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The invention of the laser in 1960 gave us the ruby laser, which generally produced chaotic pulses of light. Six years later, in 1966, a concept called passive mode-locking applied to neodymium-glass lasers produced reasonably well-behaving picosecond pulses. This triggered an intense activity, with respect to developing improved laser pulse sources, measurement techniques, and application to chem

The processes that shape the extended atmospheres of red supergiants, heat their chromospheres, create molecular reservoirs, drive mass loss, and create dust remain poorly understood. Betelgeuse's V-band "Great Dimming"event of 2019 September/2020 February and its subsequent rapid brightening provides a rare opportunity to study these phenomena. Two different explanations have emerged to explain t

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder affecting more than 65 million people worldwide and manifested by recurrent unprovoked seizures. The unpredictability of seizures not only degrades the quality of life of the patients, but it can also be life-threatening. Modern systems monitoring elec-troencephalography (EEG) signals are being currently developed with the view to detect epileptic seizur

During the Late Glacial, hunter-gatherers began using ceramic cooking containers in three separate geographic regions of East Asia: China, Japan and in the Russian Far East. While recent research has clarified the use of early pottery in Japan, very little is known about what led to the emergence of pottery in the other two areas, including the likely environmental, economic or cultural drivers. I

We have analyzed the adsorption of protein to the surfaces of silica nanoparticles with diameters of 6, 9, and 15 nm. The effects upon adsorption on variants of human carbonic anhydrase with differing conformational stabilities have been monitored using methods that give complementary information, i.e., circular dichroism (CD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC)

The effect of nutrient availability on plant growth and the terrestrial carbon sink under climate change and elevated CO2 remains one of the main uncertainties of the terrestrial carbon cycle. This is partially due to the difficulty of assessing nutrient limitation at large scales over long periods of time. Consistent declines in leaf nitrogen (N) content and leaf δ15N have been used to suggest th

To date, the assessment of hydrological climate change impacts, not least on pluvial flooding, has been severely limited by i) the insufficient spatial resolution of regional climate models (RCMs) as well as ii) the simplified description of key processes, e.g., convective rainfall generation. Therefore, expectations have been high on the recent generation of high-resolution convection-permitting

This thesis is intended to make a contribution to ongoing efforts to enhance our understanding of the “popular” in the study of politics through a critical examination of the uses and constructions of the people in Turkish politics since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923, to the present in order to distinguish between different modalities of appeals to the “people” and their implic

This master thesis is aimed at developing a docking station for Axis communications’ camera V5915. The docking station in this master thesis will only reach a proof of concept level. Axis communications wanted to try to make an accessory which would make a camera wireless in the means of both power and communications. Studies on batteries were conducted early on in the project to understand the This article describes the master thesis work performed at LTH and concerns the process of designing and building a prototype that makes an Axis Communications stationary camera completely wireless. This will be achieved by incorporating a Wi-Fi and a suitable battery into a chassis design. The data transfer rates of wireless communication has only recently reached high enough levels to support h

An extensive part of the Swedish roads are low-traffic roads, which are not properly constructed and thus lack the necessary bearing capacity. The Swedish Transport Administration has a limited budget each year that is used to fix the roads with the comprehensive needs. Therefore, it is important to be able to make a quick inventory of the existing damages in order to make road maintenance more co

This thesis aims to show the prospect of capacitance measurements over nanowire arrays as an evaluation method of the p-doping level in weakly p-doped p-n nanowires. The premise of the method is that there will be a high yield of statistical data regarding the doping level of the nanowires. The majority of the work carried out and presented in this thesis is however aimed at the manufacturing of a

This thesis explores the mechanisms through which donors govern the international aid system. By looking closer at the case of donor—NGO relationships in Nepal this paper aims at uncovering the technologies of power used by donors, consequences of these (power effects), and strategic responses from NGOs. Applying a combined governance and resource dependence approach, through a neo-institutionalis

