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A particle-based transported probability density function (PDF) method with a novel chemistry acceleration technique is developed in this work. The technique is based on the chemistry coordinate mapping (CCM) approach that was proposed in our previous works for accelerating direct numerical simulations (DNS) of partially premixed combustion. The method is first validated using Sandia flames D and

This study analyses the effects of thinning on stand transpiration in a typical mixed spruce and pine forest in the southern boreal zone. Studies of transpiration are important for models of water, energy and carbon exchange, and forest management, like thinning, would change those processes. Tree transpiration was measured by the tissue heat-balance sapflow technique, on a reference plot and a th

The Öresund Region, comprising areas of Sweden and Denmark, is involved in a process of sustainable urban transformation. The region has high ambitions in terms of carbon emissions reduction and has set itself steep targets to meet over the next 15-20 years. The energy consumption of buildings accounts for a significant proportion of carbon emissions. With the urban areas of the Öresund Region exp

Straffrätten har länge ansetts vara en intern angelägenhet som begränsar de brottsbekämpande myndigheternas möjligheter att vidta åtgärder utanför statens egna gränser. Vid gränsöverskridande brottslighet, eller i de fall som en medborgare i stat A begår brottsliga handlingar i stat B, blir brottet ofta av intresse för mer än en stat. En stats rätt att utreda, döma och utföra exekutiva åtgärder beCriminal law is often considered to be an internal state matter, but while the authorities of a state’s competence to exercise jurisdiction is bound by the national borders this doesn’t stop the criminals. Problems may arise when criminals and organized gangs are moving across borders to commit crimes in a number of different states. A states competence to exercise jurisdiction is determined by th

The Chernobyl catastrophe is still referred to as the biggest radioactivity fallout problem in the history of the world. The cloud that was released from the broken reactor travelled across larger parts of the European continent and the after-effects of the radiation are said to be felt and faced throughout the impacted regions up to this day – and that this process is far from over. This thesis

Today’s marketplace is increasingly growing more competitive as production accelerates and products multiply. Therefore, competing organizations have shifted their focus from solely developing the best product, to building value and competitiveness into the employees. As a result, the concept ‘Employee Engagement’ has received a lot of attention during the 21th century. However there still remain

I april 2009 presenterade den europeiska kommissionen det först utkastet för vad som slutligen skulle bli ”alternative investment fund managers” (AIFMD) direktivet. Från början utsattes direktivet för kritik. Direktivets mål är att reglera den inre marknaden för AIF: er (alternativa investeringsfonder). Efter tillägg och omskrivningar antogs slutligen direktivet av Europaparlamentet och EuroparådeIn April 2009 the European Commission presented the first draft of what would eventually become the alternative investment fund managers directive. From the beginning, the directive was subject to criticism. The goal of the directive is to regulate the internal market for AIF: s (alternative investment funds). After amendments and rewrites the European parliament and the European council finally a

Denna uppsats fokuserar på offentliga upphandlingar och behandlar begreppet onormalt låga anbud. Dessa anbudens låga nivå kan vara grundade i dolda motiv eller missförstånd från anbudsgivaren. Detta medför att den upphandlande myndigheten kan vilja förkasta det aktuella anbudet. Den låga nivån kan däremot lika gärna vara helt legitimt och bör därmed inte förkastas. Regelverket samt praxis på områdThis thesis focuses on public procurements and deals with the concept of abnormally low tenders. The low levels in a tender can be founded in a hidden agenda or in a misunderstanding by the tenderer. This means that the contracting authority may wish to reject the current offer. The low level, on the other hand, can just as easily be completely legitimate and should therefore not be discouraged. T

Popular Science Abstract This thesis is about the construction and demonstration of time correlated single photon counting (TSCPC) setup. The technique is essentially digital and is based on detection and counting of single photon, recognizing quantum nature of light. The time is measured between excitation pulse and detected photons and is stored in histogram with x-axis corresponding to time in

