Filtyp
Many minority groups are subjected to discrimination in today’s society. The reasons behind this unfair treatment are often based upon morally irrelevant grounds. These grounds are in most cases shared by all the members of the minority group. The focal points of this essay are in the court cases that concern affirmative action at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Lund University
We demonstrate how CasADi, a recently devel- oped, free, open-source, general purpose software tool for nonlinear optimization, can be used for dynamic optimization in a flexible, interactive and numerically efficient way. CasADi is best described as a minimalistic computer al- gebra system (CAS) implementing automatic differentiation (AD) in eight different flavors. Similar to algebraic modeling
Understanding the land use history has proven crucial for the conservation of biodiversity in the agricultural landscape. In southern Sweden, very small and fragmented areas of the disturbance-dependent habitat xeric sand calcareous grassland support a large number of threatened and rare plants and animals. In order to find out if historical land use could explain variation in present-day habitat
Background: Epidemiologic studies of associations between folate intake and breast cancer are inconclusive, but folate and other plant food nutrients appear protective in women at elevated risk. Objective: The objective was to examine the association between folate intake and the incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer. Design: This prospective study included all women aged >= 50 y (n = 11699) f
Background: Dystroglycan (Dg) is a transmembrane protein that is a part of the Dystrophin Glycoprotein Complex (DGC) which connects the extracellular matrix to the actin cytoskeleton. The C-terminal end of Dg contains a number of putative SH3, SH2 and WW domain binding sites. The most C-terminal PPXY motif has been established as a binding site for Dystrophin (Dys) WW-domain. However, our previous
Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex multi-organ disease, characterised by relapses and remissions. Designing a high-quality randomised controlled trial poses many challenges. We have developed evidenced-based recommendations for points to consider in conducting clinical trials in patients with SLE. Methods: The EULAR Task Force on SLE comprised 19 specialists and a clinical
The terminase motors of bacteriophages have been shown to be among the strongest active machines in the biomolecular world, being able to package several tens of kilobase pairs of viral genome into a capsid within minutes. Yet, these motors are hindered at the end of the packaging process by the progressive buildup of a force-resisting packaging associated with already packaged DNA. In this experi
Abstract We test a novel, stochastic model of osmotic water transport in aquaporins. A solute molecule present at the pore mouth can either be reflected or permeate the pore. We assume that only reflected solute molecules induce osmotic transport of water through the pore, while permeating solute molecules give rise to no water transport. Accordingly, the rate of water transport is proportional to
Hydromechanical models of Darcy–Brinkman–Stokes type consider mass- and momentum conservation of an incompressible fluid on a domain with varying permeability. They include the two important limits of free flow governed by the classical Navier–Stokes equations and porous Darcy flow. The conceptual simplicity makes the model attractive from a modeling perspective, but any numerical solution procedu
This thesis profiles the experience of four municipalities under Swedish Extended Producer (EPR) systems for newsprint and packaging. Rationales behind a role for local governments and the experience of the municipalities are explored. EPR policies in principle relieve public sector actors of responsibility for waste management however local governments play several roles under the systems, partic
As it is well known, one of the keys to improve traffic performance of two lane rural roads with high traffic volumes is to provide passing sections. However, providing a long segment in which the passing maneuver is allowed, is not always feasible, especially when suburban areas are considered. The retrofitting of some road sections by adding a passing relief lane can improve traffic performance
This paper presents a detailed sedimentologic data set of minor moraines (heights ≤2.0 m, widths ≤14 m, lengths ≤108 m) that formed beginning near the end of the Little Ice Age by Schwarzensteinkees, a valley glacier in Austria. Sorted sediment and stratified diamict dominate five exposures, and compact massive diamict exists in one exposure. This sediment is interpreted as proglacial outwash and
The evolution of compact groups of galaxies may represent one of the few places in the nearby universe in which massive galaxies are being forged through a complex set of processes involving tidal interaction, ram-pressure stripping, and perhaps finally "dry mergers" of galaxies stripped of their cool gas. Using collisionless N-body simulations, we propose a possible scenario for the formation of
Three small-scale extinctions occurred in the Early Triassic with one of them recognized close to the Smithian-Spathian boundary. In the last two decades, the end-Permian mass extinction as well as the subsequent recovery have been intensively studied throughout the Tethys region, but correlations within the Lower Triassic are difficult due to conodonts endemism. Here we use paleontological and ge
Transposable elements (TEs) are dynamically expressed at high levels in multiple human tissues, but the function of TE-derived transcripts remains largely unknown. In this study, we identify numerous TE-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) by conducting Argonaute2 RNA immunoprecipitation followed by small RNA sequencing (AGO2 RIP-seq) on human brain tissue. Many of these miRNAs originated from LINE-2 (L2) e
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning2008 infördes en reform inom svensk politik för arbetskraftsmigration som möjliggjorde för personer utanför EU att komma till Sverige för att arbeta om de erbjudits anställning oavsett utbildningsbakgrund. Reformen har fått mycket uppmärksamhet och ritat om kartan för svensk migrationspolitik. Till ett av de mindre utforskade områdena hör s.k. spårbyten, det vill Many people believe that changes in Swedish migration politics in the last decade signal a turning point and perhaps the end of the well-reputed Swedish exceptionalism. In 2008, Swedish labour migration policy was transformed into one of the most open in whole OECD, whilst Swedish asylum migration policy, known for its humanitarianism, took a significant turn toward restrictiveness in 2016. For se
By attaching to cells or secreted mucosal components, microbes are thought to avoid elimination by the flow of secretions that constantly wash mucosal surfaces. The attached state enhances their ability to trap nutrients and allows the bacteria to multiply more efficiently than do unattached bacterial cells. Attachment is therefore regarded as an end result in itself, and emphasis has been placed
We present results from high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations of isolated Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC)- and Milky-Way-sized galaxies that include a model for feedback from galactic cosmic rays (CRs). We find that CRs are naturally able to drive winds with mass loading factors of up to ∼10 in dwarf systems. The scaling of the mass loading factor with circular velocity between the two simulated s
This study presents the results of open-ended contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate the residents' maximum willingness to pay (WTP) for flood insurance and structural flood control measures in the Neka River Basin in Northern Iran. Flood inundation analysis and floodplain risk mapping were conducted by applying the HEC-RAS model combined with GIS analysis. A calibrated 100-year flood risk
