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Nitrogen (N) cycle dynamics and N deposition play an important role in determining the terrestrial biosphere's carbon (C) balance. We assess global and biome-specific N deposition effects on C sequestration rates with the dynamic global vegetation model LPJ-GUESS. Modeled CN interactions are evaluated by comparing predictions of the C and CN version of the model with direct observations of C fluxe
The main challenge in predicting structure-borne sound in wood buildings is to accurately model the vibration transmission between the source and the receiving room. Large variations in model parameters make it difficult to predict absolute vibration levels and to make conclusions regarding the relative effects of different designs. A step towards establishing reliable models is to investigate the
In the last couple of decades, countries have enacted new laws concerning environmental pollution caused by heavy-duty commercial and passenger vehicles. This is done mainly in an effort to reduce smog and health impacts caused by the different pollutions. One of the legislated pollutions, among a wide range of regulated pollutions, is nitrogen oxides (commonly abbreviated as NOx). The SCR (SelectIn the last couple of decades, countries have enacted new laws concerning environmental pollution caused by heavy-duty commercial and passenger vehicles. This is done mainly in an effort to reduce smog and health impacts caused by the different pollutions. One of the legislated pollutions, among a wide range of regulated pollutions, is nitrogen oxides (commonly abbreviated as NOx). The SCR (Select
Electronic dynamics takes place on the attosecond timescale and can thus only be studied using a tool with attosecond temporal resolution. High harmonic generation (HHG) provides coherent attosecond pulses in the extreme ultraviolet spectral region. The work presented in this thesis focuses on generating and characterizing ultrashort femtosecond pulses and using them for HHG, together with a gatin
"A brief history of sound art is, in a nutshell, a history of sonic forms of expression that throughout the twentieth century can be traced within music, the visual arts, and contemporary dance, as well as in performance art, conceptual art, and media art. Attempts to capture sound art as a detached and isolated art form or artistic phenomenon have been made, but this is definitely not the approac
Background Medical adherence is important in the treatment of depression. Primary medical adherence, i.e. patients collecting their newly prescribed medications from pharmacies, is very different depending on the drug prescribed Objective To assess the rate of primary medical adherence in patients prescribed antidepressants and to identify characteristics that make patients less likely to pick up
This paper presents a preliminary model of the occupational history of the valley bottoms at the edges of the bed of the Quequén Grande River (Argentina) during the late Holocene. The ultimate goal of the research is to situate some aspects of technology, mobility, land-use patterns and settlement systems as a proximal consequence of a long-term process of 'lithification', that is, the positioning
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling diskuterar hur en föreställning om enhet har präglat västerländskt politiskt tänkande om politisk gemenskap. Den visar att ett antagande om likhet, återspeglad i tid, rum, språk och rationalitet, har setts som en förutsättning för politisk gemenskap. Antagandet om likhet innebär att varje försök att utvidga gemenskapen ger upphov till nya exkluderingar This thesis argues that the Western thinking of political community has assumed the community to require a unity or unifying principle that serves as delineation. It suggests that sameness, reflected in history, space, language, or reason, has been assumed as the condition of possibility of the political community. Consequently, a particular identity is made a prerequisite for membership and vouch
Extreme environments (high and low temperature, high and low pH, etc.) are inhabited by a vast and diverse flora of microorganisms, which are adapted to these environments (extremophiles). The enzymes produced by extremophiles are active under these harsh conditions and are thus applicable in processes, where conditions are outside the working range of enzymes originating from mesophiles. In this
Popular Abstract in SwedishDenna avhandling studerar relationer mellan film och historia. Tesen som drivs är följande: Film utgör ett i stora delar outnyttjat historiskt källmaterial som alltid säger mer av empiriskt värde om sin produktionskontext än det gör om perioden som skildras. Denna tes bygger vidare på resonemang kring film och historia som genom åren har framlagts av företrädesvis historThe hypothesis put forward in this thesis stipulates that films always say more of empirical value about the time in which they are produced than they do about the periods they depict. The aim is not only to prove that such an idea is valid, but also that it might be transformed into a new and applicable theory in studies of film and history. Here, this is done in contextualized analyses of the pr
