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Uppsatsen syftar till att förtydliga det ansvar som åligger stater till följd av en enskild stats allvarliga brott mot en folkrättsligt tvingande norm. Genom att använda ett rådgivande yttrande från juli 2024, i vilket Internationella domsto-len konstaterade Israels ockupation av de palestinska territorierna som olaglig, undersöks statsansvaret. Avgörandet aktualiserar tre skyldigheter för tredje The essay aims to clarify the responsibility of States arising from a serious breach of a peremptory norm by another State. It does so by using the adviso-ry opinion of July 2024, in which the International Court of Justice found Israel’s occupation of the Palestinian territories unlawful. The Courts ruling raised three obligations for third States: the obligation not to recognize the situation as

Den snabba framväxten av artificiell intelligens (AI) har lett till betydande framsteg, men också till nya juridiska utmaningar. Teknologier som autonoma fordon och avancerade AI-system har aktualiserat frågor kring hur ansvar för skador som orsakas av AI-system ska fördelas. Detta är särskilt problematiskt i ljuset av den traditionella produktansvarsprinciper som inte är utformad för att hantera The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to significant ad-vancements but also to new legal challenges. Technologies such as autono-mous vehicles and advanced AI systems have raised questions about how responsibility for damages caused by AI systems should be allocated. This is particularly problematic given that traditional product liability principles were not designed to ad

Den svenska kommersiella entreprenadrätten är huvudsakligen reglerad av framförhandlade standardavtal. Standardavtalen förhandlas fram av branschen genom representation i BKK. Idag finns två standardavtal för de två största entreprenadformerna. AB 04 reglerar standardavtalsvillkoren för utförandeentreprenader och ABT 06 reglerar villkoren för totalentreprenader. I denna uppsats är entreprenadformeSwedish commercial construction contract law is mainly governed by negotiated standard contracts. These standard contracts are developed by the industry through representation in the organisation Byggandets kontraktskommitté (BKK). Currently, there are two main standard contracts for the two most common forms of construction. AB 04 regulates the standard terms for construction contracts, while ABT

This study examines the value creation in private equity through looking at the changes of a few chosen metrics, comparing the years before and after acquisitions. Building on previous research into the operational impact of leveraged buyouts in Sweden (Bergström, Grubb & Jonsson), 2009; Nordström 2015) this thesis examines the long-run performance of firms targeted by private equity (PE). Foc

This thesis examines the influence of a foreign-born background on students’ educational choices in Sweden, focusing on the selection between vocational and university preparatory programmes in upper secondary education (gymnasium). Recognising that personal experiences and social contexts shape such decisions, a qualitative methodology was adopted to explore the underlying motivations and influen

This article provides ethnographic insights into how the welfare dilemma of balancing the moral imperative to meet needs with the financial responsibility of allocating limited resources is understood and handled in social work practice. Particular attention is paid to the everyday interaction of managers and social workers within the context of child protection. The analysis draws on interviews aThis article provides ethnographic insights into how the welfare dilemma of balancing the moral imperative to meet needs with the financial responsibility of allocating limited resources is understood and handled in social work practice. Particular attention is paid to the everyday interaction of managers and social workers within the context of child protection. The analysis draws on interviews a

Bakgrund: Fysisk inaktivitet är en riskfaktor för livsstilssjukdomar som hjärt-kärlsjukdomar, typ II-diabetes och fetma, vilka medför utmaningar för folkhälsan och stora samhällskostnader. Cykelpendling är en effektiv form av vardagsmotion för att främja hälsa och elcyklar har vuxit i popularitet, men deras effekter på hälsofaktorer som VO2max, BMI och sömn jämfört med traditionell cykling är ännu

Objective To investigate the extent to which Danish women attending antenatal care plan their pregnancies and to determine the association between pregnancy planning and the intake of folic acid, alcohol consumption and smoking habits prior to conception and before the 16th week of gestation. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 258 women. Main outcome measures: intake of folic acid, alcohol consum

When Sweden entered NATO in 2024, 200 years of alliance-freedom was upheaved. Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty states that an attack on any of the allied states is to be considered an attack against them all, which means that Swedish soldiers may be deployed in combat on foreign soil. Given that the Swedish Armed Forces have previously only been concerned with protecting their own borders, t

The final day of the conference opened with Albin Thörn Cleland’s presentation, “Hidden Choral Stimuli: The Role of Accent in Aristophanes’ Refrains”. His paper examined the interplay of pitch accent, metre and musical melody across metrically identical refrains in pre-Hellenistic Ancient Greek lyric poetry, an aspect that has long remained relatively obscure and misunderstood. Building on Conser

This study aims to contribute one piece to the puzzle on why industry plants in the U.S. choose to comply with environmental laws under seemingly low incentives i.e., few inspections and low fines. This study investigates private enforcement, specifically citizen suits, as a possible determinant of plants' compliance behavior. Empirically, the study focuses on compliance with the Clean Water

