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This is the story of how a large research facility of broad European and global interest, the European Spallation Source (ESS), ended up in the small university town of Lund in Sweden. This happened in spite of the fact that a number of influential European countries were at one time or another competitors to host the facility. It is also a story about politics which attempts to illustrate how clo

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a membrane protein group of central importance in the immune system. It is divided into two main classes, class I and class II. The MHCs are highly polymorphic which is believed to be indication of trans-species polymorphism (TSP). There is TSP when an allele is maintained in two species through a speciation event. The songbirds that I study here belon

Trötta ögon, huvudvärk, för kallt eller för varmt och allmänt lägre prestationsförmåga. Så kan det se ut på ett kontor med dålig ventilation och detta minskar förtjänsten för företaget samtidigt som det för de anställda upplevs påfrestande. Med ett väl dimensionerat, och rätt valt tilluftssystem blir inomhusklimatet avsevärt bättre och de anställda har de bästa förutsättningarna att med glädje preThis study compares the two traditional ventilation methods ; mixed ventilation and displacement ventilation, with a new type of dif fuser which attempts to solve the problem with blockage of the diffuser for the displacement ventilation. This new diffuser called Airshower is a product developed by Airson engineering AB whom is also the company where all simulations and tests for this study were

Synnerligen grov misshandel är en brottstyp som introducerades i svensk straffrätt år 2010, detta efter att regeringen uttryckt att straffskärpningar behövdes då man inte ansåg att de utdömda straffen var proportionerliga i förhållande till brottets allvar. Flertalet fall har sedermera hamnat i HD och hovrätterna och en praxis har skapats kring vad brottet innebär. Stort fokus läggs på hänsynslöshExceptional aggravated assault is a crime which was introduced to Swedish criminal law in 2010. The reason behind this was the fact that the Swedish government believed that harsher punishments were needed due to the fact that they were not proportional in comparison to the seriousness of the crime. Regarding what is to be considered as exceptional aggravated assault, the courts tend to focus on t

Det svenska energisystemet är under ständig utveckling. Länge har vatten- och kärnkraft varit grundstenarna i energiproduktionen, där kärnkraft utgjort den så kallade baslasten och vattenkraften reglerkraften. Då allt mer väderberoende vindkraftverk byggs förändras förutsättningarna för det svenska energisystemet, där en stor del av elproduktionen blir allt mer oförutsägbar på grund av variationerThe energy system in Sweden is currently under a great transformation, where the part of weather dependent energy sources, so called intermittent sources, like solar and wind power will get greater share in the total production of electricity while the production from stable energy sources like nuclear power is decreasing. For a long time, the nuclear power have been operating at baseload and the

Sammanfattning Jordens befolkning förväntas öka de kommande årtiondena. Detta kan skapa osäkerhet kring livsmedelsförsörjning och kräver en mer produktiv livsmedelssektor samt metoder för att bedöma tillgång på livsmedel i förhållande till efterfrågan. Utvecklandet av lågkostnadsmetoder för övervakning av grödor kan stödja en hållbar intensifiering av jordbruket och tillhandahålla användbar inforAbstract The population of earth is projected to increase the coming decades. This can pose problems of food security and demands a more productive food sector as well as methods of assessing food productivity in relation to demand. Crop monitoring with remote sensing can guide precision farming used for sustainable intensification of agriculture, as well as contribute to yield forecasting models

This dissertation investigates the function of the sea in contemporary British and Irish literature, focusing on the following three novels: Dermot Bolger’s Temptation (2000), John Banville’s The Sea (2005), and Ian McEwan’s On Chesil Beach (2007). The analysis is divided into two main parts, where the sea is considered in its roles as a setting and as a symbol. The former section starts with a su

The Iron Closet has always been deep, and although never leading to Narnia it has on occasions had the potential to be a one-way ticket to a forced labour camp. After the decline of the Soviet Union, however, the Western world rejoiced; the second parenthesis had been set out and we now lived in the main narrative again where everything ought to make sense. Countries in the post-Soviet space would

En av de mest grundläggande principerna inom aktiebolagsrätten och en stark bidragande faktor till dess popularitet återfinns i 1 kap. 3 § ABL, dvs. aktieägare är som huvudregel inte personligt ansvariga för bolagets förpliktelser. Till varje huvudregel finns undantag och så även här. I Sverige har det diskuterats om aktieägare trotsallt ska kunna hållas ansvariga för bolagets förpliktelser genom One of the most fundamental principles of company law and a strong contributing factor to its popularity can be found in chapter 1. article 3 in the Swedish Companies Act, i.e. shareholders, as a general principle, are not personally responsibility for the debts or actions of a corporation. To every general principle exists exceptions, which applies here as well. In Sweden, the question has been r

