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Early MAXimisation of bronchodilation for improving COPD stability (EMAX) was a large, multicentre, multi-national, randomised, double-blind, 24-week trial. EMAX evaluated the efficacy and safety of dual bronchodilator therapy with umeclidinium bromide (UMEC)/vilanterol (VI) versus monotherapy with either UMEC or salmeterol (SAL) in symptomatic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (
Objectives As part of the PIONEER Consortium objectives, we have explored which diagnostic and prognostic factors (DPFs) are available in relation to our previously defined clinician and patient-reported outcomes for prostate cancer (PCa). Design We performed a systematic review to identify validated and non-validated studies. Data sources MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched on
Transcription of integrated DNA from viruses or transposable elements is tightly regulated to prevent pathogenesis. The Human Silencing Hub (HUSH), composed of Periphilin, TASOR and MPP8, silences transcriptionally active viral and endogenous transgenes. HUSH recruits effectors that alter the epigenetic landscape and chromatin structure, but how HUSH recognizes target loci and represses their expr
Strain and interactions at grain boundaries during solid-phase crystallization are known to play a significant role in the functional properties of polycrystalline materials. However, elucidating three-dimensional nanoscale grain morphology, kinetics, and strain under realistic conditions is challenging. Here, we image a single-grain growth during the amorphous-to-polycrystalline transition in tec
Introduction: While timely assessment of long-term survival for patients with liver cancer is essential for the evaluation of early detection and screening programs of liver cancer, those data are extremely scarce in China. We aimed to timely and accurately assess long-term survival for liver cancer patients in eastern China.Methods: Patients diagnosed with liver cancer during 2004-2018 from four
III-V semiconductor-based planar multi-junction solar cells synthesized to match the solar spectrum, increase absorption, and reduce thermalization loss are today's world-record efficiency solar cells. Realizing similarly performing multi-junction III-V nanowire (NW) solar cells would require significantly less material and is more sustainable at lower cost than planar solar cells. The NW geometry
Spark ablation is an established technique for generating aerosol nanoparticles. Recent demonstrations of compositional tuning of bimetallic aerosols have led to a demand for on-line stoichiometry measurements. In this work, we present a simple, non-intrusive method to determine the composition of a binary AuAg nanoparticle aerosol on-line using the optical emission from the electrical discharges.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate if ilio-femoral calcium score (CS) combined with Glasgow Aneurysm Score (GAS) can improve the prediction of long-term survival after EVAR.METHODS: All the patients who underwent infrarenal endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for non-ruptured AAA between January 2004 and December 2012 at a tertiary referral center were retrospectively included if the p
Germline copy number variants (CNVs) are pervasive in the human genome but potential disease associations with rare CNVs have not been comprehensively assessed in large datasets. We analysed rare CNVs in genes and non-coding regions for 86,788 breast cancer cases and 76,122 controls of European ancestry with genome-wide array data. Gene burden tests detected the strongest association for deletions
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between HIV viremia exposure during antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.DESIGN: Nationwide observational cohort.METHODS: Participants (age > 15 years) from the Swedish nationwide InfCareHIV register initiating ART 1996-2017 were categorized in a time-updated manner into four viremia categories, starting from 12 months after A
BackgroundPremature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are known to predict heart failure (HF) and premature atrial contractions (PACs) are known to predict atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke. PVCs and PACs share pathophysiological mechanisms; however, the combined effects of PVCs and PACs on HF, AF, and stroke risk have not been studied.ObjectivesTo study elevated PVC counts on 24-hour electrocardiogr
Background: Older adults spend more time at home after retirement, and the home becomes a central place for activity. While research indicates that indoor lighting, exposure to daylight, physical activity and sleep interact to influence functioning, mood and daily rhythm, strategies are needed to promote behavioural changes to optimise these factors in daily life. The objective is to design an int
Using data from southern Sweden, this work analyses the development of maternal and infant health in five rural parishes and the town of Landskrona in Scania, Sweden, in the last 110 years. First, we address the overall development of maternal, perinatal and infant health using a range of indicators, such as maternal mortality, neonatal mortality, and stillbirth rates. We also describe how institu
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is a promising but challenging combustion engine concept. The potential for good fuel economy and low emissions is high but the transient performance required for automotive applications presents a few problems still to be solved. The focus of this work is identification of the process dynamics. An ARX type model is fitted to input-output data. A meth
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion lacks direct ignition timing control, instead the auto ignition depends on the operating condition. Since auto ignition of a homogeneous mixture is very sensitive to operating condition a fast combustion timing control is necessary for reliable operation, the ignition timing control design requiring appropriate models and system output vari
This paper offers a two-zone, physical, NOx model with low computational cost, implemented in C on an embedded system. The model is able to compute NOx-emission formation with high time resolution during an engine cycle. To do this the model takes cylinder pressure and injected fuel amount as inputs and produces NO concentration as output. The model as such is not new, nevertheless the physical ba
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recall of breathlessness is important for clinical care but might differ from the experienced (momentary) symptoms. This study aimed to characterize the relationship between momentary breathlessness ratings and the recall of the experience. It is hypothesized that recall is influenced by the peak (worst) and end (most recent) ratings of momentary breathlessness (peak-end
Background: The influence of familial factors on the prognosis of ischemic stroke (IS) is unknown. This nationwide follow-up study evaluated familial mortality risks of IS among Swedish sibling pairs hospitalized for IS. Methods: We linked Swedish nationwide registers for the identification of 1380 Swedish born sibling pairs (2760 cases), where both siblings were hospitalized for first-time IS bet
Sensitive detection of low-abundance biomolecules is central for diagnostic applications. Semiconductor nanowires can be designed to enhance the fluorescence signal from surface-bound molecules, prospectively improving the limit of optical detection. However, to achieve the desired control of physical dimensions and material properties, one currently uses relatively expensive substrates and slow e
Objectives: Reproductive history of women is of importance to estimate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. One aspect of that history is the reproductive life span (RLS), the period between onset of menarche and menopause. Previous studies have indicated an increased risk associated with shorter RLS, but this has never previously been tested in Scandinavian women. Our aim was to investigate such as
