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A Nordic-Soviet programme was initiated in 1990 to evaluate the external and internal radiation exposure of the inhabitants of several villages in the Bryansk region of Russia. This area was one of the number of areas particularly affected by the nuclear accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in 1986. Measurements were carried out yearly until 1998 and after that more irregularly; in 2000,
The duration of breastfeeding has attracted much interest, as a prolonged period of breastfeeding has been shown to reduce the risk of developing obesity. The mechanism behind the reduced risk is, however, poorly understood. The novel hormone ghrelin augments appetite, promotes body. weight increase and increases adiposity. The majority of circulating ghrelin emanates from endocrine cells in the o
Aims: The roles of the diverse populations of micro-organisms responsible for biodegradation of organic matter to form methane and carbon dioxide are rudimentarily understood. To expand the knowledge on links between microbial communities and the rate limiting, hydrolytic stage of two-stage biogas production from energy crops, this study was performed. Methods and Results: The process performance.
We study deterministic algorithms for the gossiping problem in ad hoc radio networks under the assumption that each combined message contains at most b(n) single messages or bits of auxiliary information, where b is an integer function and n is the number of nodes in the network. We term such a restricted gossiping problem b(n) -gossiping. We show that rootn-gossiping in an ad hoc radio network on
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a multifactorial disease in which environmental triggers interact with genetic variants in the predisposition to the disease. A number of common variants have been associated with T2D but our knowledge of their ability to predict T2D prospectively is limited. Methods and Findings By using a Cox proportional hazard model, common variants in the PPARG (P12A), CAPN
BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptors enable the host to recognize a large number of pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide, viral RNA, CpG-containing DNA and flagellin. Toll-like receptors have also been shown to play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immune responses. The role of Toll-like receptors as a primary part of our microbe defense system has been
BACKGROUND: The currently used fragrance mix in the European baseline patch test series (baseline series) fails to detect a substantial number of clinically relevant fragrance allergies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether it is justified to include hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (Lyral) and fragrance mix 2 containing hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde, citral, farnesol, coum
OBJECTIVE: to analyse the impact of stent-graft (SG) design and operator skill on the outcome of endovascular AAA repair. DESIGN: prospective non-randomised open. MATERIAL: a total of 158 patients (mean age 71) underwent SG repair. Patients were treated with five different types of SG: first (n =58) and second ( n =17) generation Ivancev-Malmo monoiliac SG (IM I and IM II respectively) combined wi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vilken roll staten kan och bör spela för att få till stånd ekonomisk utveckling hör till den ekonomiska vetenskapens äldsta debatter. Trots detta har tidigare forskning ofta fokuserat på hur en rad statliga interventioner påverkar den statiska effektiviteten. Få studier har försökt studera hur statlig intervention och en aktiv näringspolitik påverkar så kallad dynamisk What role the state should and can play in bringing about economic development is one of the longest standing debates in the economic sciences. Yet, previous research has mostly focused on how a variety of industrial policies affect static efficiency. Few studies have tried to analyze how industrial policy and government intervention affects dynamic efficiency, i.e. an economy's ability to generat
Abstract OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors for reoperation following surgery for spontaneous pneumothorax. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective clinical study conducted on 240 consecutive patients operated on for spontaneous pneumothorax in Lund University Hospital between January 1996 and December 2003. Patient information was gained from medical charts and operation reports. Logist
An NDVI dataset covering Fennoscandia and the Kola peninsula was created for vegetation and climate studies, using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer 16-day maximum value composite data from 2000 to 2005. To create the dataset, ( 1) the influence of the polar night and snow on the NDVI values was removed by replacing NDVI values in winter with a pixel- specific NDVI value representing t
BACKGROUND: The early detection of circulatory failure in patients with sepsis is important for successful treatment. Heparin-binding protein (HBP), released from activated neutrophils, is a potent inducer of vascular leakage. In this study, we investigated whether plasma levels of HBP could be used as an early diagnostic marker for severe sepsis with hypotension. METHODS: A prospective study of 2
Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD) -like receptors (NLRs) and retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG) -like receptors (RLRs) are recently discovered cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors sensing mainly bacterial components and viral RNA, respectively. Their importance in various cells and disorders is becoming better understood, but their role in human tonsil-derived T lymphocytes re
This work presents an alternative cetane rating method using a production compression ignition (CI) engine, offering an accessible approach for preliminary fuel evaluation without the need for specialized equipment. As part of this work, an empirical correlation was developed linking ignition delay (ID) to both the cetane number (CN) and intake oxygen concentration. The test method follows the pri
Background Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection among women of reproductive age worldwide, caused by dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome. Despite its prevalence, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood, making diagnosis and treatment challenging. Although antibiotics are the standard therapy, recurrence rates are high, up to 50% within 1 year, and repe
PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars) is ESA’s M3 mission designed to detect and characterise extrasolar planets and perform asteroseismic monitoring of a large number of stars. PLATO will detect small planets (down to <2REarth) around bright stars (<11 mag), including terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-like stars. With the complement of radial velocity observations
The curve number (CN) method, developed by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), is one of the most widely used approaches worldwide to estimate runoff from rainfall events. However, one of the remaining uncertainties in the method remains whether to apply a frequency-matched or natural data approach for computing the CN from rainfall-runoff data. To address this knowledge gap, this s
The popularity of smartphones and the related growth of mobile application markets created a need for mobile platform owners to open their software platforms up to third party developers in order to meet user demand for mobile applications. This external innovation provides a tremendous opportunity for mobile platform owners to develop a volume and diversity of products they could not develop in-h
Conference on Remembering Communism: Celebrating 15 years of Democracy, Thessaloniki, June 4-5, 2004 Fifteen Years of Democracy Export in the Balkans: Who Did What to Whom? by Steven Sampson Department of Social Anthropology Lund University Lund, Sweden Contact: Sampson@Get2net.Dk. This paper argues that we must analyze democracy assistance as a specific practice separate from democracy and dem
