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This study is an extension of previous studies, Hagnell (1991) and Hagnell(1996), where the data used are annual time series for the whole of Sweden during the period 1751-1850 for the crude birth rate, the death rate for ages 20-50 years, the crude marriage rate and an index of the real wages. The aim of the study of Hagnell (1991) was to investigate the relationships between ferility, adult mort
A novel calculation methodology containing modeling and statistics was developed to assist the experimental process for the investigation of organics treatment process. A continuous-flow photo-electro treatment of Norfloxacin (NOR) was chosen as a target subject. The methodology is based on a new synergistic work of reaction energy calculation, full-scanned neural network (NN) simulation and new p
Swedish National Board of Housing, Building and Planning reported in "Energi i bebyggelsen"that 80 % of the detached houses in Sweden were under-ventilated, and had a flow of 0.23 l/(s·m2) on average instead of, by the code, required 0,35 l/(s·m2). Well known concerns here are lacking indoor environmental quality and a risk of moisture problems in certain rooms and in the envelope. The naturally v
While imaging optically dense media such as atomizing sprays, the multiple light scattering induces image artifacts and blurring effects which limit visibility.Therefore, extracting quantitative spray information such as droplet size and concentration from qualitative images becomes very challenging. However, multiple scattering effects can be efficiently addressed by means of the SLIPI (Structure
Background: Emergency department (ED) overcrowding is frequently described in terms of input- throughput and output. In order to reduce ED input, a concept called primary triage has been introduced in several Swedish EDs. In short, primary triage means that a nurse separately evaluates patients who present in the Emergency Department (ED) and either refers them to primary care or discharges them h
Pressurized Liquid Extraction was utilized for the extraction of seven selected polychlorinated biphenyls (28, 52, 101, 118, 153, and 180) from a naturally contaminated fishmeal and two feed samples fortified with a naturally contaminated fish oil sample. In order to assure sufficient extraction efficiencies, the extraction solvent, the extraction temperature, and the flush volume were optimised b
Popular Abstract in Swedish Blekinge tillhörde före freden i Roskilde 1658 Danmark. De östdanska provinserna erövrades av svenskarna och integrerades i det svenska riket. Övergångsproblematiken har i äldre forskning ofta diskuterats och analyserats med begrepp hämtade från en senare tids nationella föreställningar. Men var de motsättningar och konflikter som utvecklades i Blekinge efter övergångenThe object of this thesis is to examine the incorporation of the former Danish province of Blekinge into Sweden after the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658. This question has been analysed before but such studies have usually been coloured by the use of national ideas and notions born of a later age than the period under examination. This thesis analyses the so-called Transition Problem using theoretical
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling behandlar två ämnen inom trådlös kommunikation: interferens mellan frekvenshoppande (FH) nätverk och fleranvändardiversitet. I arbetet på FH nätverk undersöks ett system där frekvenshopp används för att möjliggöra samtidig tillgång till kanalen för multipla okoordinerade nätverk. Detta åstadkoms genom att frekvenshoppen sker varje gång ett ny paket skaThis thesis deals with two topics in wireless communications: interference between frequency-hopping (FH) networks, and multiuser diversity. The work on FH treats a system where FH is used to provide simultaneous access to the channel for multiple uncoordinated wireless networks. This is achieved by performing frequency hops on a packet-by-packet basis, and letting the sequence of hopping frequen
Along with an increasingly globalized business environment and a strongly held corporate belief that the world can be rationally managed, the last two decades have witnessed a growing demand for normative models dealing with cross-cultural management issues. This trend has allowed cross-cultural management to establish itself as a significant research field, with much of the initial inspiration co
The gas-to-aqueous solution shifts of the O-17 and C-13 NMR isotropic shielding constants for the carbonyl chromophore in formaldehyde and acetone are investigated. For the condensed-phase problem, we use the hybrid density functional theory/molecular mechanics approach in combination with a statistical averaging over an appropriate number of solute-solvent configurations extracted from classical
