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Background: In a previous population-based study on 3369 European men with self-reported prostate cancer (PCa), it was shown that androgen receptor (AR) haplotype designated H2 was associated with high levels of serum PSA (prostate-specific antigen) concentration, and, at the same time, with low risk for PCa. The aim of this study was to replicate this finding in other cohorts, with registry-based
Background: The Bone Scan Index (BSI) is used to quantitatively assess the total tumour burden in bone scans of patients with metastatic prostate cancer. The clinical utility of BSI has recently been validated as a prognostic imaging biomarker. However, the clinical utility of the on-treatment change in BSI is dependent on the reproducibility of bone scans. The objective of this prospective study
Sepsis is a common and often deadly systemic response to an infection, usually caused by bacteria. The gold standard for finding the causing pathogen in a blood sample is blood culture, which may take hours to days. Shortening the time to diagnosis would significantly reduce mortality. To replace the time-consuming blood culture we are developing a method to directly separate bacteria from red and
A single genetic biomarker is unable to accurately predict the risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence. We aimed to: (a) develop a multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) model to predict the risk of VTE recurrence and (b) validate a previously described genetic risk score (GRS) and compare its performance with the model developed in this study. Twenty-two SNPs, including establis
Quantifying the genetic correlation between cancers can provide important insights into the mechanisms driving cancer etiology. Using genome-wide association study summary statistics across six cancer types based on a total of 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, here we estimate the pair-wise genetic correlations between breast, colorectal, head/neck, lung, ovary and prostate
Background Nocturia is one of the most prevalent and bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men, leading to increased morbidity and mortality and a considerable economic burden on healthcare systems. Understanding its natural history, effect of pharmacotherapy, and predictors of failure of pharmacotherapy would allow optimised patient management. Objective To evaluate the prevalence an
Deposition of aerosol nanoparticles using an electrostatic precipitator is widely used in the aerosol community. Despite this, basic knowledge regarding what governs the deposition has been missing. This concerns the prediction of the size of the particle collection zone, but also, perhaps more importantly, prediction of the nanoparticle concentration distribution on the substrate, both of which a
Lynch syndrome confers an increased risk for urothelial carcinoma (UC). Molecular subtypes may be relevant to prognosis and therapeutic possibilities, but have to date not been defined in Lynch syndrome-associated urothelial cancer. We aimed to provide a molecular description of Lynch syndrome-associated UC. Thus, Lynch syndrome-associated UCs of the upper urinary tract and the urinary bladder wer
The vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism is probably the most versatile method to fabricate semiconductor nanowires and several investigations assume a compositionally homogeneous catalyst particle. In this investigation we address the compositional homogeneity of the catalyst particle during growth of nanowires. Using diffusion calculations, we show that the particle is indeed homogeneous during VL
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe chronic inflammatory autoimmune connective tissue disease. Despite major efforts, SLE remains a poorly understood disease with unpredictable course, unknown etiology and complex pathogenesis. Apoptosis combined with deficiency in clearing apoptotic cells is an important etiopathogenic event in SLE, which could contribute to the increased load of poten
Background The increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation and novel therapeutic tools to prevent cardioembolic stroke has increased the need for risk markers. Objectives This study explored the relationship between the midregional sequence of pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) levels with the risk of atrial fibrillation and stroke, and whether measurement of MR-proANP improves the predic
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are widely used for studying embryonic development, disease modelling, drug discovery and cell therapy development. Using human PSCs as a model has significantly contributed to our understanding of embryonic development and elucidating novel pathological mechanisms as well as developing new drugs. However, there are significant genetic and epigenetic variations
Påföljden för mord ändrades år 2009 och en mer nyanserad påföljdsmodell infördes. Tidigare hade påföljden för mord antingen varit fängelse i 10 år eller på livstid, men nu infördes istället en modell, som gav domstolarna mer utrymme att utdöma tidsbestämda fängelsestraff mellan 10 och 18 år samt på livstid. Rättspraxis har förändrats under årens lopp, men genomgående har det uttalats att livstidThe penalty for murder was modified in 2009 and a more nuanced model of penalty was introduced. Earlier the penalty for murder either was prison being jailed for 10 years or life imprisonment, but now there instead was a model introduced that gave the courts more space to judge fixed term sentences between 10 and 18 years as well as for life imprisonment. Case law has been changed over the years,
Additiv tillverkning, eller 3D-printing, är på grund av sina många fördelar en ständigt ökande tillverkningsmetod. Designfriheten, det reducerade materialspillet, förkortad tid från ritning till färdig produkt och förmågan att kunna printa rörliga delar gör 3D-printing intressant för många olika användningsområden. Ett användningsområde där relativt lite forskning gjorts men som har ett ökat intreAdditive manufacturing, or 3D-printing, is due to its many advantages an increasingly used form of manufacturing. The design freedom, reduced material waste, shortened process from drawing to finished product, and the ability to print moving parts make it extremely interesting for many applications. One application where not much research has been done, but there is an increasing interest, is the
Titel: Länders kreditbetyg – samma idag som de en gång var? Datum för seminarium: 31/05/2018 Kurs: FEKH89 Författare: Johanna Carlsson, Cecilia Malmberg, Åke Sundvall Handledare: Anamaria Cociorva Nyckelord: Kreditbetyg på länder, WGI, makroekonomiska variabler, utveckling över tid, konservatism Syfte: Att undersöka vare sig Moody´s blivit mer konservativa gällande betygsättning av länder samt de Title: Sovereign Ratings – Same Today As They Once Were? Seminar date: 31/05/2018 Course: FEKH89 Authors: Johanna Carlsson, Cecilia Malmberg, Åke Sundvall Advisor: Anamaria Cociorva Key Words: Sovereign credit rating, WGI, macroeconomic variables, development over time, conservatism Purpose: To examine the conservatism of sovereign ratings according to Moody´s rating standards as well as the under
The kallikrein gene family (KLK1-KLK15) is the largest contiguous group of protease genes within the human genome and is associated with both risk and outcome of cancer and other diseases. We searched for copy number variants in all KLK genes using quantitative PCR analysis and analysis of inheritance patterns of single nucleotide polymorphisms. Two deletions were identified: one 2235-bp deletion
A major problem when studying behavior and migration of small organisms is that many of the questions addressed for larger animals are not possible to formulate due to constraints on tracking smaller animals. In aquatic ecosystems, this problem is particularly problematic for zoo- and phytoplankton, since tracking devices are too heavy to allow the organism to act naturally. However, recent advanc
Melanoma is currently divided on a genetic level according to mutational status. However, this classification does not optimally predict prognosis. In prior studies, we have defined gene expression phenotypes (high-immune, pigmentation, proliferative and normal-like), which are predictive of survival outcome as well as informative of biology. Herein, we employed a population-based metastatic melan
The field of vertical nanowire array-based applications in cell biology is growing rapidly and an increasing number of applications are being explored. These applications almost invariably rely on the physical properties of the nanowire arrays, creating a need for a better understanding of how their physical properties affect cell behaviour. Here, we investigate the effects of nanowire density on
Nanowires are increasingly used in biology, as sensors, as injection devices, and us model systems for toxicity studies. Currently, in situ visualization of nanowires in biological media is done using organic dyes, which a;:e prone to photobleaching, or using microscopy methods which either yield poor resolution or require a sophisticated setup. Here we show that inherently fluorescent nanowire ax
