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Plant species beta diversity is influenced by spatial heterogeneity in the environment. This heterogeneity can potentially be characterised with the help of remote sensing. We used WorldView-2 satellite data acquired over semi-natural grasslands on The Baltic island of Öland (Sweden) to examine whether dissimilarities in remote sensing response were related to fine-scale, between-plot dissimilarit

Popular Abstract in Swedish Övergripande syfte Syftet med avhandlingen var att utvärdera hur en förenklad metod för diagnostisering av blodproppar i benets djupa ådror (djup ventrombos (DVT)) fungerar i svensk rutinsjukvård. Den förenklade metoden innebär användning av en strukturerad klinisk sannolikhetsbedömning tillsammans med ett blodprov (D-dimer test). Vi jämförde också vår D-dimermetod med The combination of pre-test clinical probability assessment and D-dimer test is now widely applied in the diagnostic process of DVT. The general objective of the present investigation was to validate these results in a Swedish routine emergency setting were the prevalence of the disease is high and were the clinical probability assessment was handled by many junior physicians. Furthermore, our aim

Background: Sugarcane is an attractive feedstock for ethanol production, especially if the lignocellulosic fraction can also be treated in second generation (2G) ethanol plants. However, the profitability of 2G ethanol is affected by the processing conditions, operating costs and market prices. This study focuses on the minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) and maximum profitability of ethanol prod

Popular Abstract in Swedish Djurs förmåga att hitta då de förflyttar sig långa sträckor mellan fortplantningsområden och övervintringsområden har fascinerat människor i hundratals år. Det finns flera olika teorier kring hur djur navigerar, till exempel med hjälp av dofter, landmärken, solen, polariserat ljus, stjärnorna eller jordens magnetfält. Att djur skulle kunna använda sig av just jordens maMigration research is a large and diverse field and in my thesis I have focused on the impact of geomagnetic cues on animal orientation, navigation and migratory fuelling. Several animal species from widely different taxa possess the ability to sense and make use of geomagnetic information during migratory or homing events. I used a map showing isolines for magnetic total field intensity and incl

While preterm contractions occur almost as often extremely preterm as they do closer to term, birth due to spontaneous preterm labour before 27 weeks of gestation is rare, accounting for 0.05–0.7% of all births in different populations. Although the likelihood that uterine contractions before 27 weeks of gestation represent true preterm labour is low, the risk of adverse outcome in such cases is h

This thesis concerns the nature of the gestures performed by five Swedish children. The children are followed from 18 to 30 months of age: an age range which is characterized by a rapid succession of developmental changes in children's abilities to communicate by means of both spoken language and gesture. There are few studies of gesture in children of these ages, making it essential to ask a numb

Background: Few longitudinal cohort studies have focused on the impact of substances abused and psychiatric disorders on premature mortality. The aim of the present study was to identify predictors of increased risk of drug related death and non drug related death in substance abusers of opiates, stimulants, cannabis, sedatives/hypnotics, hallucinogens and alcohol over several decades. Methods: Fo

Numerous studies in the international economic literature suggest that foreign trade has a large positive effect on growth. From the theoretical aspects there are several reasons to be¬lieve in both export- and import-led productivity growth as well as productivity-led exports. The empirical results have been mixed, with earlier studies indicating a strong relationship and more recent studies that

Popular Abstract in Swedish Fasoxidbränsleceller (eng. SOFC) är en keramisk bränslecellstyp som arbetar vid höga temperaturer. Genom att utnyttja energin hos avgaserna från en SOFC i en annan kraftvärmeprocess kan man erhålla ett s.k. hybridsystem som når höga verkningsgrader. Ett koncept som studerats i denna avhandling är en SOFC i kombination med en gasturbincykel (SOFC/GT). Eftersom bränslecelSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a ceramic type of fuel cell operating at elevated temperatures. By utilising the thermal energy from the SOFC in a heat engine, a hybrid cycle with high performance can be achieved. One promising concept is a pressurised SOFC in combination with a recuperated gas turbine cycle. The fuel cell, being the more efficient power generator of the two, represents the maj

Inverse modeling techniques used to quantify surface carbon fluxes commonly assume that the uncertainty of fossil fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions is negligible and that intra-annual variations can be neglected. To investigate these assumptions, we analyzed the differences between four fossil fuel emission inventories with spatial and temporal differences over Europe and their impact on the model simula