Popular Abstract in Swedish I många utvecklingsländer i tropiska klimat leder den snabba urbaniseringen till många problem, bl a försämrad termisk komfort i utemiljön. Detta har negativa följder för människors hälsa och välbefinnande och påverkar sociala och kommersiella aktiviteter utomhus negativt. Följaktligen är det mycket viktigt att åstadkomma komfortabla mikroklimat i urban miljö. Den huvuIn many developing tropical countries, rapid urban growth leads to several problems, including increased thermal stress. This has negative consequences for people's health and well-being, and affects social and commercial outdoor activities negatively. Consequently, the creation of thermally comfortable microclimates in urban environments is highly important. The main aim of this thesis is to dee
In 2009 the Democratic Party of Japan came to power with a new foreign policy tailored to the regional and global power shift from the United States to China: a more equal relationship with the United States and improved relations with Japan’s Asian neighbours. Within nine months the new Prime Minister Hatoyama Yukio resigned and the foreign policy shift was jettisoned by his successors. Conventio
Large software organizations with a product line development approach face many challenges regarding testing. Test managers need to make tradeoffs along three dimensions of repeated testing (abstraction level, time and product space) and consider a range of goals and constraints. In order to keep pace with the decreased development time for new products, which is enabled by the systematic reuse, s
Ion beam analysis techniques are now well established as research tools for a broad range of multidisciplinary scientific fields. The ability to focus an ion beam down to micrometer size has expanded and strengthened the capability of IBA techniques to a higher level. A new field “Nuclear microprobe (NMP) analysis” has been developed over the past decades, in which most IBA techniques are used and
Popular Abstract in Swedish I takt med att fossila bränslen, så som olja och bensin, minskar av jordens resurser så ökar tyvärr samtidigt förbrukningen och därmed efterfrågan på mer bränsle. Detta beror delvis på ökningen av antalet fordon samt på den ökande transportsektorn i världen. De enorma koldioxidutsläppen fortsätter att förstöra vår miljö. I ett kraftfullt försök att minska utsläppen och This thesis focuses on the electromagnetic design of a synchronous machine suited for a belt-driven alternator and starter (BAS) in a micro hybridisation of a mid-size passenger car. The BAS needs to provide a high cranking torque to start the combustion engine, especially in a cool condition where the requirements are highest. Besides the high cranking torque it is desirable to have high power pe
A youth care institution may seem like a sort of regulated home. It does not resemble a home in the sense of a private household, and the youth living there usually do not define it as a home, but it seems like a home in the sense of being a place where youth in treatment spend most of their days and nights. But is that what a home is? In many cases, people in modern societies are not supposed to
Car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure (henceforth called C2X) communications are constantly gaining importance for road-safety and other applications. In order to design efficient C2X systems, an understanding of realistic C2X propagation channels is required, but currently, only few measurements have been published. This paper presents a description of an extensive measurement campaign recently co
BACKGROUND: Dietary factors are thought to have an important role in gastric and esophageal carcinogenesis, but evidence from cohort studies for such a role is lacking. We examined the risks of gastric cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma associated with meat consumption within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. METHODS: A total of 521,457 men and women
Popular Abstract in Swedish Inom många olika fält hyllas dialogen. Det finns en stark och utbredd tro, främst i det västerländska samhället, att lyckas man bara upprätta en dialog kan man planera i samförstånd och lösa problem. Människor talar med varandra för att förstå, hjälpa varandra och för att skapa gemensamma värden och målsättningar. I studiet av samtal upptäcker man emellertid snabbt att In the spring of 1997 a group of parents of deaf and hearing-impaired children and representatives of a special school in the south of Sweden began to hold formally arranged meetings in order to start a “dialogue”. This particular form of collaboration became the focus of this study. The meetings lasted two to three hours and I attended seventeen of them. The transcriptions of those meetings form
