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Abstract The circular distribution of the willow warbler Phylloscopus trochilus around the Baltic Sea shares many features with the classic examples of ring species; however, the system is much younger. It has previously been shown that a secondary contact zone is located in central Scandinavia, where there are narrow clines for several morphological traits coincident with a migratory divide. Here

Carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and radiocarbon (14CO2) measurements have been made in Heidelberg from 2001 to 2004 in order to determine the regional fossil fuel CO2 component and to investigate the application of CO as a quantitative tracer for fossil fuel CO2 (CO2(foss)). The observations were compared with model estimates simulated with the regional transport model REMO at 0.5° × 0

Particle emissions from residential wood combustion in small communities in Northern Sweden can sometimes increase the ambient particle concentrations to levels comparable to densely trafficked streets in the center of large cities. The reason for this is the combination of increased need for domestic heating during periods of low temperatures, leading to higher emission rates, and stable meteorol

This study examines the consequences of variation in the laying and hatching date for the time of metamorphosis in the common frog Rana temporaria. Field data are presented showing that eggs laid early tend to take longer to develop. Thus, the time advantage for early eggs is reduced at the time of hatching. There was an among-year variation in this phenomenon; it was not manifest in a phenologica

Quaternary glacial stratigraphy and relative sea-level changes reveal at least four expansions of the Kara Sea ice sheet over the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago at 79 degrees N in the Russian Arctic, as indicated from tills interbedded with marine sediments, exposed in stratigraphic superposition, and from raised-beach sequences that occur at altitudes up to 140 m a.s.l. Chronologic control is provi

Background: Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a leading cause of mortality after major liver resection. Accurate preoperative risk assessment is essential, yet current methods have limitations. Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (Gd-EOB MRI) enables both morphological and functional evaluation of the liver. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the hepatic uptake index (HUI) obtain

The Velika Vrbica loess-palaeosol sequence (LPS) in northeastern Serbia, located at the westernmost boundary of the Wallachian Basin, provides a high-resolution terrestrial archive of palaeoenvironmental changes spanning Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3 to MIS 1. This study integrates optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, magnetic susceptibility (χ), and mass accumulation rates (MAR) to rec

As a complementary product to the Tetra Brik Aseptic packaging system, Tetra Pak is about to introduce a new, value added, aseptic packaging system called SCAP. The SCAP packages consists of a lower part made of carton and an upper part made of plastic, similar to a PET-bottle, resulting in a bottle shaped package. The purpose of this thesis is to design a logistical- and material-handling system

When did the Reformation end? Reformation, confessionalization and the representation of Martin Luther in Swedish 16th-century printIn the past decades, Swedish scholars have used the concept of the Reformation to refer to a long process of religious change in Sweden between 1527 and 1593. The influence from the term ”the long reformation” used in the Anglo-Saxon world is tangible. Instead, this e

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of a surgical site infection (SSI) in dermatologic surgery can be entirely based on a subjective assessment according to the 4th criterion of the most common definition of an SSI, which was established by the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC).OBJECTIVES: To investigate the interobserver agreement between dermatologists in their diagnosis of SSI of dermatosurgical wounds.ME

When we study the properties of a test procedure, two aspects are of prime importance. Firstly, we wish to know if the actual size of the test (i.e., the probability of rejecting the null when true) is close to the nominal size (used for calculating the critical values). Given that the actual size is a reasonable approximation to the nominal size, we then wish to investigate the actual power of th

More than 100 distinct mutations in the gene (SOD1) for human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) have been associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS). Studies of these mutant proteins, which often have been performed under far from physiological conditions, have indicated effects on protein stabilities, catalytic activity, and metal binding affinities but with no common

Since the beginning of African decolonisation in the mid-twentieth century, many newly independent countries struggled to embark upon a path of sustained economic growth to raise their populations out of poverty. One of these countries is Tanzania. Surrounded by the Great Lakes on the west and bordering the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania is the fifth-most populous country in Africa. It is also

Background: The SIOP-Renal Tumor Study Group (RTSG) does not advocate invasive procedures to determine histology before the start of therapy. This may induce misdiagnosis-based treatment initiation, but only for a relatively small percentage of approximately 10% of non-Wilms tumors (non-WTs). MRI could be useful for reducing misdiagnosis, but there is no global consensus on differentiating charact

Background: Hip fractures are common in older individuals entailing considerable risk of morbidity and mortality. Instruments are needed to enhance risk stratification of hip fracture patients. There is limited knowledge of the role of biomarkers as risk prognosticators for mortality in hip fracture patients.Aims: We assessed how well two well known risk stratification tools performed in a cohort

Ichthyoses are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of genodermatoses associated with abnormal scaling of the skin over the whole body. Mutations in nine genes are known to cause non-syndromic forms of autosomal-recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI). However, not all genetic causes for ARCI have been discovered to date. Using whole-exome sequencing (WES) and multigene panel screening,

Cak1p is an essential protein kinase that phosphorylates and thereby activates the major cyclin-dependent kinase in budding yeast, Cdc28p. The sequence of Cak1p differs from other members of the protein kinase superfamily in several conserved regions. Cak1p lacks the highly conserved glycine loop motif (GXGXXG) that is found in the nucleotide binding fold of virtually all protein kinases and also

About 25,3 % of the Mozambican population is suffering from undernourishment even though a sufficient amount of food and specifically fruits are produced. Post-harvest losses are estimated to 25 % to 40 % and part of the production is not even harvested due to a short season. A solution has to be found to improve fruit preservation and allow the population to consume what is harvested later. Dryin

Background In vivo studies of airway pathology in obstructive lung disease are limited by poor quality of specimens obtained with forceps. Obtainment of cryobiopsies has increased diagnostic yield in cancer and interstitial lung disease but has not been used in patients with asthma. In a recent pilot study, we found mucosal cryobiopsies to be larger and more intact than conventional forceps biopsi