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Om någon vill ändra användningen av en byggnad, bygga till eller bygga nytt krävs oftast bygglov. Beslut om bygglov fattas av byggnadsnämnden. Om den sökta åtgärden vidtas utanför detaljplan skall alltid sakägare höras och ges tillfälle att yttra sig. Om den sökta åtgärden verkställs inom detaljplanerat område behöver detta endast ske om åtgärden innebär en avvikelse från detaljplanen. ExamensarbTo change the features of a existing building or to build a new building a building permit is needed. The building department at the municipality decides about building permits. The building departments inspection of the applied building permit are a public law inspection and are limited by the Planning and Building Act. Civil rights as ownership and easements are not to be included in the buildin

Preventing Cancer Cells from Proliferating On average an adult body consists of 37,2 trillion cells and if we were to thread them into a string, we could wrap it around earth almost 19 times! Each of our cells are programmed to fulfil a certain characteristic function at the correct location and at the correct time. This is all possible to the extremely controlled communication we have between ce

De första idéerna om hur planeterna i solsystemet bildades härstammar från den franske filosifen René Descartes på 1600-talet. Vad räknas solsystemet som - är denna teori bara kring planeterna eller hela solsystemet och dess komponenter?) Den teori som forskare tror på idag kan spåra sitt ursprung till mitten av 1700-talet, från den svenske forskaren Emanuel Swedenborg och den tyske filosofen ImmaA star forms with a surrounding protoplanetary disk after the collapse of a molecular cloud core. Subsequently, over a period of several Myr this protoplanetary disk of dust and gas is accreted onto the host star. We model the formation and evolution of such a protoplanetary disk using a one-dimensional numerical model. We find that disks form on a time scale of less than 1 Myr and that the size a

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure encryption key generation process to be used by two users in the presence of an eavesdropper. The no-cloning theorem allows the sender "Alice" to securely send qubits with single photons to the receiver "Bob". However, due to real-life imperfections, it is not always possible to have a single-photon source with its properties matching Since the dawn of the first civilizations, the security of information has proven vital to the success of any given community. History records the first attempts at using cryptography techniques in a 1900 BC to 600 BC time frame. In ancient times, the working mechanism of this technique involved the use of letters in the alphabet. To secure the information, these techniques shifted the letters’ nu

In times of climate change, companies face extreme pressure from external stakeholders to engage in environmental sustainability activities. Especially companies of industries that significantly contribute to the global carbon emissions are expected to change their behaviour. There, the road freight transportation business is known for its particularly heavy impact. Being forced to adapt to change

In September 2015, in the aftermath of the European refugee crisis, the European Union made a decision regarding a relocation program to move refugees from Italy and Greece to other member states. Poland voted in favor of the decision, but then didn’t follow through their obligations. The purpose of this paper is to study Poland's decision not to participate in the relocation program and to un

The 4th Industrial Revolution provides a window of opportunity for the developing world and in particular, Sub-Saharan Africa to catch-up in terms of social and economic development by enhancing growth through technological advances. At the same time, it bears the risk for Sub-Saharan Africa to fall even further behind if technological advances cannot be absorbed into the region’s economies. Altho

This thesis opens up the “black box” of business incubation and analyses how this process works in an incubator for cultural and creative ventures in Northern Sweden. The theoretical framework of the rites of passage by Arnold van Gennep and Victor Turner was adopted to guide the analysis. This theory indicates that one can move from one status to the next in a society through the means of differe

Agile software development promotes process adaptability throughout the life cycle of a project. A project is often broken down into smaller tasks and each task involves a cross-functional team working with all functions. There are many different agile methods, which focus on different aspects of the software development life cycle. Two of these agile methods are Kanban and Scrum, which focus on m

I denna uppsats utreds frågan om målsäganden borde ges mer bestämmanderätt i åtalsfrågan och möjlighet att bestämma form för konfliktlösningen - traditionell rättegång eller medling. Uppsatsen diskuterar också om målsäganden bör ges mer inflytande över huruvida rättegång ska inledas eller inte, genom att fler brott omvandlas till målsägande- respektive angivelsebrott. Uppsatsen slår fast att en The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether the plaintiff oughts to have a stronger influence on the question of intitation of legal proceedings in a crime case. The thesis also analyses whether the plaintiff should have the possibility to choose in which form the conflict should be solved – through a traditional trial or mediation. Further it discusses if more crimes should be turned into a

