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Popular Abstract in Swedish I Big Bang skapades 3 grundämnen: H, He, och spår av Li. Alla andra grundämnen har bildats i stjärnor. Lågmassiva stjärnor som vår sol kan genom kärnreaktioner skapa grundämnen upp till och med syre i det periodiska systemet, medan mer massiva stjärnor kan skapa grundämnen ända upp till järn. Tyngre grundämnen än järn produceras in slutstadierna av stjärnornas liv, tillAll the elements heavier than Li are created during stellar evolution. Even if our knowledge of this process is good, many questions still remain. For instance, the odd-Z iron-peak elements Sc, V, Mn, and Co together with neutron-capture elements Sr, Zr, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, and Eu have still unclear production sites because theoretical models and observational evidences are not in agreement. Having a

Speckle is an unwanted noise in ultrasound images, and appears as returning echoes are coherently summed over the transducer surface. In Doppler applications, the total power of the received spectrum varies in a manner similar to speckle. This paper investigates the correlation of continuous-wave (CW) Doppler signals obtained from simultaneously transmitted carrier frequencies, when a slowly flowi

The detection of spectral line profile variability for stars of the HgMnclass of chemical peculiarity has been poorly documented in theliterature yet holds a special significance for understandingrelationships between observed spectral anomalies, stellar surfacestructure, and magnetic fields. The HgMn stars have until now not beenconfirmed to vary in their light or spectral characteristics in ways

The Southern California Borderland is a region that experiences strong natural variations in bottom water oxygen and pH. We use marine sediments from Santa Monica Basin to reconstruct environmental conditions in the basin's bottom water from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to present. We then compare the records to the adjacent Santa Barbara Basin and Santa Lucia Slope. High-resolution records of b

Obesity and cigarette smoking are correlated through complex relationships. Common genetic causes may contribute to these correlations. In this study, we selected 241 loci potentially associated with body mass index (BMI) based on the Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits (GIANT) consortium data and calculated a BMI genetic risk score (BMI-GRS) for 17,037 individuals of European descent f

Knowledge on the occurrence rate of extreme solar storms is strongly limited by the relatively recent advent of satellite monitoring of the Sun. To extend our perspective of solar storms prior to the satellite era and because atmospheric ionization induced by solar energetic particles (SEPs) can lead to the production of odd nitrogen, nitrate spikes in ice cores have been tentatively used to docum

Objective. To explore the prevalence and clinical associations of elevated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), measured by Transthoracic Dopplerechocardiography (TTE) in patients with early systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods. A cross-sectional analysis of the prospective EULAR Scleroderma Trial and Research (EUSTAR) database was performed. SSc patients with < 3 years from the first non-Rayna

Växter behöver ljus för att växa. Ljuset omvandlas till kemisk energi genom fotosyntes i växtens blad. Den kemiska energin kan sedan användas av växten. Ljusabsorptionen i växter har en begränsning. Alltför mycket ljus kommer att orsaka bildning av högenergimolekyler som är skadliga för växterna. Därför måste växter justera mängden ljus som tas upp. Ljuset i miljön förändras ständigt och exponerinLight is essential for plants and algae to process photosynthesis. However, excess of light will cause damage to the organism. A process called non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is an important way for these organisms to protect themselves from photo oxidative damage. The NPQ process is depend on the xanthophyll cycle in thylakoids, which is controlled by the Violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) and ze