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We studied the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) or ischemic stroke in the total population and in full- and half-siblings to determine whether these associations are causal or a result from familial confounding. Data were retrieved from nationwide Swedish registers containing individual clinical data linked to neighborhood of

The development of therapeutic methods based on stem cells (e.g. cell therapy, activating regeneration and organ transplantation), known as regenerative medicine, is still a novel area in the field of life sciences. If successful, such therapies could be applicable to many diseases currently lacking effective treatments, such as Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, heart disease or cancer.Stem cells are

OBJECTIVE: To explore the burden of gout in the Nordic region, with a population around 27 million in 2015 distributed across six countries.METHOD: We used the findings of the 2015 Global Burden of Diseases study to report prevalence and disability associated with gout in the Nordic region.RESULTS: From 1990 to 2015, the number of prevalent gout cases rose by 30% to 252 967 [95% uncertainty interv

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the association between parental self-rated health and recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in preschool children. Methods: A questionnaire, including questions about sociodemographic and psychosocial factors, lifestyle, parental and child health, was sent to parents of all 4-year-old children in Scania, Sweden. The response rate was 43.6%. The outcome was RAP and

Aims: Although smoking is considered to be an established risk factor for colorectal cancer, the current evidence on the association between smokeless tobacco and colorectal cancer is scant and inconclusive. We used pooled individual data from the Swedish Collaboration on Health Effects of Snus Use to assess this association. Methods: A total of 417,872 male participants from nine cohort studies a

Objectives: The aim of this 6-year follow-up study was to examine whether neighbourhood accessibility to fast-food outlets was associated with diagnosed childhood obesity, after adjustment for neighbourhood- and individual-level socio-demographic factors. Methods: This 6-year follow-up study comprised 484,677 boys and 459,810 girls aged 0-14 years in Sweden. The follow-up period ran from January 1

Objective: To study the association between cardiovascular co-morbidities and mortality risk in primary care patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods: The study population included all adults (n = 12,283) ≥ 45 years diagnosed with AF at 75 primary care centres in Sweden between 2001 and 2007. The outcome was mortality (until 2010) and data were explored for co-morbidities using Cox regression wi

Finding the correct top dead center (TDC) offset for an internal combustion engine is harder than it seems. This paper introduces a novel method to find the TDC offset based on a simple assumption that the heat loss power through the combustion chamber walls is constant for motored cycles in a narrow crank angle interval around TDC. The proposed method uses nonlinear least squares optimization to

This work investigates the performance potential of an engine running with partially premixed combustion (PPC) using commercial diesel engine hardware. The engine was a 2.01 SAAB (GM) VGT turbocharged diesel engine and three different fuels were run - RON 70 gasoline, RON 95 Gasoline and MK1 diesel. With the standard hardware an operating range for PPC from idle at 1000 rpm up to a peak load of 10

We investigate how early exposure to parental externalizing behaviors (EB) may contribute to development of alcohol use disorders (AUD) in young adulthood, testing a developmental cascade model focused on competencies in three domains (academic, conduct, and work) in adolescence and emerging adulthood, and examining whether high parental education can buffer negative effects of parental EB and oth

Background: Maximum exercise workload (WMAX) is today assessed as the first part of Cardiopulmonary Exercise testing. The WMAX test exposes patients with COPD, often having cardiovascular comorbidity, to risks. Our research project was initiated with the final aim to eliminate the WMAX test and replace this test with a predicted value of WMAX, based on a prediction algorithm of WMAX derived from m

This paper exploits an arbitrary university eligibility rule in Sweden combined with regression discontinuity to estimate the impact of university education on health derived demand for medical care. We find a clear jump in university attendance due to university eligibility of between 10 and 14 percentage points. For females this implies a 30-40% drop in self-harm. For males it coincides with red

Background: The BREATHE study is a cross-sectional study of real-life patients with asthma and/or COPD in Denmark and Sweden aiming to increase the knowledge across severities and combinations of obstructive airway disease. Design: Patients with suspicion of asthma and/or COPD and healthy controls were invited to participate in the study and had a standard evaluation performed consisting of questi

The therapeutic landscape of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has profoundly changed over the past 7 years. Most patients with chronic phase (CP) now have a normal life expectancy. Another goal is achieving a stable deep molecular response (DMR) and discontinuing medication for treatment-free remission (TFR). The European LeukemiaNet convened an expert panel to critically evaluate and update the evi

Objectives: Identification of biological markers that can guide treatment selection is considered to be a viable solution for personalized treatment for patients with psychiatric disorders. This study investigated whether macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels at baseline were associated with mindfulness-based group therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy response in patients with mil

Plastics contribute the most to the ever-growing buildup of pollution in Earth’s water bodies. In the aquatic environment, plastic essentially exists in multiple forms before and following passage to nature depending on its synthetic pathway and succeeding degree of fragmentation or degradation, and includes bulk material, as well as nanosized particles. It is of utmost importance to understand th

Background: Familial breast cancer risk studies usually overlook the dynamic nature of family history. Methods: The authors assessed the effect of incorporating the timing of cancer diagnosis events into the assessment of familial risks of breast cancer in first-degree and second-degree relatives in a nationwide cohort study of 5,099,172 women (follow-up was between 1958-2015). Family history was

Critical raw materials (CRM) are extensively used in tools for metal cutting, such as in cemented carbide tools (cobalt and tungsten), because they provide desired characteristics of high fracture toughness and wear resistance. Both academia and industry are examining CRM-free material alternatives, such as tools based on polycrystalline diamond (PCD) or ceramic materials. These materials are gene