Torr jord ger ifrån sig mer koldioxid när det regnar När det regnar på torr jord bildas under en kort tid mycket mer koldioxid än vad jorden vanligtvis avger. Detta fenomen har varit känt sen 1950-talet och kallas enkelt för torkning och återfuktning. Även om vi vet att det sker så vet vi väldigt lite om varför det sker. Till en början trodde man att det hade att göra med en ökad aktivitet hos ma

Lunds Observatoriums Vakuum-Echelle Spektrograf (LOVES) är en spektrograf byggd för att studera ultraviolett ljus i våglängdsregionen 1000- 2000Å. Ultraviolett (UV) ljus i denna våglängdsregion absorberas i luft varför LOVES är konstruerad inuti en 2,5m lång evakuerad tank. LOVES är i dagsläget inte ett helt fullbordat vetenskapligt instrument. Detta projekthar haft som mål att utveckla och testa

Människors köpmönster ändras i takt med att digitala lösningar blir en allt mer integrerad del i deras vardag. Det blir allt lättare att hitta produktinformation och inköp kan utföras var som helst. Denna förändring är lätt att se inom de flesta delar av detaljhandeln, men inom livsmedelsbranschen är förändringen inte lika tydlig. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att genomföra en analys av köpmAs digital solutions become a more integrated part of peoples’ everyday life, their purchasing patterns are changing. Today it is easier to research products and purchases can be performed anytime, anywhere. The change is apparent in most retail sectors but not as much in the fast moving consumer goods sector. By using a user-centred approach this master thesis aim to analyse the user behaviour wi

Using Mauritania as a case study this thesis compares the decline of two forms of coercive labour, slavery and servitude, to understand how masters’ incentives differ depending on property right and thus affect conditions for decline. By re-analysing sociological research through an economic lens, this thesis offers a new angle on Mauritania’s emancipation process. It is suggested that changed mar

The recycling of plastic has the potential to support circular material use, thus decreasing the need for virgin plastics. However, there is an existing issue with assuring quality of recycled plastic materials, causing finished products to perform with poorer properties and unexpected deviations. Based on a thermoformed plastic packaging product, Product Y, made of recycled high density polyethyl

The recycling of plastic has the potential to support circular material use, thus decreasing the need for virgin plastics. However, there is an existing issue with assuring quality of recycled plastic materials, causing finished products to perform with poorer properties and unexpected deviations. Based on a thermoformed plastic packaging product, Product Y, made of recycled high density polyethyl

Ansvarsdebatten som följde av Transportstyrelsens it-affär 2017 inspirerade min frågeställning. Den lyder: Är det lämpligt att utkräva ansvar av statsråd för brister i förvaltningsmyndigheters verksamhet genom misstroendeför-klaring? Frågeställningen avgränsas genom att utgå från Ahlbäcks tre krite-rier angående ansvarsutkrävning. Dessa lyder: någon ska kunna urskiljas som ansvarig, kunskap ska fiThe IT-case of the Swedish Transport Office in 2017 combined with the debate that followed on accountability inspired my question. The question reads as follows: Is it appropriate to hold cabinet ministers accountable for deficiencies in administrative authority activities through a motion of cen-sure? This question is answered by using Ahlbäck’s three criteria for ac-countability. These read: som

Kravet på att regeringen ska skicka lagförslag på remiss till myndigheter och andra remissinstanser innan förslaget presenteras för riksdagen utgör en central del av den svenska lagstiftningsprocessen och har stadgats i RF sedan 1809. En tanke med remissförfarandet är att lagstiftningens konsekvenser ska bli kända på förhand och att lagstiftaren därmed kan avstå från att stifta lagar som stårThe demand that proposed laws are to be referred to authorities and civil organizations before they are presented to the parliament (the “referral demand”) forms a central part of the Swedish legislation process and has been stipulated in the Instruction of Government (IG) since 1809. One purpose of this procedure is that all possible consequences of a law are to be known before the law is vo

Syftet med projektet var att utvärdera katalysatorer med olika formuleringar för pre-reformingprocessen. Tre av de fem som testades tillverkades av studenten genom incipient wetness impregnation-metoden. BET-analys visade att katalysatorerna med Θ-alumina hade störst porvolym, den med γ-alumina hade däremot störst ytarea. Testerna gjordes i en tubreaktor som hade gasutloppet kopplat till en GC för