Popular science summary You are what you eat In this project I used a method called stable isotope analysis. This method is based on the principle ‘you are what you eat.' To begin whith, isotopes are forms of the same element sharing the same number of electrons but differ from each other in its number of neutrons in the nucleus. For example, stable isotope of 13carbon has one extra neutron

Integrated reporting is an approach to corporate reporting that seeks to integrate significant financial and non-financial information and demonstrate how they are connected to each other. By doing so, integrated reporting is expected to lead to integrated thinking and decision-making, reflecting how an organisation impacts and is impacted by the economic, social and environmental context in which

This master thesis is aimed at developing a docking station for Axis communications’ camera V5915. The docking station in this master thesis will only reach a proof of concept level. Axis communications wanted to try to make an accessory which would make a camera wireless in the means of both power and communications. Studies on batteries were conducted early on in the project to understand the This article describes the master thesis work performed at LTH and concerns the process of designing and building a prototype that makes an Axis Communications stationary camera completely wireless. This will be achieved by incorporating a Wi-Fi and a suitable battery into a chassis design. The data transfer rates of wireless communication has only recently reached high enough levels to support h

Background. For breathing adapted radiotherapy, the same motion monitoring system can be used for imaging and triggering of the accelerator. Purpose. To evaluate a new technique for prospective gated computed tomography (CT) and four-dimensional CT (4DCT) using a laser based surface scanning system (Sentinel(™), C-RAD, Uppsala, Sweden). The system was compared to the AZ-733V respiratory gating sys

The European electric power industry has undergone considerable changes over the past two decades as a result of more stringent laws concerning environmental protection along with the deregulation and liberalization of the electric power market. However, the pressure to deliver solutions in regard to the issue of climate change has increased dramatically in the last few years and has given rise to

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted by vegetation play an important role for aerosol mass loadings since the oxidation products of these compounds can take part in the formation and growth of secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The concentrations and properties of BVOCs and their oxidation products in the atmosphere are poorly characterized, which leads to high uncertainties in model

The function of a paper machine is to form the paper sheet and remove the water from the sheet. A modern paper machine is divided into three main parts, the wire section, the press section, and the dryer section. Although the dryer section is only responsible for removing less than 1% of the water volume in the original stock to the head box, this is the part of the paper machine that, by far, con

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen studerar den svenska jordbruksomvandlingen under 1800-talet. Syftet är dels att analysera böndernas roll i jordbruksomvandlingen, dels att identifiera de egenskaper som de ledande bönderna, de agrara entreprenörerna, hade. Detta görs genom att studera ansökningar om skifte och kreditmarknadens utnyttjande i tre skånska socknar, Brösarp, Saxtorp och V. KarabThis study deals with the agricultural transformation in 19th century Sweden. The aims are: firstly, to analyse the peasants' role as entrepreneurs in the transformation of agriculture, and secondly, to identify the distinctive characteristics of the agrarian entrepreneurs by studying particular aspects of entrepreneurial dealings during the agricultural transformation in Scania between 1800 and 1

Providing accessible, acceptable and appreciated public transport for elderly people is essential. This work studies the relation between elderly people’s preferences of standard factors in different public transport systems, and their physical capacity. Three public transport systems are focused, service route traffic, trunk route traffic and special transport service, which demand different capa

Sexuella övergrepp är den vanligaste formen av skadlig behandling av barn globalt sett. Samhällets syn på barnet som ett högst skyddsvärt objekt har lett till utvecklingen av särskilda metoder för arbetet med barn idag. För att undvika risken att ett barn som varit med om en traumatisk upplevelse tvingas påminnas om det har en praxis skapats som innebär att barnet inte närvarar i rättegången. StörSexual abuse is the most common form of harmful treatment of children globally. Society´s view of the child as particularly worthy of protection has led to the development of specific methods used in the work with children today. In order to avoid the risk of children subject to abuse being forced to relive the events, a custom of not having the child attend the trial has formed. A greater focus i