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Popular Abstract in Swedish Alzheimers sjukdom och vaskulär demens är de vanligaste orsakerna till demens hos äldre, ett tillstånd som i takt med den ökande åldrade befolkningen kommer att innebära ett allt större lidande och en alltjämt ökande ekonomisk belastning. Direkta och indirekta kostnader för vård och omsorg av demenspatienter uppgår sannolikt till ca 40 miljarder kronor om året. Detta ärDementia is a state of permanent loss of cognitive function, most commonly affecting the elderly. With a rapidly growing aged population, the spectrum of disorders that lead to dementia is exerting an ever-increasing toll on patients, families and society alike. The most common dementing disorders are Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Although Alzheimer's disease is very common and was de

Sulfur-containing compounds are used as rescue agents to protect normal tissue from the toxic side effects of cis-[PtCl2(NH3)(2)] (cisplatin) without affecting its anti-tumour activity. Reactions of the model complexes [Pt(dien)Cl](+) (1) and [Pt(dien)(GSMe)](2+) (2) (GSMe = S-methylglutathione) with the rescue agents glutathione (GSH), thiourea, thiosulfate, and diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) have

Most computers today are embedded, i.e. they are built into some products or system that is not perceived as a computer. It is highly desirable to use modern safe object-oriented software techniques for a rapid development of reliable systems. However, languages and run-time platforms for embedded systems have not kept up with the front line of language development. Reasons include complex and, in

Popular Abstract in Swedish Telomerer är en specialiserad DNA-protein struktur som finns i slutet av den linjära kromosomen. Trots att den telomera regionen inte innehåller några gener anses den vara oumbärlig för kromosomernas överlevnad. Telomererna skyddar kromosomerna från nedbrytning orsakad av enzymatiska attacker. Kromosomer utan telomerer har dessutom visats vara ytterst reaktiva och fuserThe telomeres, the physical ends of the chromosomes, consist in various species of short simple tandem repeats which are extended by telomerase. The Drosophila melanogaster telomeres, which instead are elongated by retroposons, are an exception. In Chironomus pallidivittatus and Chironomus tentans the telomeres contain 340/350-bp tandem repeats in blocks up to 200 kb in size. The structure of the

In Sweden, municipalities organize a large share of public services but the conditions for providing these services differ considerably due to differences in size and wealth. In the wake of financial stress and New Public Management reforms the Swedish local governments seeks new ways to make both ends meet and still manage the services to be in line with the present (not the past) demands of the

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a very efficient treatment for severe depression. However, cognitive side effects have raised concern to whether ECT can cause cellular damage in vulnerable brain regions. A few recent animal studies have reported limited hippocampal cell loss, while a number of other studies have failed to find any signs of cellular damage and some even report that electroconvul

Popular Abstract in Swedish Blodkärlen har till uppgift att distribuera syre och näring till kroppens alla celler, samt att borttransportera slaggprodukter som sedan bildas efter nyttjandet. Dessutom förmedlas en rad signalsubstanser till kroppens vävnader via blodcirkulationen. Eftersom mängden cirkulerande blod är begränsad är det viktigt att blodkärlen, bestående av artärer som för blodet från This thesis aims at characterizing the endothelin (ET) receptors in different vascular beds of man and rat. The ET-A receptor was shown to be the only contractile ET receptor present in all vascular regions, with the exception of the rat mesenteric vein where a weak ET-B receptor-mediated contraction was seen. Treatment with antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to the ET-A receptor mRNA during organ cu

Popular Abstract in Swedish Radiojodbehandling av sköldkörteln är den vanligaste radiofarmakaterapin. För att beräkna aktiviteten 131I som krävs för att ge en viss stråldos till sköldkörteln behöver sköldkörtelns massa och den individuella biokinetiken bestämmas. Biokinetiken består vanligtvis av det individuella upptaget av jodid och den biologiska halveringstiden av jod i sköldkörteln. Den bioloRadioiodine therapy of hyperthyroidism is the most frequently performed radiopharmaceutical therapy. To calculate the activity of 131-I to be administered for giving a certain absorbed dose to the thyroid, the mass of the thyroid and the individual biokinetic data, normally in the form of uptake and biologic half-time, have to be determined. The biologic half-time is estimated from several uptake