A primary purpose of traditional systems analysis is seen as ‘capture’ or ‘elicitation’ of user requirements, in order to produce specifications as a basis for information systems design. Such a view presupposes that user requirements are pre-existing and clear, and that the particular ‘users’ concerned know what they are, and can therefore articulate them. We would argue that none of these assump
Häktning och restriktioner anses vara de mest ingripande personella tvångsmedel som kan användas mot den misstänkte. Det anses nödvändigt att åklagaren under förundersökning och brottmålsprocessen kan använda sig av straffprocessuella tvångsmedel för att lösa brott. Här skapas en spänning mellan statens möjligheter till effektiv brottsutredning och den enskildes krav på att tvångsåtgärder inte tilDetention and restrictions are the most coercive measures that can affect the suspect. It is considered necessary that the prosecutor during preliminary investigation and criminal trial procedure can use coercive measures to solve crimes. Here emerges a tension between the state´s opportunities to effective criminal investigation and the individual’s requirements that coercive measures are not app
Den svenska rättsordningen är unik i det att lagförarbeten tillmäts osedvanligt stor vikt i rättstillämpningen. Dessa har gått från att endast vara arbetsmaterial i lagstiftningsprocessen till att utgöra en viktig rättskälla i rättstillämpningen. Den svenska lagstiftningstekniken producerar kortfattade och allmänt hållna lagtexter. För att finna lagens sanna innehåll är domare och andra rättstilläThe Swedish judicial system is unique in that an unusual amount of importance is attributed to preparatory works. These have evolved from just being a law in progress to constituting one of the major sources of law in the application of such. The Swedish legislative technique tends to produce concise and general rules of law. In order to find the true meaning of the law, judges and other legal pra
För mindre och nystartade aktiebolag kan finansiering vara ett gissel, särskilt om den verksamhet som bedrivs i bolaget är kostsam eller förenad med hög finansiell risk för potentiella finansiärer. Sådan är situationen ofta i det som i folkmun kallas ”startups”, då bolagen frekvent bygger på enbart en idé eller en outvecklad produkt, och därmed utgör mycket osäkra investeringar för poten- tiella fFunding for a small or newly established limited company can be difficult, especially if the operating objective in the company is associated with high costs and high financial risks for potential financiers. This is often the case for so called “start-ups”, as these types of companies are frequently based on an idea or an undeveloped product. Investing in a start-up is very risky for pot- ential
In Zambia, the privatisation of state owned companies is challenging job security, working conditions and workers’ rights. It has also weakened the role of government as a regulator of labour legislation, which in Zambia is quite progressive, compared to other countries in the region. Workers struggle to survive and therefore turn to trade unions in order to change their situation. This study exam
The Nuremberg Charter introduced corporate criminal liability into international law and the great American Chief Prosecutor Justice Robert Jackson gave a promise that any legal person who commits crimes prescribed by international law shall be prosecuted and punished according to international criminal law. However, during this period of time, a corporation was never prosecuted per se as the sitt
I aktiebolag har ägarna i regel inget personligt ansvar för bolagets förpliktelser. Ägaren riskerar huvudsakligen bara sin insats i bolaget om bolaget skulle gå dåligt. För att detta inte skall kunna missbrukas så finns det regler som trots det kan göra företrädaren personligt ansvarig I aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) (ABL) återfinns bland annat regler om medansvar vid kapitalbrist. Borgenärer kan gIn limited liability companies, the owners generally have no personal responsibility for the company's obligations. The owner only risks his stake in the company if the company finds itself in dire times. In order for this not to be abused, there are rules which could make representatives personally responsible for the liabilities of the company. The Swedish Companies Act (2005: 551) (SCA) co
Multilaminering av akustikplattor-låter det bra? Introduktion av nya tillverkningstekniker öppnar upp nya möjligheter för etablerade produkter. Denna pånyttfödelse kan mycket väl resultera i en användning av en större andel återvunnet material, mindre materialåtgång eller nya egenskaper hos produkterna. Bullriga miljöer, låga ljudfrekvenser och intensiva ljud påverkar människor negativt. I naturenSaint-Gobain Ecophon manufactures acoustic ceiling tiles made primarily of glass wool and are interested in exploring the idea of a new manufacturing technique – using thinner layers of material and laminating these together. The possible benefits are, amongst others, the ability to use different kinds of material where they are the most useful, reduced costs, larger amounts of recycled material,
