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Rational & Objective: Sarcopenia is linked to increased morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but its definition and assessment vary considerably across studies. This study evaluated the technical feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–based assessment of adverse muscle composition (AMC)—defined as low muscle volume and high fat infiltration—and its associations wit

Background The distal forearm fracture is the most common fracture in children. To allocate health care resources and evaluate if prevention strategies have been successful, it is essential to monitor changes in the epidemiology of common fractures. Methods Our hospital serves a city in which year 2006 included 276,244 inhabitants (49,664 <17 years of age). Through the hospital archives, we identi

The mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) has been described as a Survival factor for dopaminergic neurons in vitro, but its expression in mammalian tissues is poorly known. MANF and a homologous Protein, the conserved dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF), form a novel evolutionary conserved family of neurotrophic factors. Here we used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemi

It has traditionally been believed that only the human collagenases (matrix metalloproteinase-1, -8, and -13) are capable of initiating the degradation of collagens. Here, we show that human trypsin-2 is also capable of cleaving the triple helix of human cartilage collagen type II. We purified human trypsin-2 and tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor by affinity chromatography whereas collagen type I

Aims/hypothesis: Pancreatic beta cell dysfunction is a prerequisite for the development of type 2 diabetes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) may affect pancreatic endocrine function and glucose homeostasis through alterations in gene regulation. Our aim was to investigate the role of HDAC7 in human and rat pancreatic islets and clonal INS-1 beta cells (INS-1 832/13). Methods: To explore the role of HD

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have observed decreased serum CRP levels in patients with established Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to controls or other diagnostic groups of elderly patients with mental illness. METHODS: We have investigated the relation between CRP level and the severity of AD as assessed by cognitive function, brain imaging and survival time. RESULTS: Patients with AD showed ov

The effect of strain and transforming growth factor beta on equine tendon fibroblasts (tenocytes) was assessed in vitro. Tenocytes were isolated from flexor and extensor tendons of horses from foetal to 10 years of age. These cells were cultured until confluent on collagen-coated silicone dishes. Cyclic biaxial strain of 9 +/- 1% was applied at 0.5 Hz for 24 hours with or without added TGFbeta1 or

Nesfatin-1 is a novel anorexigenic regulatory peptide. The peptide is the N-terminal part of nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) and is expressed in brain areas regulating feeding. Outside the brain, nesfatin-1 expression has been reported in adipocytes, gastric endocrine cells and islet cells. We studied NUCB2 expression in human and rodent islets using immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization and western b

We have previously identified C1 domain-containing phosphatase and TENsin homologue (C1-TEN) as being an intracellular binding partner for Axl receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). C1-TEN is a tensin-related protein that houses an N-terminal region with predicted structural similarity to PTEN. Here, we report our observations on the effects of ectopic expression of C1-TEN in HEK293 cells, which resulted

The interplay between political parties and teachers’ unions has transformed. At the same time, education policy has been prioritized on the reform agenda in Sweden. Parties and unions are key actors in the development of education policy, but their interplay is a neglected area within earlier research. Therefore, the following paper seeks to examine how the interplay between parties and unions ha

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for vascular disease. In order to evaluate relations between hyperhomocysteinemia and endothelial and leukocyte function, the investigators related homocysteine to indices of endothelial function (plasma endothelin-1 [p-ET-1] and intraplatelet levels of the nitric oxide [NO] and prostacyclin mediators 3'-5' guanosine monophosphate [cGMP] and cycli

Aptitude for and proficiency in acquiring new languages varies in the human population but their neural bases are largely unknown. We investigated the influence of cortical thickness on language learning predictors measured by the LLAMA tests and a pitch-change discrimination test. The LLAMA tests are first language-independent assessments of language learning aptitude for vocabulary, phonetic wor

Many brand managers have long since established the desired core values for their brand, but are still not sure whether they differentiate themselves enough from their most daunting competitors, and whether their brand actually helps to boost sales of their products. This chapter describes a basic brand equity framework for understanding how brand management can create customer value and sharehold

Background: Physical activity (PA) increases bone mass, especially in late prepuberty and early puberty, but it remains unclear if and how PA affects both bone formation and bone resorption. Materials and Methods: We included 191 boys and 158 girls aged 7.7 ± 0.6 (mean ± SD) in a population-based PA intervention study. The intervention group (123 boys and 94 girls) received daily physical educatio