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Popular Abstract in Swedish Inom sjukvården används strålning för att behandla cancer. Vid strålbehandling är det viktigt att man i förväg vet precis hur strålningen ska ges till patienten för att resultatet av behandlingen skall bli bra. Ett hjälpmedel som används för detta är ett datorprogram (dosplaneringssystem) som, med utgångspunkt från patientens anatomi, beräknar hur varje enskild patient Gel dosimetry is a new dosimetry method applied in radiation therapy. Gel dosimeters consist of a radiation sensitive gel, which can integrate absorbed doses from several radiation sources or beams. The dose to the gel can be evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a procedure that is the focus of the present thesis. A robust tool for the evaluation of the nonuniformity in MRI has been dev

Christopher Polhem (1661-1751), called the father of Swedish mechanics, is the most famous figure in Swedish history of technology and our nation's foremost inventor ever. Remarkably enough, a close survey in a monograph has never been written on this inventor who in many ways initiated the technical and industrial development of Sweden. In this project will Polhem for the first time get a broad a

Two-phase partitioning bioreactors offer many advantages for the removal of toxic pollutants. In particular, such systems can be loaded with very large quantities of pollutants without risks of microbial inhibition, they are self-regulated and they prevent the risks of hazardous pollutant volatilisation during aerobic treatment. However, their potential has never been tested at low temperatures. P

Master protocols combine several sub-trials, each with their own research objectives, which is usually presented as one single clinical trial application. Master protocols have become increasingly popular in oncology and haematology, as either basket, umbrella, or platform trials. Although master protocols are intended to accelerate drug development and to reduce futility, their use poses challeng

Starting from next year the technical feasibility of a direct seeding scheme at 30 and 13 nm will be studied at the Free-electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH). During a major shutdown the SASE-FEL facility will be upgraded and it is planned to install in addition a high-harmonic generation (HHG) seed laser, a new chain of 10 m variable gap un-dulators and a dedicated commissioning beamline for photon

Background: Today, patient self-determination has become an issue in many western countries due to the widespread availability and use of technology, which makes it possible to prolong life often in spite of severe disability and poor quality of life. Many people fear an overzealous use of modern life-saying procedures which merely serve to prolong the dying process. As a first step towards autono

With the potential to provide a clean break from massive multiple-input multiple-output, large intelligent surfaces (LISs) have recently received a thrust of research interest. Various proposals have been made in the literature to define the exact functionality of LISs, ranging from fully active to largely passive solutions. Nevertheless, almost all studies in the literature investigate the fundam

Epi is a humanoid robot developed by Lund University Cognitive Science Robotics Group. It was designed to be used in experiments in developmental robotics and has proportions to give a childlike impression while still being decidedly robotic. The robot head has two degrees of freedom in the neck and each eye can independently move laterally. There is a camera in each eye to make stereovision possi

Main problem: Self-management is essential for patients both before and after kidney transplantation and requires an adequate level of health literacy (HL), that is the ability to comprehend and process health information. Low HL is associated with poor clinical outcome and an increased risk of death. In Europe, HL has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of H

Light emission induced by inner-shell excitation of [Formula Presented] molecules has been investigated in the wavelength region [Formula Presented] Synchrotron radiation from the SuperACO storage ring in Orsay (France) has been used for the photoexcitation and a high-resolution secondary monochromator [Formula Presented] for the spectral analysis of the fluorescence light. Vibrationally resolved

There is a widening gap between the fast advancement of computational methods for tomographic reconstruction and their successful implementation in production software at various synchrotron facilities. This is due in part to the lack of readily available instrument datasets and phantoms representative of real materials for validation and comparison of new numerical methods. Recent advancements in

Consumer goods contribute to anthropogenic climate change across their product life cycles through carbon emissions arising from raw materials extraction, processing, logistics, retail and storage, through to consumer use and disposal. How can consumer goods manufacturers make stepwise reductions in their product life cycle carbon emissions by engaging with, and influencing their main stakeholders

Rivers have traditionally been viewed as negligible sources of iron (Fe) to marine waters, as most Fe gets lost during estuarine mixing. However, recent findings demonstrate that Fe from boreal rivers display a higher resistance towards salinity-induced aggregation, presumably due to stabilizing interactions with organic matter. Previous studies have shown that Fe (oxy)hydroxides are selectively r

SI-PASS is an academic assistance program that provides help for students in “difficult” courses, often introductory courses for first-year students. The idea behind SI is that learning a subject is enhanced by an exchange of thoughts and ideas between students. The goal is to make the students become active and independent learners that sees peers as a learning resource. SI-PASS is connected to a

OBJECTIVE: To study whether changes in the properties of skin from patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) are the result of altered metabolism of dermatan sulfate proteoglycans.METHODS: Fibroblast cultures were established from skin of healthy controls, and from affected and unaffected skin of patients with SSc. Synthesized proteoglycans were labeled with 3H glucosamine and 35S sulfate. The amount

Telomerase maintains telomere length and chromosome integrity by adding short tandem repeats of single-stranded DNA to the 3' ends, via reverse transcription of a defined template region of its RNA subunit. To further understand the telomerase elongation mechanism, we studied the primer utilization and extension activity of the telomerase from the budding yeast Naumovozyma castellii (Saccharomyces

Background: The Tau PET ligand 18F-AV1451 has been shown to reliably detect paired helical filaments of tau in Alzheimer's disease, but it is not yet known whether it binds to the tau aggregates present in patients with mutations in the gene (MAPT) coding for the tau protein. Further, no study has yet compared the cerebral retention of 18F -AV1451 with the tau aggregates revealed using neuropathol

MOTIVATION: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are believed to be essential in controlling several bacterial pathogens. Quantification of NETs in vitro is an important tool in studies aiming to clarify the biological and chemical factors contributing to NET production, stabilization and degradation. This estimation can be performed on the basis of fluorescent microscopy images using appropriate