The Interplay of Climate Change, Urbanisation, and Species Traits Shapes European Butterfly Population Trends
ABSTRACT Aim To examine how butterfly population trends respond to climate change and urbanisation at a continental scale, and whether responses differ between urban and rural environments. Location 869 sites across 12 European countries, spanning six bioclimatic zones. Time Period 1976?2021. Major Taxa Studied Butterflies (Lepidoptera). Methods We analysed long-term monitoring data from >?8400 po