Suröl är en dryck som ökat i populäritet, speciellt bland folk med stort intresse för hantverksöl och mikrobryggerier. Allt fler bryggerier vågar nu att gå utanför sin trygghetszon med att använda jäst av typen Saccharomyces cerevisiae och istället börjar experimentera med bakterier och jäst som tidigare ansetts vara produktförstörande, till exempel olika mjölksyrabakterier och vildjäst. Genom forSour beer is rapidly gaining popularity among people that have an interest in craft beer and the microbrewing scene. This leads to breweries starting to venture outside their comfort zones regarding the more traditional brewing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and instead have started experimenting with different kinds of bacteria and yeast that in a normal process is regarded as spoilage bacteria,

Lignin accounts for 15 – 30 % of plant biomass, but is till today remarkably underutilized, mainly due to its heterogeneity and recalcitrance towards depolymerization. The bacterial conversion of lignin into value added chemicals is a highly promising approach to overcome this underutilization and can help to improve the economic competitiveness of the biorefinery concept. In the current study, 1

III-V semiconductors are a profound part of the optoelectronics industry and new developments in alloy compositions and architectures are constantly emerging. Lowdimensional semiconductors, such as nanowires (NWs) have shown to have improved characteristics in certain areas such as enhanced light absorption and can furthermore be integrated on Silicon (Si) plattforms and are thus predicted to be a

The purpose of our master thesis is to locate and find a mathematical model of the road surface from data obtained using LiDAR measure- ments. A LiDAR is an optical instrument that generates a point cloud of its surroundings by measuring distance and intensity. Some LiDARs also generate additional metrics, but for our road model only the distance will be used. However, we will discuss how the inte

Ever since the formation of the modern global foreign exchange market in the early 1970s, scholars have sought to develop models that can explain movements in foreign exchange rates. Arguably one of the most popular approaches to exchange rate modelling is the monetary approach, where movements in the exchange rate are modelled through changes in macroeconomic variables affecting the relative mone

The flesh-eating bacterium and inflammation run amok Streptococcus pyogenes is a bacterium that can infect humans and cause a wide range of symptoms, from the common strep throat to life-threatening infections. In rare cases, when this bacterium pushes its way down into our deeper skin layers, like in necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infection (NSTI), the destruction of the local tissue sometimes

En av folkrättens mest grundläggande normer är det allmänna våldsförbudet som regleras i artikel 2(4) i FN-stadgan. Självförsvarsrätten utgör ett undantag till detta förbud vilket framgår av artikel 51 i FN-stadgan. En mycket omdebatterad fråga inom folkrätten är frågan huruvida det finns en rätt till självförsvar mot icke-statliga aktörer. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka denna fråga och bOne of the most fundamental rules of international law is the prohibition on the use of force contained in Article 2(4) of the UN Charter. The right to self-defence constitutes an exception to this prohibition and is contained in Article 51 of the UN Charter. A much-debated question within international law is the question whether there exists a right to self-defence against non-state actors. This

En affärsrelation regleras vanligtvis genom ett avtal mellan parterna som anger vilka påföljder som blir aktuella vid kontraktsbrott. Vid avsaknad av ett avtal eller avsaknad av specifik reglering gällande påföljdsbestämningen i avtalet får den aktuella situationen bedömas enligt lag. Den svenska civilrätten är dock fragmentarisk vilket innebär att vi inte har en allmän civillag som täcker alla tvA business relationship is usually regulated by an agreement between the parties which states which penalties will be applicable in the event of a breach of contract. In the absence of an agreement or lack of specific terms regarding penalties in the agreement, the dispute must be resolved in accordance with the law. However, the Swedish civil law is fragmentary, which means that it does not conta

Objective . To evaluate the clinical performance in a paediatric population of the Lund-Malmo creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate (GFR) prediction equations, primarily developed for adults. Material and methods . Iohexol clearance was used as the gold standard in 85 paediatric Caucasian patients (0.3-17 years; 37 F/48 M). One Lund-Malmo equation was based on age and gender (LM) and one inc

Abstract The ozone (O3) decomposition in the pre-heat zone of flames can initiate and accelerate the chain-branching reactions. In the present study, formaldehyde (CH2O) was investigated by both experiment and simulation methods in methane/air laminar premixed flames under atmospheric conditions. The formaldehyde concentration profiles in the flames were measured with CH2O-PLIF. When 4500 ppm of o

Background: Celiac disease often goes undiagnosed. Mass screening might be an option to reduce the public health burden of untreated celiac disease. However, mass screening is still controversial since it is uncertain whether the benefits of early detection outweigh the possible negative consequences. Before implementation of screening programs, the experiences of those being identified as cases s