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In the last decade, museums that were established in the 20th century by immigrants from the five Nordic countries have become increasingly concerned with broadening their audiences and more actively engaging their visitors. Efforts to do this have varied from offering traveling exhibitions produced in the Nordic countries, film programs, festivals, concert series, cocktail hours, culinary confere

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient but may become toxic when present in excess. In Zn-contaminated environments, trees can be protected from Zn toxicity by their root-associated micro-organisms, in particular ectomycorrhizal fungi. The mechanisms of cellular Zn homeostasis in ectomycorrhizal fungi and their contribution to the host tree's Zn status are however not yet fully understood. The ai

Small animals that winter at northern latitudes need to maximize energy intake and minimize energy loss. Many passerine birds use night-time hypothermia to conserve energy. A potential cost of night-time hypothermia with much theoretical (but little empirical) support is increased risk of night-time predation, due to reduced vigilance and lower escape speed in hypothermic birds. This idea has neve

Due to critical impacts of air pollution, prediction and monitoring of air quality in urban areas are important tasks. However, because of the dynamic nature and high spatio-temporal variability, prediction of the air pollutant concentrations is a complex spatio-temporal problem. Distribution of pollutant concentration is influenced by various factors such as the historical pollution data and weat

Objective: When the delicate balance between catabolic and anabolic processes is disturbed for any reason, the healing process can stall, resulting in chronic wounds. In chronic wound pathophysiology, proteolytic imbalance is implicated due to elevated protease levels mediating tissue damage. Hence, it is important to design appropriate wound treatments able to control and modulate protease activi

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has long served as a model for the evolution of adaptive genetic diversity in wild populations. Pathogen-mediated selection is thought to be a main driver of MHC diversity, but it remains elusive to what degree selection shapes MHC diversity in complex biogeographical scenarios where other evolutionary processes (e.g. genetic drift and introgression) may

The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when w

Reduced walking ability is common in persons with late effects of polio (LEoP). Here, we explored how many walking limitations persons with LEoP perceive, and how these limitations influence daily life, by using a mixed-methods design. Fourteen persons (mean age 70 years, whereof 7 women) with LEoP responded to the Walking Impact Scale (Walk-12), and were inter-viewed individually. Qualitative dat

BACKGROUND: There has been a growing body of evidence associating consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) with adverse health outcomes including depression, cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality. However, whether UPF are associated with dementia is unknown. The authors investigated the associations between UPF and dementia incidence in UK biobank.METHODS: We included 72,083 participants (

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is foremost characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ)-extracellular plaques, tau-intraneuronal fibrillary tangles (NFT), and neuroinflammation, but over the last years it has become evident that peripheral inflammation might also contribute to the disease. AD patients often demonstrate increased levels of circulating proinflammatory mediators and altered antibody levels

Background: The functional impact of breathlessness is assessed using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale for chronic respiratory disease and with the New York Heart Association Functional Classification (NYHA) scale for heart failure. We evaluated agreement between the scales and their concurrent validity with other clinically relevant patient-reported outcomes in cardiorespiratory

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and biocl

Background: An adequate future liver remnant (FLR) is fundamental for major liver resections. To achieve sufficient FLR, portal vein embolization (PVE) may be used. The most effective material for PVE has yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in FLR growth between n-butyl-cyanoacrylate glue (NBCA) and microparticles. Material/methodsa: retrospective study w

Language development is a long-term process. Individual-level longitudinal case studies have been foundational to SLA. However, methodologies that can support person-focused and process-oriented research lack consolidation. Qualitative longitudinal (QL) research (Neale, 2021a, 2021b) is a methodology that facilitates exploration of the influences of time over time. It provides a temporal architect

Extant literature points to how the risk of discrimination is intrinsic to AI systems owing to the dependence on training data and the difficulty of post hoc algorithmic auditing. Transparency and auditability limitations are problematic both for companies’ prevention efforts and for government oversight, both in terms of how artificial intelligence (AI) systems function and how large-scale digita

To reach their net-zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard-to-abate CO2 emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio-cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context-specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the example of Germany. We assess 14 CDR options, inc

BackgroundLiver metastases are a common consequence of colorectal cancer. When feasible, surgical resection is first-line treatment. Synchronous disease can be treated with different strategies. Traditionally, the primary tumour is resected first followed by resection of the liver metastases (bowel-first). The other option, which is increasing, is the liver-first strategy, where resection of the l

Flicker, or more precisely temporal light modulation (TLM), has re-emerged as a problem with the introduction of LED-based lighting technology. TLM, meaning variations in light intensity over time, may have negative effect on human health, causing annoyance, headaches, eyestrain and migraine. the negative consequences of TLM create an obstacle to broad and rapid adaptation of the new LED-technolog

Introduction: Monoaminergic activity modulates nociceptive transmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Although pain is the most disabling symptom of osteoarthritis (OA), limited knowledge exists regarding the CNS mechanisms that amplify pain and drive sensitization processes in humans.Objectives:The main objective of this study was to evaluate associations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)