För att uppnå de nationella klimatmålen har energieffektivisering vid renovering av flerbostadshus uppmärksammats som ett strategiskt område. Dock väljer många fastighetsägare bort investeringar i energieffektiviserande åtgärder till förmån för projekt som anses vara mer lönsamma. Därmed är det av intresse att undersöka hur fastighetsägarna motiverar sina val vid investeringar i energieffektiviserIn order to achieve the national climate goals in Sweden, energy-efficiency has been noticed as a strategic area. Despite of the possibility, investments in sustainable retrofit of building blocks are not prioritized among property owners. Instead, projects with a higher profit are chosen. Therefore, it is essential to scrutinize the decision-makers motivation during this investments and how the p

Food policies have become increasingly relevant for the federal and municipal planning in the recent decades. Poor quality diets are associated with a number of diseases, such as obesity, heart diseases, diabetes, and some cancers. I have done a case study of food policy in San Francisco. I focus on the three dimensions of the city food planning, such as access to healthy food, sustainable and loc

This report describes the development and design of a new concept for a lifting device in Tetra Pak’s R1 filling line. It is important that the problems and challenges with the current design, the Tetra Pak R1 Elevator, is fathomed to get a better understanding of what was aimed to achieve in this thesis and why. The purpose of the Tetra Pak R1 filling line is to automatically fold, fill and seal

The Öresund region, or Greater Copenhagen as it also is represented as, is a cross-border region connecting Skåne with Copenhagen. Political initiatives have forced development towards a more integrated region with one regional identity. This has been complicated by border controls, redefining the national borders in an inconvenient way, especially for everyday transnational commuters. Through sem

Med anledning av de ökande utsläppskraven för avloppsreningsverk kommer ökade resurser i form av elektricitet och kemikalier att krävas om dagens teknologi ska användas även i fortsättningen. Följaktligen undersöks för tillfället mer effektiva metoder, vilka tillåter inte bara rening av avloppsvattnet utan även erbjuder en möjlighet att ta tillvara på de resurser som finns i avloppsvattnet. En resDue to increasingly stringent outlet demands from waste water treatment plants, more resources in the form of electricity and chemicals will be needed if today’s technology is to be used henceforth. Consequently, more efficient methods are being investigated, which allow not only for the waste water to be treated but also offer an opportunity to utilise the resources present within the waste water

I takt med att förflyttningarna över gränserna ökar blir fall av olovligt bortförande och kvarhållande av barn allt vanligare. Med olovligt bortförande av barn menas att en förälder tar barnet till ett annat land så att den andre föräldern inte längre kan ta del av vårdnaden om barnet. Med olovligt kvarhållande menas främst att en förälder olovligt håller kvar barnet i ett land efter utgången av eAs the movements across the borders increase, so do the wrongful removals and retentions of children. Wrongful removals mean that a parent takes the child to another country so that the other parent no longer can take part in the custody of the child. Wrongful retention mean that a parent wrongfully retains the child after the expiration of the access right. The general rule in these cases is that

Det finns idag robotar som är särskilt anpassade för att användas av räddningsteam i följderna av katastrofer som hjälpmedel i deras arbete att lokalisera och rädda människor instängda i trånga utrymmen. De är dock mycket dyra vilket begränsar deras användande och gör att användarna tvekar innan de skickar in en robot med risken att skada eller förlora den. Detta projekt dokumenterar det första stRobots currently exist that are specifically designed for use in the wake of disasters to help rescue teams in their work of locating and rescuing individuals trapped in confined spaces. However, they are prohibitively expensive which limits their adoption and causes the operators to think twice before they're deploying a robot with the risk of losing or damaging it. This project details the f

Ansvarsgenombrott, det vill säga när aktieägare åläggs personligt betalningsansvar för bolagets skulder utan lagstöd, behandlas ingående i denna uppsats. Uppsatsens syfte är att, genom en rättsdogmatisk metod, utreda ansvarsgenombrott som rättsligt institut. Ansvarsgenombrott är ett undantag från huvudprincipen om frihet från personligt ansvar som stadgas i 1 kap. 3§ ABL. Huvudprincipen är ett av This essay investigates ”Piercing the corporate veil”, in other words when the duties of a corporation through a legal decision is treated as a liability of its shareholders. The purpose of the essay is to analyse piercing the corporate veil as a legal institute through a legal dogmatic method. Piercing the corporate veil is an exception from the main principle of shareholders’ limited liability,