Optical spectroscopy has been used as a supplement to conventional techniques for analyzing and diagnosing cancer in many human organs. Because ocular tumors may be characterized by their different melanin content, we investigated the feasibility of using transscleral visible/near-infrared spectroscopy (Vis/NIRS) to estimate the quantity of melanin in a novel uveal melanoma phantom of ex vivo porc

Mutations in seven genes are robustly associated with autosomal dominant (SNCA, LRRK2, EIF4G1, VPS35) or recessive (parkin/PARK2, PINK1, DJ1/PARK7) Parkinson's disease (PD) or parkinsonism. Changes in a long list of additional genes have been suggested as causes for parkinsonism or PD, including genes for hereditary ataxias (ATXN2, ATXN3, FMR1), frontotemporal dementia (C9ORF72, GRN, MAPT, TARDBP)

The basic structure of the Solar System is set by the presence of low-mass terrestrial planets in its inner part and giant planets in its outer part. This is the result of the formation of a system of multiple embryos with approximately the mass of Mars in the inner disk and of a few multi-Earth-mass cores in the outer disk, within the lifetime of the gaseous component of the protoplanetary disk.

This work is the first comprehensive description of Makalero, a language spoken by approximately 6,500 speakers in the Iliomar subdistrict, in the south-east of the Republic of East Timor. While previous sources considered it to be a dialect of the larger language Makasae, the present study, which is based on primary data gathered by the author during fieldwork in East Timor, notes sufficient gram

Distal tephra horizons, particularly within lacustrine sequences, are increasingly being used as time-synchronous marker horizons within palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental investigations. As sedimentary features marking the presence of these so-called cryptotephras are absent to the naked eye, it is of some importance that the stratigraphic position representing primary airfall, and likewise t

The effect of the anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) on the adsorption behavior of cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (Polymer JR-400) and hydrophobically modified cationic cellulose (Quatrisoft LM-200) at hydrophobized silica has been investigated by null ellipsometry and compared with the previous data for adsorption onto hydrophilic silica surfaces. The adsorbed amount of LM-200 is fo

Species composition affects the carbon turnover and the formation and emission of the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) in wetlands. Here we investigate the individual effects of vascular plant species on the carbon cycling in a wetland ecosystem. We used a novel combination of laboratory methods and controlled environment facilities and studied three different vascular plant species (Eriophorum vagina

Migratory strategies of birds require complex orientation mechanisms, morphological adaptations, and life-history adjustments. From an evolutionary perspective, it is important to know how fast this complex combination of traits can evolve. We analyzed mitochondrial control-region DNA sequences in 241 blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla) from 12 populations with different migratory behaviors. The sample

Aim: Several studies have addressed the association between changes in the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone levels and changes in parameters of periodontitis. In order to understand how these hormones affect periodontal health it is of major importance to obtain information on their physiological importance. We have previously shown that periodontal ligament cells (PDL cells) express

Adaptive spectral estimation techniques are known to provide good spectral resolution and contrast even when the observation window (OW) is very short. In this paper two adaptive techniques are tested and compared to the averaged periodogram (Welch) for blood velocity estimation. The blood power spectral capon (BPC) method is based on a standard minimum variance technique adapted to account for bo

Aims: The roles of the diverse populations of micro-organisms responsible for biodegradation of organic matter to form methane and carbon dioxide are rudimentarily understood. To expand the knowledge on links between microbial communities and the rate limiting, hydrolytic stage of two-stage biogas production from energy crops, this study was performed. Methods and Results: The process performance.