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Background To understand when results from observational studies and randomized trials are comparable, we performed an observational emulation of a target trial designed to ask similar questions as the VALIDATE (Bivalirudin Versus Heparin in ST-Segment and Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients on Modern Antiplatelet Therapy) randomized trial. The VALIDATE trial compared the ef

Apolipoprotein M (ApoM) exhibits various anti-atherosclerotic functions as a component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is a classic HDL receptor that mediates selective cholesterol uptake and enhances the efflux of cellular cholesterol to HDL. However, the effect of ApoM on cholesterol transport in macrophages remains unclear. In this study, w

PURPOSE: To analyze real-world graft survival and visual acuity outcomes of corneal transplantation in Europe. SETTING: Corneal clinics in 10 European Union member states, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland. DESIGN: Multinational registry study. METHODS: All corneal transplant procedures registered in the European Cornea and Cell Transplantation Registry (ECCTR) were identified. Graft survival of

This article examines the subjective understanding of success among members of three groups of children of immigrants from Mexico, North Africa and Turkey, in Dallas, Paris and Berlin respectively, by accounting for their educational and early labor market experiences. We utilize neo-assimilation and segmented assimilation theories and highlight their divergence with regards to downward assimilati

In this article, we consider the resilience problem in the presence of communication faults encountered in distributed secondary voltage and frequency control of an islanded alternating current microgrid. Such faults include the partial failure of communication links and some classes of data manipulation attacks. This practical and important yet challenging issue has been taken into limited consid

DNA damage and unrepaired or insufficiently repaired DNA double-strand breaks as well as telomere shortening contribute to the formation of structural chromosomal aberrations (CAs). Non-specific CAs have been used in the monitoring of individuals exposed to potential carcinogenic chemicals and radiation. The frequency of CAs in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) has been associated with cancer ri

BACKGROUND: HLA-DR4, a common antigen of HLA-DRB1, has multiple subtypes that are strongly associated with risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, some are risk neutral or resistant. The pathobiological mechanism of HLA-DR4 subtypes remains to be elucidated.METHODS: We used a population-based case-control study of T1D (962 patients and 636 controls) to decipher genetic associations of HLA-DR4 subt

Chile has been one of the richest Latin American countries since nineteenth century. Gifted with enormous amount of Natural Resources (NNRR), its growth is linked to the exploitation of these resources and exports related to the primary economic sector, however, besides to this lack of diversification, industrial sector has played a relevant role in this country and its development is crucial to u

The chapter maintains that 20th-century decolonisation, unlike previous historical episodes wherein particular empires were resisted and declined, represented a critical juncture at which the very idea of empire was substantively challenged and radically rejected. It led to the establishment of a large number of postcolonial states and signified a decisive reshaping of the international system—bot

A growing line of research has shown that individuals can regulate emotional biases in risky judgment and decision-making processes through cognitive reappraisal. In the present study, we focus on a specific tactic of reappraisal known as distancing. Drawing on appraisal theories of emotion and the emotion regulation literature, we examine how distancing moderates the relationship between fear and

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we aim to identify and understand the obstacles and barriers in applying electronic exams successfully in the process of distance education. We followed an exploratory descriptive approach through a questionnaire (one general, open question) with a sample of university teachers and students in four of the largest universities Palestinian in Gaza. A total of

The Nordic feminist perspectives in law have traditionally been relatively successful in advocating, and effectuating, a feminist perspective of justice both within law and the society. However, Nordic feminist perspectives of law have at least to some degree, at this stage been limited to questions of equality between men and women and to the production of justice within the boundaries of the nat

OBJECTIVES: Degenerative mitral valve disease is the most common indication for mitral valve repair in the Western world. The aim of this study was to study the long term outcome of mitral valve repair for degenerative mitral valve regurgitation in Iceland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 101 consecutive mitral valve repair patients (average age 57.7 years, 80.2% male) operated in I

It has been observed that some of the rules in a generative grammar of a language reflect changes that have occurred in the language and furthermore that the order of applying some rules reflects the chronology of the historical changes. 1 The synchronic grammar may reflect changes of various time depths and does not mirror the whole history or a certain period of the history completely. Some rule

OBJECTIVE: To describe data completeness, targeting and reliability of the Swedish version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure Self-Report (s-SCIM-SR). DESIGN: Translation and reliability study. SUBJECTS: Programme participants (n = 48) and peer mentors (n = 42) with spinal cord injury enrolled in the INTERnational Project for the Evaluation of "activE Rehabilitation" (inter-PEER). METHODS: Th

Ecological Focus Areas (EFAs) to benefit biodiversity became mandatory in intensively farmed landscapes after the reform of the European Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in 2013. The implementation of EFAs as uncropped field margins has been criticized as ineffective but created a window of opportunity to test if augmenting them with annual flower strips can benefit biodiversity. In this study, we

Our aesthetic response to the Universe, and the complexity of concepts through which we understand it, are inherently bound together in how we meaningfully interpret its nature. Over millennia the abstracted and intangible concepts of science have been developed and communicated through a rich array of representations across a variety of modes. The interpretation of such representations is a compl