Background: The “Managing Fatigue” program can help participants manage fatigue in their everyday lives. The programme has been proven feasible with Swedish occupational therapists, but there is a lack of knowledge of how participants experience the programme.Aim: To describe how Swedish MS participants experience the content and structure of the Swedish MF programme, as well as lessons learned fr

The Northeast region of Brazil is one of the most susceptible parts of the country to the effects of climate variability leading to severe droughts or extreme floods. Indeed, drought is a major issue due to a large semiarid area that covers 53% of the region, which determines the main climate characteristics of this region. On the other hand, extreme floods have caused widespread damage in river b

Background: Middle Eastern immigrants represent a growing population in Sweden today. This group are at higher risk for type 2 diabetes than the native population, but are also shown to exhibit unique properties; despite an abundance in traditional cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity, dearranged blood lipids and diminished physical acitivity, this group seem to exhibit lower blood pressur

Background: It has been shown that individuals with obesity have a higher risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear which measure of obesity is most useful for prediction of CKD in the general population. The aim of this large prospective study was to explore the association between several anthropometric measures of obesity, i. e., body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (W

At least 30% of main sequence stars host planets with sizes of between 1 and 4 Earth radii and orbital periods of less than 100 days.We use N-body simulations including a model for gas-assisted pebble accretion and disk–planet tidal interaction to study the formation of super-Earth systems.We show that the integrated pebble mass reservoir creates a bifurcation between hot super-Earths or hot-Neptu

BACKGROUND: The "Managing Fatigue" (MF) programme can help people living with Multiple sclerosis (MS) manage fatigue in their everyday lives. The programme has been proven feasible with Swedish occupational therapists, but there is a lack of knowledge of how MS participants experience the programme, and what they learned from participating in the programme.AIM: To describe how Swedish MS participa

En ordning av naturen given. Den svenska arvsrätten synes nästintill opåverkad av tidens gång. Successionsrättens rötter sträcker sig långt bak i historien. Samhället har genom åren genomgått omfattande förändringar och anpassat sig till nya rådande samhällsstrukturer. Den arvsrättsliga regleringen har däremot förblivit i stort sett oförändrad. Sedan 1300-talet har det enbart funnits fyra versioneAn order given by nature. The Swedish inheritance law appears almost unaffected by the passing of time. The roots of the Swedish succession law extends far back in history. Swedish society has gone through extensive changes over the years in order to adjust to the prevailing social structures, however, the succession regulation seems to have remained almost the same. There has, in fact, only been

Uppföljning behövs i ett företag för att kunna styra företaget mot de ekonomiska mål som eftersträvas. För att ha en fungerande uppföljningsprocess krävs det att projektet är planerat på ett strukturerat sätt, för att på så vis ge uppföljningen en grund. Rapporteringar och data från tidigare projekt krävs för att analysera och jämföra informationen. Genom att ta vara på erfarenheter och kunskap frA follow up system is necessary for the company to enhance their financial performance. In order to implement such a process, it is necessary to plan and structure projects in a manner that enables a follow up analysis. This requires having reports and data from previous projects in order to be able to analyse and compare the information. Documenting experiences and knowledge from projects and rea

Bakgrund: I Sverige insjuknar årligen ett stort antal personer i stroke. Stroke är den vanligaste sjukdomsorsaken till bestående funktionsnedsättning och medför flest antal vårddagar på sjukhus. Tidig understödd utskrivning från sjukhus till hemmet (Early Supported Discharge) erbjuds enligt de nationella riktlinjerna för vård vid stroke för personer med lindrig till måttlig stroke. Syfte: Att karBackground: In Sweden a large number of people fall ill with stroke every year. Stroke is the most common cause of permanent disability and results in the largest number of hospital days. Early Supported Discharge is offered according to the national guidelines of mild to moderate stroke. Aim: To map how persons with mild to moderate stroke experienced the home environments significance for th

There are several examples of studies that cover rebel-to-party transformations, yet most only focus on the issue in the context of negotiated peace agreements. This thesis aims to apply theories of insurgency studies combined with strategic analysis of war termination in a comparative case study, to see under what circumstances voluntary rebel-to-party transformation may occur. The cases were sel