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Background: There is a great variability in licit prescription drug use in the population and among patients. Factors other than purely medical ones have proven to be of importance for the prescribing of licit drugs. For example, individuals with a high age, female gender and low socioeconomic status are more likely to use licit prescription drugs. However, these results have not been adjusted for

The key question answered by this study is whether it is possible to deliver a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic duration of antidiuretic action long enough to ensure adequate antidiuresis with two daily administrations of desmopressin in patients with central diabetes insipidus (CDI). We studied the efficacy and safety of desmopressin i.v. in 13 CDI patients using two 3-way crossover designs, i

The climate impact of new cars in Sweden 2009 has been evaluated by the Swedish Transport Administration. Their report takes into account reduction factors to attribute the positive impact of renewable fuels on CO2 emissions. The Swedish Transport Administration recommends the public to buy cars that can run on biofuels. Besides acknowledging prevailing uncertainties for many of the input paramete

The impact of climate and emissions changes on the deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) over Europe was studied using four offline regional chemistry transport models (CTMs) driven by the same global projection of future climate over the period 2000-2050. Anthropogenic emissions for the years 2005 and 2050 were used for simulations of both present and future periods in order to isolate the impact

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) may help to understand the effects of genetic polymorphisms on breast cancer (BC) progression and survival. However, they give only a focused view, which cannot capture the tremendous complexity of this disease. Therefore, we investigated data from a previously conducted GWAS on BC survival for enriched pathways by different enrichment analysis tools using t

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling är att fokusera på barndepressioner i Jordanien, och specifikt vad gäller förekomst, symptom och orsaker. En jordansk översättning av Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) har använts och resultatet visar att av 534 barn i åldrarna 11-12 år lider 33 av svår depression. I intervjuer med både lärare och de identifierade depressThe purpose of this thesis is to scrutinise the situation of children with depression in Jordan. The Jordanian translation of the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) is used in this study. The original sample on which the study tools were applied consisted of 534 children. The data was analysed according to the SPSS programme. The results of the study show that the Jordanian translation of the C

Between 1840 and 1940, more than one million people emigrated from Sweden to America. The fact that so many chose to leave to seek a better life across the Atlantic was a major trauma for the Swedish nation. Filmmakers were not slow to pick up on an exodus that proved to be of lasting importance for the Swedes’ national identity. In Welcome Home Mr Swanson, film studies scholar Ann-Kristin Walleng

When we study the properties of a test procedure, two aspects are of prime importance. Firstly, we wish to know if the actual size of the test (i.e., the probability of rejecting the null when true) is close to the nominal size (used for calculating the critical values). Given that the actual size is a reasonable approximation to the nominal size, we then wish to investigate the actual power of th

Popular Abstract in Swedish BAKGRUND Bukspottkörteln, pankreas, är ett organ med två huvudfunktioner. Dels bildar körteln ett flertal hormoner som framförallt styr sockeromsättningen och dels bildar pankreas ett bikarbonatrikt sekret som neutraliserar den sura magsaften i tolvfingertarmen och som innehåller förstadier (proenzym) till ett flertal enzym verksamma vid nedbrytning av födans beståndsdePancreatic enzymes, neutrophils, free radicals and cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of AP. Clarification of their interaction and time-course will improve our understanding of AP and provide a better basis for treatment. 20% will develop severe AP and benefit from improved treatment why an accurate test for prediction of severity is needed. Aims: To investigate the interactions betwee

PURPOSE: To assess the impact of comprehensive palliative care on patients' quality of life. The intervention was based on cooperation between a palliative medicine unit and the community service and was compared with conventional care. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cluster randomized trial was carried out, with community health care districts defined as the clusters. Patients from these districts who h

Objective: The proteoglycan decorin stabilizes collagen whereas biglycan and hyaluronan disrupt well-organized collagen. The aim was to compare hyaluronan and proteoglycans in human fetal membranes obtained before and after spontaneous labour at term. Study design: Prelabour samples of fetal membranes (N = 9) were obtained from elective caesarean sections and regionally sampled from over the cervi

BACKGROUND: Our aim was to describe changes in the volume and vascularization of both ovaries, the dominant follicle and the corpus luteum during the normal menstrual cycle using three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasound. METHODS: Fourteen healthy volunteers underwent serial transvaginal 3D ultrasound examinations of both ovaries on cycle day 2, 3 or 4, then daily from cycle day 9 until foll

Problems related to the urogenital tract are common in elderly women. Control of micturition is often impeded and questionnaire-based studies have reported a prevalence of poor control of micturition in about 30% of postmenopausal women. In an ongoing cohort comprising women born between 1935 and 1945, an interim analysis was performed in 1800 women based on an interview and questionnaire. The pre

Clinical diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia is difficult. The aim of this review is to provide current status on the search for an accurate plasma biomarker for acute mesenteric ischemia. A search using the medical subject heading terms marker and mesenteric ischemia or intestinal ischemia or superior mesenteric artery occlusion or mesenteric venous thrombosis in the Medline and Embase databas

BACKGROUND:: Case and single center reports have documented the feasibility and suggested the effectiveness of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAAs), but the role and value of such treatment remain controversial. OBJECTIVE:: To clarify these we examined a collected experience with use of EVAR for RAAA treatment from 49 centers. METHODS:: Data were obtai

Solute transport in the unsaturated zone is a complex process. The first of the two objectives for this study was to examine how it could be conceptualized under different flow conditions. The second objective was to investigate how the time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique should be used in order to obtain high quality data from the soils studied. The TDR is an accurate instrument for water c

This study investigates the drivers of water use efficiency (WUE), a key metric of water resources management, and its changes over eight regions across China from 1982 to 2015 based on gross primary production (GPP) and actual evapotranspiration (AET) datasets. The order of seasonal change of WUE from large to small is autumn, summer, spring and winter. The drivers include seven variables, air te

Organic carbon burial in lake sediments plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, and is heavily affected by the terrestrial organic matter input. However, few studies have focused on long-term changes in terrestrial organic matter input to lakes in response to land-use changes. The aim of this study was to assess variations in sedimentary terrestrial organic matter over the last 1000 ye