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Neonicotinoid insecticide causes multigenerational impairment of inducible antipredator defenses in Daphnia

Nowadays organisms encounter not only natural challenges from predators but also significant anthropogenic stressors, such as insecticides, which can profoundly disrupt their normal growth and behavior. However, the knowledge on their potential interactions remains largely unknown, particularly regarding how insecticides may affect predator-prey interactions and prey responses across multiple gene

Evaluating Nutrient Reduction, Grazing and Barley Straw as Measures Against Algal Growth

The aim of our study was to experimentally investigate whether it is possible to reduce nuisance growth of filamentous algae in freshwater ecosystems. We used an experimental set-up mimicking a shallow pond system and performed a field investigation in the eutrophic moat of Krapperup castle (Southern Sweden), which exemplifies an extremely impaired ecosystem with ample growth of filamentous green

Thermoregulatory consequences of growing up during a heatwave or a cold snap in Japanese quail

Changes in environmental temperature during development can affect growth, metabolism and temperature tolerance of the offspring. We know little about whether such changes remain to adulthood, which is important to understand the links between climate change, development and fitness. We investigated whether phenotypic consequences of the thermal environment in early life remained in adulthood in t

Every breath you take every move you make. Studies on Asthma and Sports in Adolescent Athletes

Popular Abstract in Swedish Every breath you take – Every move you make Astma och allergier tillhör våra vanligaste folksjukdomar och de har ökat under de senaste fyra decennierna, särskilt bland barn och ungdomar. Under samma period så har inställningen till fysisk aktivitet och olika livsstilsfaktorer i samhället förändrats. Det är allmänt accepterat att fysisk aktivitet är bra for hälsan och viAsthma and allergies are common diseases in adolescents and have increased during the last few decades. All elite level sports activities result in increased risk of asthma and rhinitis regardless of sport practised. Physical activity is at the same time regarded as a health-promoting factor and is recommended both for the prevention and treatment of diseases. The aim of this study was to explore

Women living alone have an increased risk to develop diabetes, which is explained mainly by lifestyle factors.

OBJECTIVE— The purpose of this study was to assess the role of household conditions for the progression to diabetes in women with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— A total of 461 women, aged 50–64 years, with IGT defined by an oral glucose tolerance test, had baseline advice on physical exercise, diet, smoking, and alcohol habits. Physical examination, blood tests, an

Sexually transmitted diseases in Swedish women with experience of casual sex with men of foreign nationalities within Sweden

BACKGROUND. This study was performed in women who had attended the clinic for contraceptive advice to determine whether a history of casual sex with a foreign male, previously unknown to them (SFM) in their home country (Sweden), constituted an increased risk for acquiring sexually transmitted diseases (STD) as compared to women without such an experience (COMP). METHODS. Of 996 women enrolled, an

The interplay between the surface and bottom water environment within the Benguela Upwelling System over the last 70 ka

The Benguela Upwelling System (BUS), located between 30 and 20°S, is one of the fundamental high-productivity systems of the world ocean. The BUS has previously been studied in terms of primary productivity and ecology over glacial-interglacial timescales; however, the response and coupling with the benthic environment have received little attention. Here, for the first time, we present a high-res

Assessing Nature’s Contributions to People

Do the misty mountains, fast-flowing rivers, and sandy beaches leave you in awe and fill you with insatiable wonder? Does nature bring you a jubilant feeling? Nature contributes to our quality of life in multiple ways. Some of these gifts are easily visible, like the clothes you wear, the food you eat, and the water your drink. However, some contributions, such as flood protection and pollination

The Structure of Evolutionary Theory : Beyond Neo-Darwinism, Neo-Lamarckism and Biased Historical Narratives About the Modern Synthesis

The last decades have seen frequent calls for a more extended evolutionary synthesis (EES) that will supposedly overcome the limitations in the current evolutionary framework with its intellectual roots in the Modern Synthesis (MS). Some radical critics even want to entirely abandon the current evolutionary framework, claiming that the MS (often erroneously labelled “Neo-Darwinism”) is outdated, a

Yes Indeed, Evolutionary Biologists Should Pay More Attention to History : A Commentary on Smocovitis

Vassiliki “Betty” Smocovitis has done a thorough and admirable job in highlighting the complex history the Modern Synthesis (MS) or the Evolutionary Synthesis (ES) as she prefers to call it. Her interesting contribution should hopefully increase awareness that the history of evolutionary biology is important even for researchers today who are mainly interested in solving practical questions of mor

Ecology, Agents, and the Causes of Selection : A Reply to Shuker

Shuker points to some inconsistencies in my terminology about consequence laws in evolutionary biology, specifically that gene flow and recombination are not as easily classified as one gets the impression of after reading Sober (1984). I agree, and I also emphasize that evolutionary biology should not only focus on consequence laws, but also source laws arising from the ecological selective envir

An analysis of subject areas and country participation for all health-related projects in the EU's FP5 and FP6 programmes

BACKGROUND: Previous analyses concerning health components of European Union (EU)-funded research have shown low project participation levels of the 12 newest member states (EU-12). Additionally, there has been a lack of subject-area analysis. In the Health Research for Europe project, we screened all projects of the EU's Framework Programmes for research FP5 and FP6 (1998-2006) to identify health

Phenotypic plasticity is aligned with phenological adaptation on both micro- and macroevolutionary timescales

In seasonally variable environments, phenotypic plasticity in phenology may be critical for adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions. Using an 18-generation longitudinal dataset from natural damselfly populations, we show that phenology has strongly advanced. Individual fitness data suggest this is likely an adaptive response towards a temperature-dependent optimum. A laboratory experime

When the Dust Settles : Psychological Resilience among Swedish Veterans after Deployment in Afghanistan

Sweden’s military involvement in Afghanistan has entailed the deployed soldiers’ exposure to high levels of stress and combat. As shown by a large number of studies, such experiences are associated with mental health problems. Resilience is an internationally recognized concept in striving to enhance military personnel’s well-being and in alleviating combat-related stress reactions, yet thus far,

Tankarnas inverkan på tillstånd och golfprestation

Syftet med studien var att utvärdera en metod för golfspelare att hjälpa sig själva till bättre prestationer under tävling. Undersökningen gjordes på 76 tävlingsspelare i golf i åldrarna 17-19 år. Hypotesen var att interventionen, skapad med övningen Three Blessings Exercise som inspiration, skulle leda till ett positivt tankemönster, vilket i sin tur skulle förbättra spelarnas tillstånd och/eller

The impact of the hybrid war with Ukraine on Russian export of services. A synthetic control approach.

The main goal of this thesis is to examine the causal effect of the hybrid war with Ukraine beginning from 2014 on Russian export of services towards its main services importers in Belarus, Kazakhstan, China, Cyprus, Switzerland, Germany, United States of America, United Kingdom, Türkiye in years 2006-2020 with the execeptions of 2010 and 2011 due to data limitations. This is done employing a syth