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A method for including night-time refreezing of the top layer of a snowpack in the degree-day method for computing daily snowmelt rates is presented. It is found that during days of large diurnal temperature variations the daily melt is more determined by the day-time conditions than by the daily mean conditions. Applications are made to an open area and a forested area. The refreezing-degree-day
The snowmelt runoff process from small basins is discussed. A differentiation is made between overland flow in the snowpack and groundwater flow induced by infiltrating meltwater. The effect of variations of the snowmelt intensity on streamflow is studied. It is shown that the runoff is high from the first day of snowmelt runoff if the streamflow is caused by overland flow, and that there are pron
The Swedish publishing house Svensk läraretidnings förlag published the extensive book series Barnbiblioteket Saga (the Children’s Library Saga) between 1899 and 1970. In this article, the publisher’s less extensive book series Ungdomens bibliotek (the Library of Youth) is analysed as an example of the marketing techniques that the publishing house used to reach different target gr
In the ongoing debates about eukaryogenesis-the series of evolutionary events leading to the emergence of the eukaryotic cell from prokaryotic ancestors-members of the Asgard archaea play a key part as the closest archaeal relatives of eukaryotes 1. However, the nature and phylogenetic identity of the last common ancestor of Asgard archaea and eukaryotes remain unresolved 2-4. Here we analyse di
The hydraulics of meltwater percolation through a snowpack is analyzed in some detail. An implicit numerical model is used for determining the meltwater movement. The effect of freezing fronts of the free liquid water in the snowpack is evaluated. It is shown that even after a moderately cold night, it takes several hours of snowmelt before the snowpack again reaches its irreducible liquid content
Sedimentation and redistribution of fine sediments in three Swedish lakes of different character have been investigated using settling sediment traps. The bottom shear stress from wind generated waves are calculated and the extension of erodable bottom area is related to wind conditions. Wave induced erosion and deposition during and after cessation of storms in different parts of a lake are discu
Analytical solutions for runoff caused by a moving rain storm of time-varying rain intensity from a complex drainage basin are derived assuming constant concentration times for the different systems within the basin. It is found that the runoff caused by a peaked rain intensity distribution is higher than that from a uniform distribution of the same mean intensity. It is also shown that the storm
Abstract in DanishBoghistorie i Skandinavien præsenterer temaer fra mere end 500 års boghistorie og spænder fra oversættelser i 1500-tallet over børnelitteratur i 1700-tallet til nutidens forskningsinfrastruktur.Boghistorie i Skandinavien viser boghistorien som et levende forskningsfelt, der kan åbne for nye muligheder i arbejdet med bøger, litteratur og tekster på tværs af tidsperioder og nationa
The Swedish army marched 1658 over the ice on the Danish sounds from Jutland to Zealand. An event that led to the foundation of Lund University in 1666. From the loads involved the ice thickness can be determined to have been at least 20 cm. Using data from mid-17 hundreds and forward the ice thickness of every year is computed. Large ice thickness seems to have been more common in the period mid
Kortvariga intensiva regn med varaktighet upp till en timme åren 1980–2007 från nederbördsmätare i Malmöhar analyserats för att finna intensiteter med lång återkomsttid. Oberoende observationer för olika stationer harsammanförts till en serie till vilken sannolikhetsfördelningar anpassats. Korttidsregnmätningars tillförlitlighetdiskuteras. De extrema händelserna har behandlats individuellt. För atShort-term intensive storms of duration up to an hour the years 1980–2007 from rain gauges in Malmö havebeen analyzed to find intensities of long return periods. Non-dependent observations from different stationshave been combined into a series to which probability functions have been adjusted. The extreme events havebeen investigated individually. The reliability of rain measurements is discussed
Serier av dygnsnederbörd omfattande 89 år från Malmö, Halmstad och Göteborg har analyserats liksom dygnsnederbörd från 230 stationer i Skåne för perioden 1961–1990. Fördelning i rum och tid har undersökts liksomförhållanden mellan dygnsnederbörd och olika parametrar. Extremvärden har uppskattats med olika frekvensfördelningar. De allra största oberoende händelserna har inträffat ganska jämnt fördeSeries of daily precipitation including 89 years from Malmö, Halmstad and Göteborg have been analyzed aswell as daily precipitation from 230 stations in Skåne in the period 1961–1990. The distribution in space andtime has been investigated, and also the relation between daily rainfall and different parameters. The mostextreme independent events have occurred rather evenly distributed over Skåne, a
