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Summary. This review describes the background for the development of recombinant FVIIa (rFVIIa; NovoSeven) for use in haemophilic patients with inhibitors. The first proof of principle for using pharmacological doses of FVIIa as a haemostatic agent was obtained by producing small amounts of pure plasma-derived FVIIa, which showed encouraging effect in two patients with haemophilia A and inhibitors
The measured net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 between the ecosystem and the atmosphere reflects the balance between gross CO2 assimilation [gross primary production (GPP)] and ecosystem respiration (R-eco). For understanding the mechanistic responses of ecosystem processes to environmental change it is important to separate these two flux components. Two approaches are conventionally used: (1)
We investigate whether the eye parameter of bumblebees—a visual trait measuring the tradeoff between light sensitivity and visual resolution—is associated with: (i) local habitats, (ii) forest cover at the landscape scale (1 km radius), and (iii) the shade tolerance of the plants they forage on. The association of bumblebee species with local habitat and forest cover at the landscape scale was ana
Rationale, Aims and Objectives: Colonoscopy, though common, can be uncomfortable, necessitating routine assessment of patient experience per European guidelines. Positive patient experiences are crucial as they influence willingness for repeat procedures. Patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) effectively capture patient perspectives through surveys, empowering patients to influence healthca
Peatland trees are valuable archives of paleoclimatic information; however, gaps persist in understanding the relationships between tree growth, peatland hydrology, and hydroclimate variables. While previous research in peatlands has mainly focused on tree-ring widths (TRW), yielding inconclusive results, the potential of stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopes in tree rings remains unexpl
Background: Generating parasite genomes is challenging when little of the DNA in infected host tissue is from the parasite. We used selective whole genome amplification (SWGA) to generate genomic data from wildlife samples of the avian haemosporidian Haemoproteus majoris (lineage PARUS1) and its host, the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus). Methods: We used SWGA to amplify the parasite DNA in nine avi
Understanding the dynamics of post-fire carbon recovery is critical for managing boreal forests under climate change. This study evaluates the LPJ-GUESS-BLAZE models’ performance in simulating vegetation structure, fire emissions, and post-fire carbon dynamics at the stand scale in a boreal forest in Sweden. Combining current climate and future scenarios (SSP1–2.6, SSP5–8.5), we investigated the i
This study examines how small and medium-sized, logistically prominent cities with climate ambitions govern their urban freight systems toward sustainability. It provides a framework for analyzing cities' governance from a socio-technical transition perspective and explores the interrelations between governance activity design and city administrations' capabilities to manage system development. Co
Departure deviations from shunting yards impact the reliability of rail freight services and the punctuality of a railway network. Therefore, the statistical analysis of these deviations are necessary for improving the operation of trains in mixed-traffic networks. In our paper, we conduct a detailed statistical analysis of departure deviations considering individual shunting yards characteristics
Climate warming is driving changes in species distributions and community composition. Many species have a so-called climatic debt, that is, shifts in range lag behind shifts in temperature isoclines. Inside protected areas (PAs), community changes in response to climate warming can be facilitated by greater colonization rates by warm-dwelling species, but also mitigated by lowering extirpation ra
Litter decomposition produces labile and recalcitrant forms of dissolved organic matter (DOM) that significantly affect soil carbon (C) sequestration. Chemical analysis of this DOM can provide important knowledge for understanding soil DOM dynamics, but detailed molecular analyses on litter derived DOM are scarce. Here we use ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) to characterize the m
BackgroundHealth systems are based on 6 functions that need to work together at all times to effectively deliver safe and quality health services. These functions are vulnerable to shocks and changes; if a health system is unable to withstand the pressure from a shock, it may cease to function or collapse. The concept of resilience has been introduced with the goal of strengthening health systems
Context. Measuring the abundances of neutron-capture elements in Galactic disk stars is an important part of understanding key stellar and galactic processes. In the optical wavelength regime a number of different neutron-capture elements have been measured; however, only the s-process-dominated element cerium has been accurately measured for a large sample of disk stars from the infrared H band.
Elevated ozone (eO3) and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition are important climate change components that can affect plant growth and plant-soil-microbe interactions. However, the understanding of how eO3 and its interaction with N deposition affect soil microbially mediated carbon (C) cycling and the fate of soil C stocks is limited. This study aimed to test how eO3 and N deposition affected soil
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a major source of macronutrients to freshwaters, yet it has variable and poorly understood bioavailability. Because intrinsic variation in bioavailability is caused by chemical structures of organic nutrients, DOM composition data should improve predictions of bioavailable resource pool sizes. We hypothesized that bioavailable organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) f
While Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI), particularly tools powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), offer benefits in teaching and learning, they also raise critical concerns about academic integrity, fairness in examinations d ue to their potential for generating educational content. This evolving landscape requires higher education institutions to rethink their assessment models, ensurin
Rapid urban growth is making cities hotter, a trend further exacerbated by climate change. Urban green spaces (UGS) are commonly used as nature-based solutions to reduce heat, but there are gaps in understanding how cooling effects vary across climate zones. Using satellite data from 2021 to 2024, we examined urban heat and UGS patterns during the hot season across four Ethiopian cities with diffe
Modes of climate variability affect global and regional climates on different spatio-temporal scales, and they have important impacts on human activities and ecosystems. As these modes are a useful tool for simplifying the understanding of the climate system, it is crucial that we gain improved knowledge of their long-term past evolution and interactions over time to contextualise their present an
Aim The impact of multiple stressors on biodiversity is one of the most pressing questions in ecology and biodiversity conservation. Here we critically assess how often and efficiently two main drivers of global change have been simultaneously integrated into research, with the aim of providing practical solutions for better integration in the future. We focus on the integration of climate change