Uppsatsen studerar företags hantering av råvarurisk ur två olika perspektiv. I uppsatsens första del undersöks företags motiv för att agera på råvarumarknaderna genom djupgående intervjuer av särskilt utvalda företag. Resultat från intervjuerna indikerar att råvarors inflations- och diversifieringsegenskaper är båda starka incitament bakom investerares intresse att handla med råvaror. Uppfattninge

Internationellt har begreppet "gå på pengarna" vunnit mark och mer effekti-va förverkandebestämmelser anses vara en viktig åtgärd i kampen för att spåra och återföra utbytet av brott. Förverkande vid brott har till avsikt att verka avskräckande genom att förhindra brottslingar att dra nytta av brott samt återinvestera utbytet av brott i ny brottslig verksamhet. Vidare har förverkande somInternationally, the concept of "follow the money trail" has gained ground, and more efficient forfeiture provisions are considered an important meas-ure in the fight to track down and return the proceeds of crime. Forfeiture provisions are designed to deter crime by preventing criminals to benefit from crime and reinvest the proceeds of crime in new criminal activity. Furthermore, forfe

Tänkt dig att du går i skogen en solig dag. Du hör fågelsång, ser vackra blommor och äter blåbär. Inne i skogen känner du ett lugn och kan andas ut från vardagens stress. Inget av detta hade varit möjligt utan en mångfald av arter i skogen, men idag är den hotad. Den biologiska mångfalden hotas av fragmentering och ändrad markanvändning, till exempel så blir våra skogar allt mer artfattiga. SkogsbLoss of biodiversity is an important environmental problem. Many species are threatened due to loss of habitats and fragmentation. Furthermore, loss of biodiversity affects the forests ability to provide ecosystem services such as water regulation. Most people live in urban areas and therefore urban forests are important for recreation and to reduce stress among the citizens, but the forests are a

En produkts formgivning är avgörande för hur eftertraktad den blir på marknaden, något som resulterat i att stora resurser läggs ner på att ge pro-dukter ett så tilltalande yttre som möjligt. För att investerade resurser inte ska gå om intet är det viktigt att skydda formgivningen på ett adekvat sätt, vilket t.ex. kan göras med hjälp av olika, till viss del överlappande, im-materialrättsliga skyddA product's design is crucial to how popular it will become on the market. This has resulted in that significant resources are laid down to give products an exterior as attractive as possible. To make sure that the spent resources should not be wrecked, it is important to protect the design adequately. This can e.g. be done by different, partially overlapping, kinds of intellectual property pr

This masters thesis is about the burden of proof and evidence requirement when a conflict occurs between an adviser and a receiver of an advice. The situations I will focus on are tax advices and financial advices. The most important source of information is court decisions, but relevant legislation will also be looked into. From jurisprudence I will find the underlying causes and use them to give

Barnpornografibrott regleras i 16 kap. 10a§ BrB. Bestämmelsen omfattar nästintill all tänkbar befattning med barnpornografi. De huvudsakliga skälen för kriminalisering är att skydda det enskilda barnet och barn i allmänhet, varav det sist angivna skälet inte preciseras något ytterligare. Alla slags bilder betraktas som straffbara, även tecknade och animerade bilder som inte har någon koppling tillChild pornography is criminalized in chapter 16 10a§ BrB. It regulates almost every aspect of child pornography. The main reasons for criminalization is to protect the individual child and “children in general” (this concept is not further specified) All forms of illustrations are seen as criminal, even drawn or animated ones which do not necessarily depict an actual sexual assault or a real victi

För att ett alster ska åtnjuta upphovsrättsligt skydd som ett ‘verk’ enligt den EU-rättsliga upphovsrättsregleringen ska alstret vara originellt på så sätt att det är upphovsmannens egen intellektuella skapelse. Innebörden av detta originalitetskriterium har utvecklats kontinuerligt av EUD, senast i de förenade målen C 580/23 och C 795/23 (Mio). Begreppet ‘verk’ utgör ett självständigt unionsrättsIn order for a subject matter to enjoy copyright protection as a work according to EU copyright law the subject matter must be original, in the sense that it is the author’s own intellectual creation. The meaning of this criteria of originality has been developed continuously by the Court of Justice of the European Union, most recently in Joined Cases, C 580/23 and C 795/23 (Mio). The term work is

The real estate profession is characterized by high demands on availability, irregular working hours and a boundaryless work pattern, in which the boundaries between work and private life are often unclear. Previous research and industry reports suggest that such working conditions can contribute to elevated stress, impaired work-life balance, and reduced psychological well-being. Against this bac

This study examines how financial market uncertainty in North America, measured by the CBOE Volatility Index (VIX), affects Eurozone bond markets. The purpose is to analyze the dynamic relationship between the VIX to both government and corporate bonds across different credit ratings, and to assess whether these relationships differ when the bonds are measured as yield-to-maturity (YTM) or option-