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The relationship between business cycles and mortality has been a highly debated subject in the field of economics. The majority of previous studies, using the unemployment rate as the main proxy for macroeconomic conditions, have found ambiguous effects largely depending on how the effect is estimated. This thesis follows the methodology used by Ruhm (2000), but instead applies aggregate data for
Businesses today need to recognize that they have to be fast at realizing and exploiting new competitive advantages before the opportunity is lost. Instead of the traditional focus on price and quality, there is a shift towards the delivery of value to customers. This is strongly connected to the reduction of downtime of production and high reliability. Here the spare parts supply chain plays an i
The DARPA Grand Challenge (DGC) 2005 was a competition, in form of a desert race for autonomous ground vehicles, arranged by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA). The purpose was to encourage research and development of related technology. The objective of the race was to track a distance of 131.6 miles in less than 10 hours without any human interaction. Only public GPS signa
All virulent group A streptococcal isolates bind fibrinogen, a property that is closely linked to expression of type-specific antiphagocytic surface molecules designated M proteins. Here we show that although the M proteins from two different strains, M1 and M5, both bind fibrinogen with high affinity, they interact with different regions in the ligand. Moreover, mapping experiments demonstrated t
Early B cell factor (EBF)-1 is a transcription factor known to be of critical importance for early B lymphocyte development. EBF-1 has been shown to directly interact with and regulate expression of a set of genes involved in the functional formation of the preB cell receptor, but the dramatic phenotype observed in the EBF-1-deficient mice suggests that several additional genes are activated by th
The surface speciation Of Oxalate at the water-boehmite (gamma -AlOOH) interface during adsorption and dissolution reaction,; wa,; studied by means of attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy. The structural interpretations of infrared (IR) data were based on comparison with results from theoretical frequency calculations. Two different surface complexes were identified: an inner-sphere
The authors investigated in a rat model the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast media for evaluating the liver in conditions of acute biliary obstruction. Two liver-specific MRI contrast media, Cr-DEHIDA and Mn-DPDP, and the nonspecific agent Gd-DTPA were studied in normal rats and in rats whose bile ducts had been ligated before administration of the contrast medium. Images were
The apposition compound eye of a nocturnal bee, the halictid Megalopta genalis, is described for the first time. Compared to the compound eye of the worker honeybee Apis mellifera and the diurnal halictid bee Lasioglossum leucozonium, the eye of M. genalis shows specific retinal and optical adaptations for vision in dim light. The major anatomical adaptations within the eye of the nocturnal bee ar
The motivation for the present study is to understand food choice in relation to animal food production and to study how preferences are influenced by information. To do this, we carried out a choice experiment. In the analysis, we focus on chickens reared indoors and outdoors and chicken labelled campylobacter-free versus non-labelled chicken. The results suggest that there is a positive willingn
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to transplant lungs that had been topically cooled in the non-heart-beating donor for 6 hours, using the most challenging evaluation method possible, namely single-lung transplantation followed by immediate contralateral pneumonectomy. METHODS: Domestic pigs were used (6 donors and 6 recipients) with a mean body weight of 59 +/- 3 kg. Ventricular fibrillation
Low B fractures and prevalent vertebral fractures are known risk factors for incident vertebral fractures. In 3001 men and women from the Rotterdam Study, prevalent nonvertebral fractures early for incident menopause, current smoking, and walking aid use were also strong risk factors for incident vertebral fractures.
This paper introduces a model of the atrioventricular node function during atrial fibrillation (AF), and describes the related ECG-based estimation method. The proposed model is defined by parameters that characterize the arrival rate of atrial impulses, the probability of an impulse choosing either one of the two atrioventricular nodal pathways, the refractory periods of these pathways, and the p
Oestrogen is not only a sex hormone but also an important regulator of the immune system. Expression of the heavy chain of IgM (mu) is essential for B-cell differentiation. However, a small number of IgA-positive B cells can be found in mice lacking the mu chain (mu MT-/-). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oestrogen on this alternative B-cell pathway in mu MT-/- mice. Our re
Understanding the uncertainty of climate models in space and time is necessary to help water resources managers and hydrologists in the selection of appropriate model for a specific application. In this paper, we use three separate methods to evaluate and compare the utility of 14 climate models for seven basins with area range of 2,656–26,355 km2 on the South Korean Peninsula. On the one hand, th
Service discovery is central in pervasive middleware systems, built on top of the communication substrate using the more fundamental mechanisms for device discovery. In mobile pervasive systems devices come and go, and switch network frequently, demanding support for device discovery across heterogeneous networks. We present the design of a device discovery mechanism for the PalCom middleware that
The results of a search for an excited bottom-quark b* in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV, using 4.7 fb(-1) of data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC are presented. In the model studied, a single b*-quark is produced through a chromomagnetic interaction and subsequently decays to a W boson and a top quark. The search is performed in the dilepton and lepton + jets final states, which are c
