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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review recent experiments conducted using embryonic tissue and stem cell transplants in experimental models of Parkinson's disease. We also highlight the challenges which remain to be met in order for cell therapy to become clinically effective and safe. RECENT FINDINGS: The outcome of previous clinical transplantation trials was variable in terms of motor recovery. We discus
Background: Radiography as a concept has mainly been associated with the functional role of the radiographer. The concept has been studied from a theoretical point of view. However, there is a lack of a theoretical foundation and research on the actual substance of the term radiography used in education. It is therefore important to undertake an investigation in order to determine how students aft
Hardwood spent sulphite liquors (HSSLs) are by-products from the pulping industry rich in pentoses, which are not yet fully exploited for bioprocessing, namely for the production of bioethanol. The sustainable fermentation of pentoses into bioethanol is a challenge to overcome. Besides sugars, HSSLs contains inhibitors that decrease the possibility of bioprocessing of these by-products. Neverthele
This report provides a brief review of how national government policies and guidelines apply to or regulate the use of environmental labelling and information schemes (ELIS) in selected OECD countries. The report reviews definitions relevant to environmental claims and identifies four types of potentially false or misleading environmental claims. The report also reviews countries’ different approa
Research on tourist mobility in combination with the tourists’ experiences has been rare to date. Previous studies focusing on the activities of tourists in time and space have most often used the method of time–space diaries. However, an important flaw in this method is that these recordings depend on the respondents’ personal observations and notes. This disadvantage is avoided by using Global P
Adolescent Cannabis exposure has been hypothesized to act as a gateway to opiate abuse. In order to investigate the role of genetic background in cannabinoid-opiate interactions, we studied the effect of Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure of adolescent Lewis and Fischer 344 rats on the responsiveness of accumbens shell and core dopamine (DA), as monitored by microdialysis, to THC and heroin
This paper presents a measurement of the double-differential cross section for the Drell-Yan Z/γ∗ → ℓ+ℓ− and photon-induced γγ → ℓ+ℓ− processes where ℓ is an electron or muon. The measurement is performed for invariant masses of the lepton pairs, mℓℓ, between 116 GeV and 1500 GeV using a sample of 20.3 fb−1 of pp collisions data at centre-of-mass energy of s=8 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector a
Elements of the Ordovician conodont genus Protopanderodus have been investigated in order to provide a model of reconstruction for its oral apparatus. In total, 4202 elements from the five named species representing this genus in the Swedish Middle Ordovician are included in this study; P. rectus, P. parvibasis, P. graeai, P. robustus, and P. calceatus. The well-preserved specimens were studied in
Microfluidic systems have become one of the most interesting fields in the research of chemical analysis. Miniaturized systems exhibit numerous practical advantages when compared with traditional batch-scale synthesis such as lower sample volumes, increased control of the reactions and higher sample throughput. This thesis describes the development and applications of a parallel channel microreact
Founded on recent empirical experiences and results from a Housing Adaptation Project accomplished in a Swedish municipality, this paper aims to elucidate and problematize challenges inherent in the process of developing research-based strategies for housing adaptation (HA) evaluations feasible for municipality contexts. In this paper, theory and conceptual definitions of client-level outcomes rel
Strain localisation plays a key role in the deformation of granular materials. Such localisation involves bands of just a few grains wide, which dominate the material's macroscopic response. This grain-scale phenomenon presents challenges for continuum modelling, which is the rationale behind models that explicitly take micro-scales into account. These in turn require micro-scale experimental anal
The standard procedure for photopatch testing includes 24-h occlusion of the allergen, followed by irradiation at 5 J/cm2 ultraviolet A (UVA). Due to the timing, a separate visit to the clinic is needed for UV irradiation. The aim of this study was to determine whether a reduction in occlusion time from 24 h to 1 h, in order to simplify the testing procedure, influences test results when photopatc
We report on realization and transport spectroscopy study of single quantum dots (QDs) made from InSb nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The nanowires employed are 50-80 nm in diameter and the QDs are defined in the nanowires between the source and drain contacts on a Si/SiO2 substrate. We show that highly tunable QD devices can be realized with the MBE-grown InSb nanowires and the g
One particular approach of behavioral economics has gained attention within environmental politics during the last decade. The idea of nudging (“gently pushing”) people in situations of decision-making towards the choice that in the long run is best for them as well as for the society and/or the environment seems to attract policy makers around the world. Many governments inside and outside the EU
Most aerosol particles emitted from shipping affect the climate by counteracting the greenhouse effect. Although, this masks the warming effect of greenhouse gases, aerosol particles also have a negative health effects, and therefore emissions need to be reduced. It is possible that the negative health effect could be a concern for not only city dwellers, but for people living in rural areas as we
Rapid urbanization has dramatically increased housing demand in Hanoi, the capital city of Vietnam. To alleviate housing shortage, the city of Hanoi has developed a housing program of which the major part is housing development through new urban area projects. New urban area, or new town, projects are large-scale developments designed mainly for residential purposes, with integrated infrastructure
Models of physical systems are often expressed as a system of mathematical expressions derived from first principles. However some of the relationships present in a model are more conveniently expressed as a table, i.e. for certain values of independent variables the values of dependent variables are known. This imposes a limitation on the optimization software to be used, since optimization softw
The purpose of this thesis is to explore and understand the significant of social networks for Burmese domestic migrant workers who live in Thailand. In order to achieve that, the thesis employs the concept of social capital to scrutinize different social networks in the migrants’ lives. The analysis in the thesis has been done both in larger level focusing on the role and important of social capi
The quantum cascade laser (QCL) is a solid state device capable of generating the coherent mid-infrared and terahertz radiation. It is made from layers of different semiconducting materials. This layered structure gives rise to sub-bands, that are employed to achieve charge inversion necessary for lasing. However, the large number of interfaces that are not perfect strongly influences the operatio
