och Transfer Pricing är två av de stora områdena inom internationell skatterätt, då det förra är en indirekt skatt och baseras på det subjektiva priset och det senare området tillhör direkt beskattning och använder ett objektivt, fiktivt pris för beräkning kan de vid första anblick sakna anknytning. Det finns dock en risk att justeringar av det pris som använts för Transfer Pricing-Value added tax and Transfer Pricing are two of the major areas of international tax law, as the former one uses a subjective price for the calculation of taxation and the latter one uses an objective price the two regimes seemingly lack interaction. There is however a possibility that an adjustment of the price used for Transfer Pricing purposes might have an effect on the VAT due. VAT is a har