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With significant changes expected in the earth's global climate over the next century, due to global warming, and its resulting changes in the frequency and amount of precipitation, there has been growing concerns on climate change impacts on water resources. Especially concerned to water managers and governments is the potential impacts on groundwater aquifers since they are the main availabl
G.fast is a new standard from the International Telecommunication Union, which targets 1 Gb/s over short copper loops using frequencies up to 212 MHz. This new technology requires accurate parametric cable models for simulation, design, and performance evaluation tests. Some existing copper cable models were designed for the very high speed digital subscriber line spectra, i.e., frequencies up to
Popular Abstract in Swedish 1100-talet var en mycket dynamisk och händelserik tid i dansk historia. Under detta århundrade ägde en rad samhällsförändringar rum som kom att påverka de allra flesta. På landsbygden samlades bebyggelsen i byar samtidigt som jordbruket rationaliserades och naturresurserna utnyttjades mer storskaligt. I städerna utvecklades penningekonomin och en mångfacetterad varuprodThe Early Middle Ages, comprising the period ca. 1000-1250, is usually described as a dynamic and eventful time, when many spheres of society underwent radical changes. The aim of this dissertation is to link these processes together in an overall holistic description of medieval society. The intention is thus to provide a "total historical" account of early medieval Denmark by means of a broad in
Objectives: To investigate gender differences in daily smoking prevalence in different age groups in southern Sweden. Methods: The 2004 public-health survey in Skåne is a cross-sectional study. A total of 27,757 persons aged 18-80 years answered a postal questionnaire, which represents 59% of the random sample. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the associations between gender and
Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes mellitus är en samling sjukdomar som karaktäriseras av förhöjt blodsocker. Traditionellt har man delat upp sjukdomen i två former; typ 1 och typ 2 diabetes. Vid typ 1 diabetes förstörs de insulinproducerande β-cellerna i bukspottskörteln av kroppens immunförsvar och sjukdomen debuterar ofta tidigt i livet. Typ 2 diabetes, tidigare ofta benämnd ”åldersdiabetes” Inadequate insulin secretion is a central component in the development of Diabetes Mellitus, resulting from reduced pancreatic β-cell mass, as well as diminished β-cell function. Islet produced 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT) is suggested to regulate insulin secretion and β-cell mass in rodents during pregnancy and in metabolically challenged states. However, the role of 5-HT in control of insulin rel
Free radical polymerization of acrylate counterions to cationic alkyltrimethylammonium surfactant ions was performed in aqueous media. The results of the reactions were either formation, destruction or change of liquid crystalline surfactant structures, depending on the starting conditions such as the surfactant concentration, the content of inert counterions and the monomer-to-initiator ratio. Th
Objective: To analyse if predictors of radiographic progression differ between patients treated with or without prednisolone in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Radiographs of hands and feet were assessed using the modified Sharp/van der Heijde score and radiographic progression was defined as an increase in the total Sharp score above 5.8 (the smallest detectable change). Design: Prospective, ran
Background: Laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (LPR) is assumed to be the most common cause of posterior laryngitis (PL). Since LPR is found in healthy subjects, and PL patients are not improved by acid-reducing therapy, other aetiologies to PL must be considered. The aims of this study in PL were to investigate the prevalence of acid reflux in the proximal oesophagus and functional gastrointestinal sympto
This study compares the effectiveness of teaching the calculation of frontal plane QRS axis with the use of the classical versus the orderly electrocardiographic limb lead display. Eighty-three students from two environments were randomized into two groups and were taught to determine frontal plane axis with one of the methods. The accuracy and time to determine the axis were tested on 10 electroc
In two previous studies, optimal conditions were identified for two-step steam pretreatment Of SO2- and H2SO4-impregnated softwood. In the present study the yield of sugar and ethanol was determined in a process development unit where pretreatment was performed in a 10-L reactor and simultaneous sacchatification and fermentation (SSF) or enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) were performed in 30-L reactors. T
In this study, cancer patients' characteristics associated with death in nursing homes were explored. The study sample included 395 cancer patients who had participated in a trial of palliative care, 260 ( 66%) patients died in hospital, 80 (20%) at home and 55 (14%) in nursing homes. Health-related quality of life was prospectively recorded using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Death in nursing
OBJECTIVE - The efficacy and Safety of adding liraglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) to Metformin were compared with addition of placebo or glimepiride to metformin in subjects previously treated With oral antidiabetes (OAD) therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - In this 26-week, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group trial, 1,091 subjects were
Research comparing adolescents engaging in suicidal and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), both separately and in combination, is still at an early stage. The purpose of the present study was to examine overlapping and distinguishable features in groups with different types of self-injurious behaviors, using a large community sample of 2,964 (50.6 % female) Swedish adolescents aged 15–17 years. Adol
Objective. To analyse the management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer in a population-based national register, and specifically to investigate the role of curative therapy (i.e. cystectomy or radiotherapy) in relation to patient, tumour and hospital characteristics. Material and methods. The Swedish Bladder Cancer Register covers more than 90% of all patients in the country who have been diagnose
To be able to robustly propagate P. falciparum at optimal conditions in vitro is of fundamental importance for genotypic and phenotypic studies of both established and fresh clinical isolates. Cryo-preserved P. falciparum isolates from Ugandan children with severe or uncomplicated malaria were investigated for parasite phenotypes under different in vitro growth conditions or studied directly from
Measurement of cortisol concentration can contribute important information about an individual's ability to adjust to various environmental demands of both physical and psychosocial origin. However, one uncertainty that affects the possibilities of correctly interpreting and designing field studies is the lack of observations of the impact of seasonal changes on cortisol excretion. For this reason
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bedömning av höger sida av hjärtat är viktig hos patienter med hjärtsjukdom; i synnerhet hos patienter med förhöjt tryck i lungkretsloppet. Sänkt högerkammarfunktion och förhöjt tryck i höger förmak har visats vara prognostiskt dåligt. Två-dimensionellt ultraljud av hjärtat (ekokardiografi) är den vanligaste metoden för att bedöma hjärtats funktion, men högerkammaren ärAssessment of the right side of the heart is important in patients with heart disease; especially in patient with elevated pressure in the lung circulation. Decreased right ventricular function and elevated pressure in the right atrium are of poor prognostic value. Two-dimensional echocardiography (ultrasound of the heart) is the most commonly used method to assess the hearts function, but the rig
The aim was to develop a new instrument for measuring length of sleep as well as television and computer habits in school-age children. A questionnaire was constructed for use when children visit the school health care unit. Three aspects of the validity of the questionnaire were examined: its face validity, content validity, and construct validity. Test-retest reliability was assessed by giving t
Mental disorders are associated with premature mortality, and the magnitudes of risk have commonly been estimated using hospital data. However, psychiatric patients who are hospitalized have more severe illness and do not adequately represent mental disorders in the general population. We conducted a national cohort study using outpatient and inpatient diagnoses for the entire Swedish adult popula
Popular Abstract in Swedish Studien handlar om tio elever i behov av särskilt stöd. Den förhärskande tanken inom det svenska utbildningsväsendet är att elever med funktionshinder ska integreras i den vanliga skolan. Undantag får emellertid göras och eleverna kan t.ex. få sin skolgång på ett skoldaghem. Det främsta syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka hur sju elever med skolgång på skolThis thesis concerns ten pupils in need of special support. The overriding principle governing the Swedish educational system today is that pupils with functional difficulties should be integrated into ordinary schools, but exceptions may be made and the pupils can attend a special day-school. The primary aim of the present thesis is to study the progress of seven students, attending special day-s
