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The introduction suggests a model for defining and categorising different types of graffiti, and the term TTP (Tags/Throw-ups/Pieces) is presented. Chapter I relates the body of research up to the present day and proposes a comprehensive interpretation, based partly on English and German subculture- and socialisation theories. Chapter 2 presents the social background and internal social pattern o
Detection and removal sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) is important in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and malignant melanoma. The SLN is the first regional lymph node draining the cancer tumor and if the cancer has spread it is most likely to find cancer cells in the SLN. In this study we have been able to detect multimodal superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO-NP) in rat SLNs i
This paper introduces project TITAN, which investigates an alternative construct of residential broadband access. The aim of the project is to increase the utilisation of deployed broadband capacity such as xDSL and cable modem connections. In order to achieve this, we propose a Collaborative Community Network (CCN) where residential broadband users contribute their spare broadband capacity to oth
Sexual selection has traditionally been used to explain exaggerated sexual traits in male animals. Today the concept has been developed and various other sexually related traits have been suggested to evolve in the same manner. In nearly all new areas where the theory of sexual selection has been applied, there has been an intense debate as to whether the application is justified. Is it the case t
Strong-field phenomena driven by an intense infrared (IR) laser depend on during what part of the field cycle they are initiated. By changing the sub-cycle character of the laser electric field it is possible to control such phenomena. For long pulses, sub-cycle shaping of the field can be done by adding a relatively weak, second harmonic of the driving field to the pulse. Through constructive and
Abstract Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) in the groin after vascular surgery is common and deep perivascular infection leads to long periods of hospitalization, sometimes to amputation and/or death. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is increasingly used for treating wounds such as deep perivascular groin infections after vascular surgery, but there is no scientific evidence supporti
OBJECTIVES: Increased vulnerability to stress has been suggested as a possible mechanism behind medically unexplained conditions such as sensitivity to electricity and common smells. This study examined whether subjective environmental annoyance among the general population is associated with increased physiological reactivity or subjective stress scores.METHODS: Four groups were studied (N=141):
The evoked release of purines from rabbit retinae preloaded with [(3)H]adenosine was studied in vitro. Potassium (8.6-43.6 mM) and ouabain (1 or 10 microM) increased the release of radioactivity in a concentration-dependent manner. The K(+)-evoked release was significantly reduced when the superfusion was carried out at 2-4 degrees C. The effect of K(+) (8.6, 13.6 and 23.6 mM) and of ouabain (1 mi
The silicone nerve regeneration chamber is a useful model to investigate the cellular and molecular events underlying successful regeneration in the peripheral nervous system. In this model a transected rat sciatic nerve with a 10-mm interstump gap, is repaired with a silicone chamber. The spatial-temporal sequence of regeneration in the silicone chamber has been examined in detail. The chamber ra
An experimental study of the normalized three-jet rate of b quark events with respect to light quarks events (light = l equivalent to u, d, s) has been performed using the CAMBRIDGE and DURHAM jet algorithms. The data used were collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP on the Z peak from 1994 to 2000. The results are found to agree with theoretical predictions treating mass corrections at next-to-
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structure is of central importance for the regulation of cellular anabolism, stress response, and signal transduction. Generally continuous, the ER can temporarily undergo dramatic structural rearrangements resulting in a fragmented appearance. In this study we assess the dynamic nature of ER fission in pyramidal neurons in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures stim
Large scale infrastructure developments means balancing of partly conflicting interests of economic growth, social cohesion, environmental impact etc. How this balancing is done when the project hits the local context is depending on the legislative framework, for instance through building permits environmental assessment. Still, there can be a big difference between the intentions of the law, and
Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige analyseras omkring 40 000 DNA-prover från brottsplatser varje år. DNA-profilerna jämförs mot DNA-profiler från misstänkta personer och kan på så vis användas för att knyta en person till ett brott. Alla typer av kroppsvävnader kan analyseras, såsom blod, saliv och hudceller. Vanliga bevismaterial är cigarettfimpar, flaskor, burkar och kläder. De material som cDNA evidence, linking perpetrators to crime scenes, is central to many legal proceedings. However, crime scene samples often contain extraneous substances that may interfere with the PCR-based forensic analysis, resulting in partial or negative DNA profiles. Extensive DNA purification may remove inhibitors, but involves the risk of DNA loss. In this work, pre-PCR processing was applied to improve
Risk and vulnerability assessments (RVA) are vital components of the work conducted by public agencies at different levels, as part of the processes for governing and managing risks in the society. In Sweden, public agencies at all levels are required by legislation to perform risk and vulnerability assessments within their respective area of responsibility. The present paper presents a study of h
In higher plants, genes for subunits of respiratory chain complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) have so far been identified solely in organellar genomes. At least nine subunits are encoded by the mitochondrial DNA and 11 homologues by the plastid DNA. One of the 'key' components of complex I is the subunit binding the substrate NADH. The corresponding gene for the mitochondrial subunit has no
We studied the speciose butterfly genus Erebia by reconstructing its phylogenetic relationships using parsimony and Bayesian approaches. We estimated times and rates of diversification for its lineages and employed a biogeographical analysis in order to reconstruct its evolutionary history. DNA sequence data from one mitochondrial gene and three nuclear genes were analyzed for a total of 74 specie
This paper presents a theory to quantify the informational value of human acts. We argue that living is functioning against entropy. Acting is presented as a set of decisions and choices to create order that we use as the foundation to develop the concept of complexity of human acts. Frequency theory of probability is then applied to characterize human acts in terms of their degree of freedom and
While the design industry is moving into new domains, it seems that potential customers do not always understand how the designer can contribute beyond the aesthetically appealing product. The overall purpose of this thesis is to expand our understanding of design as an enabling service in the context of small and medium sized enterprises. Enabling design services have the potential to result in o
Popular Abstract in Swedish I naturen finns en närmast oändlig variation av biologiska partiklar i storleksordningen 100 nanometer till 10 mikrometer. Bland dessa kan man bland annat finna; eukaryota celler som genom ordnad samverkan bygger upp flercelliga organismer, prokaryota celler vilka lever som solitära organismer såsom olika bakterier eller jästsvamp, och viruspartiklar vilka likt parasiteHerein a method that uses acoustically resonating glass capillaries and enables non-contact capture of micron-sized bioparticles, i.e. acoustic trapping, is described. A miniaturized ultrasonic transducer is used to locally actuate a cross-sectional resonance in the capillary. A 2000×200 µm2 capillary is typically operated around a resonance frequency of 4-MHz. Optimal design of the transducer for
