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Air pollution has become a widespread consequence of human activities, with increasing urbanization and a warming climate shaping its distribution and effects. Organisms with distinct respiratory systems and physiological traits are exposed to multiple air pollutants across human-modified environments, particularly in cities. However, much of our current understanding of how air pollutants affect
Skeletal muscle capillary density is correlated with physical performance and whole-body metabolic properties. Thus, we performed a genome-wide association study of skeletal muscle capillary-to-fiber ratio (C:F) (n = 603 males) and found that the rs115660502 G allele was associated (p < 5 × 10 -8) with increased C:F and reduced skeletal muscle expression of RAB3 GTPase-activating non-catalytic p
Adenoviruses aggregate in the presence of type‐specific antibodies against whole virus particles. These aggregates were found to damage human cells in vitro in far higher order of magnitude than virus alone, when virus and type‐specific antibodies were mixed at a certain virus‐antibody ratio. No cytotoxicity occurred when the virus was mixed with type‐specific antibodies in higher or lower dilutio
Dissemination of Bacillus anthracis from the respiratory mucosa is a critical step in the establishment of inhalational anthrax. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that this organism was able to penetrate the lung epithelium by directly entering into epithelial cells of the lung; however the molecular details of B. anthracis breaching the epithelium were lacking. Here, using a combinati
Canesin et al. describe a role and mechanism for labile heme as a key player in regulating gene expression to promote carcinogenesis via binding to G-quadruplex in the c-MYC promoter. Hemopexin, a heme scavenger, may be used as a strategy to block progression of cancer.
HLA-associated relative risks of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus were analysed in population-based Swedish patients and controls aged 0-34 years. The age dependence of HLA-associated relative risks was assessed by likelihood ratio tests of regression parameters in separate logistic regression models for each HLA category. The analyses demonstrated an attenuation with increasing age at
This paper investigates the empirical relationship between countries’ expressed concerns with fairness and the ambition levels in their pledged contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement, asking the following questions: 1) Are the NDCs of countries who express the most concern with fairness more or less ambitious than those of other countries? 2) Does the relationship between fairness and ambitio
The RAI gene is also known as iASPP and PPP1R13L. Recent investigations have shown that the region encompassing RAI is important for the development of cancer in young and middle-aged persons. It has been speculated that the RAI product induces apoptosis by blocking NF-kappaB or inhibits apoptosis by blocking p53. Either way the gene could influence the survival of precancerous lesions. Here we re
Objectives: . SLE is an autoimmune disease with increased cardiovascular morbidity and platelet activation. In the general population, increased platelet size predicts platelet reactivity and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether platelet size related to platelet activation and cardiovascular disease in SLE.Methods: . Fresh blood samples from SLE patients ( n = 1
Purpose: This study investigated sleep, television, computer habits, and obesity in school-age children. Design and methods: This was a cross-sectional self-report survey of 1260 children in grade 4 (mean age, 10.1) living in southern Sweden (49.1% boys). The heights and weights of 1097 (87.1%) of the children were recorded. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multiple logistic regress
Survival to extreme ages clusters within families. However, identifying genetic loci conferring longevity and low morbidity in such longevous families is challenging. There is debate concerning the survival percentile that best isolates the genetic component in longevity. Here, we use three-generational mortality data from two large datasets, UPDB (US) and LINKS (Netherlands). We study 20,360 unse
In this paper, we present the case of a couple who refused to disclose the sex of their child to others, and some of the responses that this case prompted in the international media. We outline the ethical issues that this case raises, and we place it into the more general context of parental preferences regarding the gender (development) of their children and of the impact on children of parental
Rrp6 is an exoribonuclease involved in the quality control of mRNA biogenesis. We have analyzed the association of Rrp6 with the Balbiani ring pre-mRNPs of Chironomus tentans to obtain insight into the role of Rrp6 in splicing surveillance. Rrp6 is recruited to transcribed genes and its distribution along the genes does not correlate with the positions of exons and introns. In the nucleoplasm, Rrp
TGFB1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is a potent cytokine playing a driving role in development, fibrosis and cancer. It is synthesized as prodomain-growth factor complex that requires tethering to LTBP (latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein) for efficient secretion into the extracellular space. Upon release, this large latent complex is sequestered by anchorage to extracellu
Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is an endogenous inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase that modulates lipid levels, coronary atherosclerosis risk, and nutrient partitioning. We hypothesize that loss of ANGPTL4 function might improve glucose homeostasis and decrease risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigate protein-altering variants in ANGPTL4 among 58,124 participants in the DiscovEHR human genetics s
