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Brottet olaga integritetsintrång trädde i kraft i svensk lagstiftning den 1 januari år 2018 och infördes som en del i det politiska arbetet med att modernisera den svenska straffrätten till att på ett mer tillfredsställande sätt kunna möta de utmaningar som uppstått i vårt alltmer digitaliserade samhälle. Internets framväxt har inneburit positiva såväl som negativa konsekvenser, både för individenThe crime of unlawful invasion of privacy took effect in Swedish legislation January 1st 2018 and was introduced as part of the political work to modernize Swedish criminal law to be able to meet the legal challenges in our increasingly digitized society in a more satisfactory way. The rise of the Internet has had positive as well as negative consequences, for individuals as well as for the democr

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) become more advanced and more accessible which leads to new ways of work. A rather new phenomenon is that of location independent workers (LIWs), who are enabled by these technologies to work while traveling the world. New ways of working assumingly lead to changes in the work-nonwork interface. This study takes a demands and resources approach to

Age is one of our seven grounds of discrimination and the one that causes the most people to feel discriminated. In addition, it is a basis to which there are numerous of statutory exceptions which, despite the Discrimination Act, allow employers to disadvantage or discriminate people because of their age. The purpose of this essay was to investigate why and when it is permitted to make exceptions

In this thesis the topic Counterparty Credit Risk in OTC derivative transactions is described and the pricing component arising from it, i.e., the Credit Value Adjustment (CVA), is discussed. The unilateral CVA and DVA are derived in the case where one party engaging in a transaction is assumed to be defaultable and bilateral CVA is derived in the case where both parties in a transaction are assum

Popular science This study is about the water balance of two forest stands. The water balance here means the inflow of the water by rain and outflow by evaporation and groundwater flow. The main question of this research is how increased air temperature and change in the precipitation will affect the water balance of these forests. This has been done through a modeling program which will be descriRecent studies show that future climate change will have a major influence on the water balance of forests in which the projected increase in air temperature and variation in the precipitation around the world are expected to be among the most important drivers affecting the forest’s hydrological cycle. The objective of this study is to compare the water balance of two forests stands in two diff

BackgroundDeviating vital signs have been known to precede Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) like In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (IHCA), unplanned Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission or unexpected death for more than a decade but still the recognition of these deteriorating patients is poor.The British National Early Warning Score (NEWS) is a ‘‘track and trigger’’ scale designed to assess in-hospital pati

BACKGROUND: Atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) reflects longitudinal left ventricular (LV) systolic function, and wall thickening (WT) regional radial LV function. The temporal evolution of these measures after STEMI with CMR has not been evaluated. We aimed to investigate how AVPD and WT are affected globally and regionally from the sub-acute to the chronic phase after ST-elevation myocar

Background: Low levels of the soluble tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and depression are linked to cardiovascular disease. Galectin-3, inadequate glycemic control and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels were previously linked to depression in these patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The main aim was to explore whether sTWEAK was associat

Glyoxalase I (GlxI) is an important enzyme that catalyzes the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG) with the help of glutathione (H-SG). It is currently unclear whether MG and H-SG are substrates of GlxI or whether the enzyme processes hemithioacetal (HTA), which is nonenzymatically formed from MG and H-SG. Most previous studies have concentrated on the latter mechanism. Here, we study the two-subs

Facing increasing pressure to decarbonize, innovation within the shipping sector has turned to low-and zero carbon solutions. In this paper we investigate how the development and implementation of biodiesel and liquefied biogas (LBG) in Norwegian coastal shipping has been influenced by the technological alignment with fossil fuels. We understand this influence to emanate from the (mis)match of bioFacing increasing pressure to decarbonize, innovation within the shipping sector has turned to low-and zero carbon solutions. In this paper we investigate how the development and implementation of biodiesel and liquefied biogas (LBG) in Norwegian coastal shipping has been influenced by the technological alignment with fossil fuels. We understand this influence to emanate from the (mis)match of bio

The elastic singular fields for a crack perpendicular to and with its tip at the interface between two isotropic elastic solids with different elastic moduli are given. The asymptotic crack tip fields for are obtained cases where either both materials yield perfectly plastically or one material remains elastic. By using the singular elastic field as a prescribed load, small scale yielding solution

For decades, cluster initiatives and funding programmes have been used as instruments of industrial and innovation policy – addressing system failures by strengthening linkages among actors, fostering innovation and developing more effective innovation systems. More recently, a growing segment of these initiatives are also focused on driving system-level transformation and contributing to broader

Background:The optimal treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in patients 55 to 70 years old remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of closed reduction and internal fixation with cannulated screws (IF) compared with total hip arthroplasty (THA) on hip pain and function, with use of data for outcome measures, complications, and reoperations.Methods:This

Welding robots that use sensors to compensate for variations in their environment pose new requirements for programming systems and for controller architectures. Tracking sensors must be programmed with the geometry of the welds and the motions of the robot. The process monitoring system must be programmed with the required process tolerances and the type of weld. Finally, the controller must be p

In recent years, a dispute has arisen within detection and attribution science concerning the appropriate methodology for associating individual weather events with anthropogenic climate change. In recent contributions, it has been highlighted that this conflict is seemingly misconstrued even by those participating in it and actually concerns a mixture of first and second order so-called inductive

Background: Substance use among older persons occurs with medical and psychiatric comorbidities. This study examined the associations of substance use disorder (SUD), psychiatric, and dual diagnoses with 12-month cumulative hospitalized days, hospital admission rate and number of days to first hospitalization.Methods: The cohort of 3,624 individuals (28.2% women) aged 50 years or older was assesse

During the last two decades, molecular methods to study mitochondrial DNA sequence variation have become an important part in the studies of avian haemosporidians. Up until recently, these methods have primarily been used for identification of the parasites and for tentative phylogenetic reconstructions, allowing researchers not trained in traditional parasitology to compare data across the globe.