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Land cover governs biogeophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks between the land surface and atmosphere. Holocene vegetation-atmosphere interactions are of particular interest, both to understand the climate effects of intensifying human land use and as a possible explanation for the Holocene Conundrum, a widely studied mismatch between simulated and reconstructed temperatures. Progress addressing
Land cover governs the biogeophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks between the land surface and atmosphere. Holocene vegetation-atmosphere interactions are of particular interest, both to understand the climate effects of intensifying human land use and as a possible explanation for the Holocene temperature conundrum, a widely studied mismatch between simulated and reconstructed temperatures. Prog
Considering the Islamic perspective on forced migration and displacement, along with the conceptual framework of Islamic social welfare instruments as tools for wealth redistribution to support those in need, this study explores the potential complementarity between Islamic and conventional financing in addressing refugees' basic needs and economic empowerment. Specifically, this research examines
This textbook covers the mathematics needed to model, analyze, and design feedback systems. Now more user-friendly than ever, this revised and expanded edition of Feedback Systems is a one-volume resource for students and researchers in mathematics and engineering. It has applications across a range of disciplines that utilize feedback in physical, biological, information, and economic systems. Ka
This study uniquely combines advanced continental-scale data fromtwo distinct sources: pollen-based land cover (PbLC) and ancient DNA(aDNA), developing a novel statistical model for spatiotemporal reconstructionsof past land use across Europe.The aDNA data serves as a proxy for human habitation, differentiatinganthropogenic and natural land cover from PbLC reconstruction. Thiswill be accomplished
Accurate maps of past land cover and human land use are necessary for studying the impact of anthropogenic land-cover changes, such as deforestation, on the climate. The maps of past land cover should ideally be separated into naturally occurring vegetation and human-induced changes, thereby enabling the quantification of the effect of human land use on the past climate. A Bayesian hierarchical mo
A growing body of observations has revealed rapid changes in both the total inventory and the distribution of marine oxygen over the latter half of the 20th century, leading to increased interest in extending oxygenation records into the past. The use of paleo-oxygen proxies has the potential to extend the spatial and temporal range of current records, constrain pre-anthropogenic baselines, provid
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a research facility under construction aiming to be the world’s most powerful pulsed neutron source. It is powered by a complex particle accelerator designed to provide a 2.86 ms long proton pulse at 2 GeV with a repetition rate of 14 Hz. Protons are accelerated via cavity fields through various accelerating structures that are powered by Radio-Frequency (RF
Solid dispersions are promising drug delivery forms which offer the possibility to disperse a hydrophobic drug in a hydrophilic matrix and thereby improve the dissolution behavior and the bioavailability of the drug. One important aspect and a prerequisite in understanding the drug dissolution mechanism from solid dispersions is a better analytical monitoring of the solid dispersion surface proper
Quantum technologies and experiments often require preparing systems in low-temperature states. Here we investigate cooling schemes using feedback protocols modeled with a quantum Fokker-Planck master equation (QFPME) recently derived by Annby-Andersson et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 050401 (2022)0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.129.050401]. This equation describes systems under continuous weak measure
This paper deals with the centroid and formation control problem of multi–agent robotic systems. The proposed solution is based on a leader–follower scheme, where only a subset of agents, i.e., the leaders, knows the desired trajectories for the centroid and the formation of the system, while the other agents, i.e., the followers, are required to estimate them through a dynamic consensus scheme. T
Bayesian optimization is a widely used method for optimizing expensive black-box functions, with Expected Improvement being one of the most commonly used acquisition functions. In contrast, information-theoretic acquisition functions aim to reduce uncertainty about the function's optimum and are often considered fundamentally distinct from EI. In this work, we challenge this prevailing perspective
Mitochondrial replacement therapy has been developed in order to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial mutations, yet it raises ethical concerns, particularly regarding the involvement of third-party DNA and the risks associated with donor procedures. This paper explores an alternative approach using synthetic DNA (synDNA) to construct mitochondrial organelles, thereby bypassing the need for d
Virtual reality (VR) is a technology that offers near real-world experiences in various fields. With the widespread use of virtual environments designed to provide VR experiences, the amount of data collected from these environments has increased rapidly. However, as the volume of data grows, there is a need to develop analysis processes and advance the data-driven development model. In this study
Introduction: Academic achievement (AA) is associated with smoking rates. Can we determine the degree to which this relationship is likely a causal one? Methods: We predict smoking in male conscripts (mean age 18.2) assessed from 1984 to 1991 (N = 233 248) and pregnant females (mean age 27.7) receiving prenatal care 1972-1990 (N = 494 995) from AA assessed in all students at 16. Instrumental varia
Radiopharmaceuticals have been used for the treatment of various forms of cancer since the 1940s. In recent years, the advantages of alpha emitting radionuclides have emerged as a favourable treatment option. However, most alpha emitting radionuclides have long decay chains with long-lived daughter radionuclides. This leads to uncertainties in the dosimetry for normal organs and tissues, when esta
Postural control and vestibular and eye motor function were evaluated in 7 postlingually deaf patients before cochlear implantation as vibration toward the calf muscles or galvanic electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerves perturbed stance. The patients were compared with 21 control subjects. Vibration-induced bodysway was increased in the patients compared to the normals. Galvanic stimulati
