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From the recent mortality trends in Central and Eastern Europe, it is clear that in the former socialist countries the economic transition had a different effect on male and female mortality: premature death became much more frequent among males, and the gender mortality gap increased as a result. The psycho-social stress hypothesis (Cornia and Paniccia, 2001) explains the Eastern European experie
This essay is an overview about research in EE, Expressed Emotion, during the years of 1972 – 2008. This concept comes from research on schizophrenia where it became apparent that in families having high EE, as exemplified by hostility, criticism and overinvolvment, the patient had a larger risk of recurrence. To evaluate EE most often the Camberwell Family Interview is used. The concept of EE has
The military and defense industry is a historically stigmatized industry, but many argue that public opinion has changed since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Organizational stigma, the widespread negative perception of firms due to their activities or the industries they operate in, affects a firm's relationships with external partners. While previous research has discussed its influence on bra
Nepal is one of the countries where remittances in proportion of the GDP are the highest with 28,8 per cent in 2013. A total of 7,2 per cent of Nepal’s population are found abroad and the remittances that they transfer back have been recognized to play an important role in reducing poverty in Nepal, even though critics argue that these remittances are only spent and not invested. The two aims of t
Det har visat sig att fysisk aktivitet minskar risken för en rad olika sjukdomar. Studien syftade till att undersöka fysisk aktivitet i olika kontexter och på olika nivåer för att bidra med ny kunskap om eventuella hälsofördelar med fysisk aktivitet. Då det är betydelsefullt för organisationens effektivitet och produktivitet att de anställda mår bra är det också viktigt att organisationen arbetar Physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of several illnesses. The study aimed to investigate physical activity in different contexts and on different levels to contribute with new knowledge about possible health benefits linked to physical activity. Since the health of the employees is crucial for the organization’s efficiency and productivity it is important that organizations promote
Svenska elitidrottares mentala träningsvanor undersöktes genom en webbaserad enkätundersökning som besvarades av 47 aktiva idrottare (28 män, 19 kvinnor, ålder 16-37, M=25) inom fotboll, friidrott, handboll, ishockey och tennis. Studien visade att svenska elitidrottare i genomsnitt ägnar 41 minuter i veckan åt olika mentala träningsformer, dock med stor individuell spridning. Mängden mental träninThis paper aimed to study to what extent Swedish elite athletes engage themselves in psychological skills training (PST). The study was conducted through a web-based survey with 47 respondents (28 men, 19 women, age 16-37, M=25) from five sports; handball, ice hockey, soccer, tennis and track and field. The results showed that the athletes spend on average 41 minutes a week on different types of m
In change management, approaches to handle change have been broader discussed, from a ‘top-down’ outdated method to a ‘bottom-up’ inclusive model. Scholars have discussed the advantages of having an inclusive model which is re-lated to the directional flow of change communication. Nevertheless, leaders still struggle with the implementation of this model due to several factors that affect their ch
Denna uppsats argumenterar för behovet av mer forskning, förståelse och medvetenhet kring destruktiva konsekvenser av ledarskap. Företag drabbas i dag av nedskärningar, stora förändringar och hög grad av arbetsbelastning. Dessa faktorer skapar tillsammans en grogrund för mellanmänskliga konflikter inom företagen, varför ledarskap får sig en allt större och mer betydelsefull roll. Genom att utforsk
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund Coeliaki eller glutenenteropati (GE) är beteckningar på ett så kallat malabsorptionstillstånd, dvs ett tillstånd med brister (som kan omfatta bl a B-vitaminer, järn och kalk) och/eller diarré till följd av inflammation i tarmen. Vid GE sitter inflammationen i slemhinnan i början av tunntarmen. GE omnämndes första gången av Araeteus i Rom 2:a århundradet efter
Traditional risk assessment frameworks have been focused primarily on the factors of likelihood and impact, utilizing either a numerical (e.g. 1 to 5) or qualitative (e.g.low,medium, high) rating scale, resulting in the traditional two dimensional framework. The challenge of this model is that the focus is too narrow to eectively assess constantly changing risk environments and fails to dierentiat
This master’s thesis relates to the design of prefabricated balconies. Such balconies are often designed in different ways. A separate investigation of what is technically possible regarding, among other things, supports and balcony sizes must often be performed in every project involving balconies. Three kinds of solutions are presented. These are tie rod, cantilever and column supported balconie
Metalloenzymes are proteins that contain one or more metal ions bound to protein. They constitute about one-third of all enzymes known so far and they often perform hard chemical reactions involving small substrates, like H2 and N2. In our research, we focus on those metal ions that are located in the active sites and perform redox reactions, i.e. involving electron transfer. Why enzymes?Metalloenzymes catalyse a wide variety of reactions in nature. In the thesis, I have studied the reaction mechanism of three metalloenzymes, viz. [NiFe] hydrogenase (H2ase), dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (DMSOR) and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), by theoretical methods, namely quantum mechanics (QM), combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanics (QM/MM), as well as QM/MM thermodynamic cycle per
Sex trafficking of women is an increasing phenomenon that affects mostly black women in Brazil. Governmental attempts to confront the crime have been made, however, the number of victims in the country continues to grow. The aim of this thesis is to examine the processes that impede the effectiveness of the policy and legislation in place which are made to protect the victims and counter the crime
Thirty years on, gender mainstreaming is still a dominant strategy for working with gender equality, even though its effectiveness is debated. This is also the case in Sweden. This study focuses on how organizations in public administration, particularly municipalities and regions, are introduced to and approach gender mainstreaming. It aims to contribute with in-depth knowledge of how organizatio
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and patellofemoral pain (PFP) are common sports-related knee injuries. Their consequences include compromised health of the effected individual and substantial financial costs for society. Increased knee abduction or a knee medial to foot position (KMFP), so called “kissing knees”, during weight-bearing activities is reported to be more common in patients wi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Behandlingsideologier och arbetsmodeller avlöser varandra snabbt i dagens samhälle. Att hänga med i det nya och samtidigt försvara det arbete som man gör eller tidigare gjort är en problematik som allt fler ställs inför. I spelet mellan olika inriktningar byggs det upp en argumentation. I denna avhandling analyseras hur anställda vid en psykiatrisk vårdinstitution, specTreatment ideologies and working models replace each other quickly in today's society. During the 1980s a dramatic dismantling of the psychiatric institutions occurred. The health care system was supposed to be transferred to non-institutional care. This was, however, not possible for all groups of patients. At an institution, specialized in so called demanding patients and patients who received c
Presently, there is no single, coherent theory on the causality between cities and economic growth, only a fragmented set of theories. Current patterns and trends for the relationship between cities and economic growth, however, suggest that a full understanding of contemporary processes will not be achieved by relying on the tools of one discipline alone, or by focusing on a single level of analy
